1 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The trip to Mount Huangshan leaves me a deep impression. The scenes are so breathtaking. The rolling sea of clouds will remind you how tiny we humans are. The hot spring at the foot of the mountain will undoubtedly help you get     1     (refresh)! The amazing thing is that the colder the temperature gets, the     2     (hot) the spring!

What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering     3     hard it was then for the people to put all those rocks into place.

2 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Forrest, a biologist, uses a metal clicker to count every penguin he sees. It’s not easy. He is part of a team     1     (work) on the Antarctic environment. The survey will help scientists better understand the Antarctic environment. Over the years, the number of penguins in Antarctic     2     (go) down. Scientists say climate change is making the ocean warmer. “Penguins give us an idea about what is going on in the ocean around us,” Forrest says. This year, robotics engineers fly a drone to help him record each colony’s     3     (locate) and size.

3 . The environmental practices of big businesses are shaped by a fundamental fact that offends our sense of justice. A business may maximize the amount of money it makes by damaging the environment and hurting people. When government regulation is effective, and the public is environmentally aware, environmentally clean big businesses may out-compete dirty ones, but the reverse is likely to be true if government regulation is ineffective and the public doesn’t care.

It is easy to blame a business for helping itself by hurting other people. But blaming alone is unlikely to produce change. It ignores the fact that businesses are not charities but profit-making companies, and they are under obligation to maximize profits for shareholders by legal means.

Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable.

The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and regulations requiring good environmental practices.

In turn, big businesses can exert powerful pressure on any suppliers that might ignore public or government pressure. For instance, after the US public became concerned about the spread of a disease, transmitted to humans through infected meat, the US government introduced rules demanding that the meat industry abandon practices associated with the risk of the disease spreading. But the meat packers refused to follow these, claiming that they would be too expensive to obey. However, when a fast-food company made the same demands after customer purchases of its hamburgers dropped, the meat industry followed immediately. The public’s task is therefore to identify which links in the supply chain are sensitive to public pressure.

Some readers may be disappointed or outraged that I place the ultimate responsibility for business practices harming the public on the public itself. I also believe that the public must accept the necessity for higher prices for products to cover the added costs of sound environmental practices. My views may seem to ignore the belief that businesses should act in accordance with moral principles even if this leads to a reduction in their profits. But I think we have to recognize that, throughout human history, government regulation has arisen precisely because it was found that not only did moral principles need to be made explicit, they also needed to be enforced.

My conclusion is not a moralistic one about who is right or wrong, admirable or selfish. I believe that changes in public attitudes are essential for changes in businesses’ environmental practices.

1. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage__________.

A．is the result of ignorance of the public

B．requires political action if it is to be stopped

C．can be prevented by the action of ordinary people

D．can only be stopped by educating business leaders

2. In Paragraph 4, the writer describes ways in which the public can__________.

A．reduce their own individual impact on the environment

B．learn more about the impact of business on the environment

C．raise awareness of the effects of specific environmental disasters

D．influence the environmental policies of businesses and governments

3. What pressure was given by big business in the case of the disease mentioned in Paragraph 5?

A．Meat packers stopped supplying hamburgers to fast-food chains.

B．Meat packers persuaded the government to reduce their expenses.

C．A fast-food company forced their meat suppliers to follow the law.

D．A fast-food company encouraged the government to introduce regulations.

4. What would be the best heading for this passage?

A．Will the world survive the threat caused by big businesses?

B．How can big businesses be encouraged to be less driven by profit?

C．What environmental dangers are caused by the greed of businesses?

D．Are big businesses to blame for the damage they cause to the environment?

4 . Dog adoptions, and sales of supplies like dog food and dog toys, soared during Covid-19. For a lot of people, knowing they’d be working from home for months made the idea of adopting a dog much more attractive.    1    , here are some tips to try.

Research dog food

People or pets, feeding someone is a great way to not only show love, but to feel love. Anyone who has invested time in creating a great meal for their family knows that the experience of cooking helps them feel closer to the people eating.    2    . Instead, you should spend some time researching the best kinds of dog food for your pet. The more time you spend looking into what kind of dog food will help your buddy thrive, the more connected you’ll feel. Feeding your dog healthy food will also help her stay healthy and comfortable.

Work with a trainer

    3    . Working with a professional trainer, in person, or even over Zoom, can help you get a better understanding of who your dog is. This can be especially helpful if you adopted an older dog that already has certain habits. The more comfortable and secure you feel with your dog, the more you’ll come to love them.

    4    

Sometimes loving a specific dog is about getting into dogs in general. Reading dog stories, looking at dog pictures, watching dog shows and videos can all make you feel more loving towards dogs in general, which will in turn help you feel better about your own dog. Instagram is an easy way to get your cute dog fix!

Give it time

We all love the stories about the person who walks into a shelter and falls in love with a dog. But, just like with people, it’s not always love at first site. Sometimes, we think that if we don’t love a dog right away, it’s a problem    5    This can be especially true of rescue dogs. Rescue dogs who have been moved around from house to house or shelter to shelter may take longer to trust you. But once your dog trusts you, you’ll find them harder to resist.

A．Play with your dog

B．Read about other dogs

C．If you’re having trouble connecting with your new dog

D．In reality, some relationships just take more time to build

E．When you find your friendship needs more time to develop

F．You could make your own dog food, but most people don’t

G．Sometimes we have trouble bonding with a dog because we don’t understand that dog

5 . Massive snowstorms and a blast of chilly air swept across northern China in the first week of November, leaving many people shivering(颤抖)in the freezing cold.

At the same time, a global conference on climate change-COP 26-was held in Glasgow, Scotland, where the key topic was how to curb(抑制)the trend of global warming. So why are we experiencing such a frigid(寒冷的)winter on a warming planet? The cold snap(寒潮)and global warming, two seemingly opposing forces, are not contradictory, Zhou Bing, chief expert at the China Meteorological Administration’s National Climate Center, told China Daily.

Against the backdrop of a warming planet, China has seen a growing average temperature in winter, which has increased by 0.41°C every decade since 1961, according to Zhou. But in some cases, the country has also experienced freezing cold-for instance, the icy weather that hit the country in early 2008. Global warming does not appear evenly, but triggers more extreme heat and cold, Zhou explained. Global warming has changed the patterns of Earth’s atmospheric circulation, affecting the local climate via sea-air or land-air interaction. In October, La Nina, the periodic(周期的)cooling of ocean surface temperatures in the central and east-central equatorial(赤道的)Pacific, started to affect China, bringing more cold air to the country, said the National Climate Center. Between 1951 and 2020, a total of 15 La Nina events occurred in China. Ten of them brought lower-than-average winter temperatures, according to the National Climate Center.

Another reason for the chilly weather is the warming Arctic, according to the BBC. The Arctic is warming two to three times as fast as any other place on Earth, said Zhou, adding that the polar vortex, a rotating(旋转的)pool of cold, dense air weakens as the temperature goes up, pushing the cold Arctic air southward. So will this winter be particularly cold? Unlike a series of cold waves that cool down the nation gradually, people will experience the quick-freeze effects several times, and a cold winter is likely, a Beijing-based climate expert told the Global Times.

The official forecast also said that northern China will see more snow than average and southern China less rainfall than average.

1. Why is global warming mentioned in paragraph 2?

A．To illustrate its relationship with chilly air.	B．To introduce the climate expert Zhou Bing.
C．To describe the weather condition in the world.	D．To stress the importance of the conference-COP26.

2. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Prevent.

B．Affect.

C．Cause.

D．Recover.

3. What’s the result of the fast warming of the Arctic?

A．Our country will be cooled down slowly.	B．The south of our country will see more snow.
C．The whole world will become extremely warm.	D．There will be sudden drops in air temperature in our country.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A textbook.

B．A news report.

C．A review.

D．A travel brochure.

6 . Whether you believe it or not, there is a festival that honors the monkeys. Called “The Monkey Buffet Festival”, it is celebrated in the city of Lopburi. You may find this surprising, but when you ask some locals about the cultural significance of this festival you will find that there is really nothing! The Monkey Buffet Festival is supposed to be for business — a creative and unique way of attracting and increasing tourists in Thailand.

However, you may ask why, of all the animals in Thailand to honor with a festivity, choose monkeys? Interestingly, this is due to ancient folklore (民间传说) that tells the story of Hanuman, a Hindu monkey deity (神) who is believed to have rescued a bride (新娘) from a ten-headed evil spirit. It was said that Hanuman discovered Lopburi, and these monkeys, the ones living in Lopburi receiving a feast every year, are his descendants.

The yearly Monkey Buffet Festival started in 1989 organized by a local businessman. Nowadays, the festival is a major tourist event and travelers from all over the world come here to see these huge numbers of monkeys filling their stomachs.

The Monkey Buffet Festival is a unique event that will give you a new perspective (视角) on how monkeys are treated in Lopburi. It may be a strange festival, but promises a lot of fun especially for people who love animals. These long-tailed monkeys are very used to humans, so tourists have no need to worry that they will go away seeing people getting near them. However, this could be disadvantageous as well. They can be very aggressive (好攻击的) and have been known to take glasses and wallets away from tourists. So keep an eye on monkeys hanging from trees in the area.

Visit Lopburi in Thailand and enjoy the Monkey Buffet. What are you waiting for? Mark your calendar for the last Sunday of November and experience the festivities with the cute little monkeys. Where else can you find a festival where monkeys are fed with jellies, candies, sausages, and a can of Coke to drink!

1. Why is the Monkey Buffet Festival held?

A．To ask people to protect the wild animals.

B．To spread Thai cultural significance.

C．To develop tourism in Lopburi.

D．To show respect to monkeys.

2. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The reason why monkeys are honored.

B．The way the festival is organized.

C．The influence of the festival.

D．The history of Lopburi.

3. What did the author want to do in the last paragraph?

A．Call on people to care about monkeys.

B．Encourage people to attend the festival.

C．Ask people to reflect on their actions toward nature.

D．Discuss the relationship between humans and nature.

7 . 语法填空

    1       (locate) in the center of Spain, the capital city Madrid is famous for its art galleries. The Prado Museum has one of the world’s     2     (big) collections of art works and paintings by Picaso     3     (exhibit) at the Reina Sofia Museum. Many people are attracted to Madrid for its exciting nightlife, but the city appeals to young people because it is home     4     the Real Madrid soccer team with many star players.

8 . 假设你是红星中学高二年级的学生李华，你从一档电视节目上了解到地球的历史上发生过两次大的绝灭，并很有可能发生第六次大灭绝，也了解到了其发生的原因和后果。请你根据所了解的内容，和可行的解决办法，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 史上两次大灭绝的原因（至少两点），后果
2. 第六次可能发生的大灭绝的原因，后果
3. 发出倡议：我们应该在生活，工作，旅行，畜牧方面采取哪些行动。
提示词：火山爆发：volcanic eruptions；行星撞击地球：asteroids hitting the Earth from space；
海洋里氧气的减少：the decrease of the oxygen content of the sea
字数80字左右

9 . Production of bottled water has grown over the past thirty years from nothing into a $16 billion-per-year business. However, more and more people have been against bottled water use, and environmentalists are _______ people to go back to the tap.

The first reason why you should seriously think about _______ bottled water, they say, is that it’s bad for the environment. Producing plastic bottles _______ vast quantities of oil. As a result, factories create poisonous waste and send it into the environment. What is more, the vast majority of plastic water bottles aren’t _______. In almost every part of the world, unwanted water bottles take up landfills (垃圾填埋地) and send dangerous gases into air and water when they are burned. In other words, bottled water is a major _______ to global warming.

Secondly, the _______ of bottled water requires a lot of fuel. In the USA alone, one billion bottles of water are moved around each week in trucks, giving off polluting gases. In fact, some high-priced water is _______ from one side of the planet to the other.

Finally, bottled water isn’t even better for your health. Tap water rules in many countries are far _______ than those for bottled water. Furthermore, tap water contains fluoride, which is added to help build strong teeth and prevent tooth decay (龋齿). Consequently, as the use of bottled water has _______, tooth decay has become more serious.

To sum up, by stopping the use of bottled water, and encouraging others to do so, you will be doing the planet an enormous favor and ________ your own health as well.

1.

A．allowing

B．training

C．calling on

D．commanding

2.

A．giving up

B．turning to

C．preparing for

D．believing in

3.

A．creates

B．attracts

C．requires

D．shares

4.

A．sold

B．recycled

C．found

D．limited

5.

A．answer

B．solution

C．contributor

D．service

6.

A．test

B．design

C．competition

D．transportation

7.

A．shipped

B．wasted

C．developed

D．collected

8.

A．older

B．fewer

C．stricter

D．simpler

9.

A．dropped

B．changed

C．increased

D．disappointed

10.

A．damaging

B．benefiting

C．challenging

D．respecting

10 . Millions of migratory(迁徙的)birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding(繁殖)grounds in the Arctic, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state-of-the-art techniques-satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing(基因排序)-and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons in Eurasian Arctic.

The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6, 000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October, " said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”

The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene-ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research- associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in long-distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memory thought to be essential for long-distance migration.

“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified, ”Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether.

“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world. ”

1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?

A．Five birds’ historical migration routes were rebuilt.

B．Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter.

C．Two novel research methods of migration were invented.

D．Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September.

2. What can we infer about ADCY8?

A．It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study.

B．It serves as a fundamental part of long-distance migration.

C．It could be strengthened by the power of long-term memory.

D．It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals.

3. What is special about the new study?

A．It has discovered a new genomic region of birds.

B．It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.

C．It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons.

D．It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds.

4. Which would be the best title for this passage?

A．Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species

B．Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds

C．How Long-term Memory Helps Long-distance Migration

D．How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances