1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

This year marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A half-century ago, activists       1    (walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in       2    (respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment,     3    (lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of color and poor people are often the first       4     (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps,       5     there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.

But you don’t have to be an activist to make       6    difference—in fact there are many tiny everyday       7    (effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn’t start with Earth Day and indigenous people (原住民) protecting the earth as     8    (they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the   climate crisis this way and take it       9     (serious) as well. It isn’t just polar bears and plastic bags     10    an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.

2 . Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.     1    .

“We’re being overwhelmed(淹没) by our waste,”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number.     2    , unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.

Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.

Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种).     3    ; a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.

    4    . At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea liter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign.     5    Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.

A．The following is what we should do

B．And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened

C．And this figure is likely to double by 2025

D．But it’s not just countries that need to do their part

E．By 2050,that figure is expected to rise to 1000 pieces

F．That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year

G．All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems

3 . The victims were carried in one by one,their paws and fur burned,suffering from dehydration(脱 水）and fear.Their caretakers____their wounds,and ___them in baskets with the only thing that was___---the leaves of eucalyptus(桉树）tree.As miserable fires have.___more than 2 million acres in Australia,only dozens of koalas have been ___from the smoky trees and __ ground.

Koalas,unlike kangaroos,birds or snakes,do not ___.from fires but instead climb trees to the top,where they can curl themselves into a ball for __ and wait for the danger to ___

But during big fires,such as those that have burned in recent weeks,the animals are far less likely to_____Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree___ ,the animals may over heat and fall to the ground,where they can be burned to death.

The tough situation of the koala has raised ___among scientists and conservationists(环保主义者）。While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires,they are facing new ___,not just from climate change but also from human development,which has dislocated Koalas' populations,___their ability to survive fires.

We have these __ animals not found anywhere else on this planet,and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.

1.

A．touched

B．treated

C．ignored

D．discovered

2.

A．threw

B．locked

C．laid

D．forced

3.

A．familiar

B．plentiful

C．beautiful

D．expensive

4.

A．reached

B．left

C．burned

D．trapped

5.

A．killed

B．recognized

C．hurt

D．rescued

6.

A．flat

B．black

C．broad

D．safe

7.

A．escape

B．die

C．suffer

D．rise

8.

A．balance

B．protection

C．challenge

D．comfort

9.

A．attack

B．come

C．pass

D．avoid.

10.

A．jump

B．climb

C．fall

D．survive

11.

A．top

B．leaves

C．trunk

D．root

12.

A．passion

B．concern

C．fear

D．interest

13.

A．chances

B．choices

C．neighbors

D．threats

14.

A．weakening

B．developing

C．enriching

D．ensuring

15.

A．lonely

B．stupid

C．lazy

D．unique

4 . Kevin Randall, a teacher,who teaches biology at Grandville High School,runs the environmental club at the high school,which has around 2,000 students.The club is known as the GHS Green Team,and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持续性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.

One of the club's recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria.Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54,000 plastic forks every year.The club applied for a financial help,built recycling centers for the cafeteria,and purchased metal silverware.

And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),“and that's just one way we're trying to capture the low-hanging fruit,if you will,"Randall said.

The efforts of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state.In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria, the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,and leads cleanups on site and out in the community.Over the years,Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太阳能板) on the roof of the high school.

Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸关）when it comes to climate change.

＂And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home," Randall added,"They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change,and to spread the word,and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home."

1. What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club?

A．To inspire students' love for biology.

B．To finish the projects assigned by school.

C．To prepare students for their future jobs.

D．To promote environmental protection.

2. What's the result of the project on school cafeteria?

A．It has changed the outlook of the cafeteria.

B．Students can have more fruits in the cafeteria.

C．Plastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria.

D．The school has become famous nationwide.

3. What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The classification of the projects.

B．The characteristics of the club.

C．The activities organized by the club.

D．The future of the club.

4. What was Randall's aim by doing the work on environmental issues?.

A．To educate the young.

B．To get material rewards.

C．To amuse his children.

D．To make himself famous.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At 8,844.43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is     1     (tall) mountain on Earth. While     2     is famous for its challenging hike, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: garbage. Every year, thousands of     3     (visit) throw away tons of trash, including soda cans (罐) and plastic bags.

According to the UN, over 140 tons of trash have been left on the mountain. To reduce trash, China is limiting the number of people     4     can climb the mountain’s north side. Only 300 people will     5     (allow) to climb it each year, and only during spring.

Local residents cleaned the mountain last year,     6     (remove) trash at a height of 5,200 meters. They     7     (collect) about 8.4 metric tons of trash, according to figures from the Tibet autonomous region’s government (西藏自治区人民政府).

This year, the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan       8    a new clean-up campaign, setting up stations to sort, recycle and break down garbage collected from the mountain.

In addition to trash, workers will also collect the bodies of     9     (die)   climbers. As of the 2019 climbing season, more than 300 people have died on Qomolangma, with 12 deaths this year.

A group of artists will try to turn some trash into artwork. They will show these works     10     (local), to remind people not to leave trash when climbing the mountain.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on       1     (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头)     2     (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.

One thing that really annoys me is that I see     3     (tour)who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place     4     it should stay—the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish     5     pretend that it’s not there.

The dogs or the fish are not to blame     6     it. It’s our fault and we must blame     7     (we). Everyone has to do his or her part     8     (solve) this problem. It can’t be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More     9     (important), we need to start now before the beaches     10     (damage) beyond repair.

7 . China is known for its long history, rich culture, and cute pandas. It’s also known for some of the worst air quality in the world. But the Asian country is now using a natural weapon against air pollution — trees.

In February, China’s government announced plans to cover at least 32,400 square miles with forest. That is about the size of Ireland. Some 60,000 soldiers will take charge of the tree-planting program. Most of the trees will be planted in Hebei Province. That is an area surrounding China’s capital, Beijing.

Huang Wei is an environmentalist who works for Greenpeace East Asia. She is optimistic about the plan. “Trees act as a sink to absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants,” she said. Carbon dioxide is a gas that traps the Earth’s heat. It contributes to global warming.

Why is China’s air filled with harmful chemicals? It’s because the country relies on coal-fired power plants. When coal is burned, PM2.5 is produced. PM2.5 is a pollutant. It can cause shortness of breath, heart attacks, and even death.

Just two years ago, pollution levels were so high in Beijing that schools and factories had to close. Huang hopes China’s tree-planting plan will reduce the nation’s suffering from air pollution.

The Chinese government is getting help from others in its drive to make the nation greener. Stefano Boeri is an Italian architect and urban planner. He is leading an effort to plant vertical (垂直的) forests in China.

Boeri’s designs have already taken root in the city of Nanjing, China. That’s where the Nan-jing Green Towers are under construction. The building has two towers. Thousands of trees and hanging plants will grow on the balconies and rooftops.

Boeri says his goal is to design buildings that help the environment and improve air quality. He also hopes to encourage a new generation of green architects.

1. What measure is China taking to improve the air quality according to the passage?

A．Planting more tress.

B．Closing the electricity factories.

C．Forbidding people to burn coal.

D．Designing new buildings.

2. What does Huang Wei think of the new plan?

A．Doubtful.	B．Uncertain.
C．Promising.	D．Ineffective.

3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to “contributes to” in paragraph 3?

A．Adapts to.	B．Results in.
C．Refers to.	D．Concentrates on.

4. Why is Stefano Boeri invited to China to design buildings?

A．Because his design can keep the polluted air outside the house.

B．Because his buildings are built in forest.

C．Because his design is special with two towers.

D．Because his design is environmentally friendly.

8 . Just a year ago, the colors were bright under the waves. Now it’s gray — the Maldivian reef is dead. The coral is killed by the pressure of rising temperatures.

Coral reefs are areas underwater where small creatures live. The coral is hard material formed on the bottom of the sea by the skeletons of those creatures. But the world has lost about half its coral reefs in the last 30 years. Scientists are working to prevent their destruction. Due to global warming, over 90 percent of corals are expected to die by 2050. “To lose coral reefs is to fundamentally undermine the health of a very large proportion of the human race,” said Ruth Gates, director of the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology.

Why are coral reefs important? Coral reefs support a fourth of all marine species, as well as half a billion people worldwide. They serve as barriers to protect coastlines from the storms. They provide billions of dollars from tourism, fishing and other trade. They are also used in medical research for cures for diseases. “Everyone should be concerned,” said biologist Ove Guldberg at Australia’s University of Queensland. “This is not just some distant dive destination. This is the basic structure of the ecosystem we depend on.”

The ocean is getting warmer. A rising temperature of just one to two degree Celsius can force coral to expel the algae (驱逐海藻) that live there. This leaves their white skeletons uncovered. It is a process called “bleaching”. Sixteen percent of the world’s corals died of bleaching in 1998. The problem has become much worse in recent years.

“We’ve lost 50 percent of the reefs, but that means we still have 50 percent left,” said Ruth Gates, who is working in Hawaii to breed corals that can better withstand increasing temperatures. She is also trying to “train” corals to survive rising temperatures. Gates says it is time to start “thinking outside the box”— find creative ways to help them.

1. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Regain	B．Weaken
C．Promote	D．Develop

2. What can we learn from Ove Guldberg’ words?

A．People won’t find a dive destination in the future.

B．The effort to save corals will turn out to be fruitless.

C．The bright sea has lost its charm because of those dead corals.

D．The destruction of coral reefs will affect the earth ecosystem.

3. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The harm of algae.	B．The importance of coral reefs.
C．The process of “bleaching”.	D．The change of ocean temperature.

4. What is Ruth Gates’ attitude towards the protection of corals？

A．Worried	B．Positive
C．Casual	D．Curious

9 . ''It can't be done. '' Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first proposed a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.

Slat, who grew up in the city of Delft in the Netherlands, was on a diving trip in Greece three years ago when he was deeply impressed by plastic. ''There were more plastic bags than fish, '' he says. ''That moment I realized it was a huge issue and that environmental issues are really the biggest problems my generation will face. ''

That fall, Slat, then 17, decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project. Soon, Slat learned that no one had yet come up with practical way to clean up this massive garbage patches. Most proposed solutions involved ''fishing'' up the plastic using ships equipped with nets—which, as Slat discovered, would likely take more than 1,000 years, cost too much, let off too much sea life along with the trash.

Slat proposed an alternative that mostly avoided these problems: a solar-powered system using a floating plastic tube which will go around the garbage and trap it is 600 meters long. Wind, waves and ocean currents will push the trash toward the tube. A ship will pick up the trash and take it back to the shore. Best of all, Slat predicted his system could clean up the North Pacific Garbage Patch within five to 10 years.

The following, Slat entered the aerospace engineering program at the Delft University of Technology and officially announced his ocean cleanup concept at TEDxDelft. But nothing much moved forward.

Slat organized a team of volunteers and employees for The Ocean Cleanup, which now numbers about 100. In answer to opposition, Slat and his team raised $100,000 from a crowd funding campaign and began testing a 40-meter collecting barrier near the Azores Islands last March.

Over the next three to four years, Slat will push toward a fully operational large-scale project by testing a series of longer and longer barriers.

1. What inspired the boy to study plastic pollution?

A．One of his high school projects.

B．Others' opposition to his proposal.

C．Humans’ failure in cleaning up the ocean.

D．The shockingly heavy plastic pollution in ocean.

2. What can we say about Slat's design?

A．It is powerful but only used in California and Hawaii.

B．It is huge but causes great damage to sea lives.

C．It makes full use of natural forces and is friendly to nature.

D．It was welcomed by all the public and worked very well.

3. What hasn't Slat done to make his idea into reality?

A．Presenting his idea at TEDxDelft.

B．Raising funds with his team.

C．Doing test.

D．Stopping plastic from washing into the ocean.

4. What does the author mainly do in this article?

A．Explain a strange idea.	B．Introduce a fascinating person.
C．Describe a social phenomenon.	D．Praise a point of view.

10 . E-waste is fast becoming a serious global problem.     1    

The source of e-waste

We live in a society that constantly produces and consumes electronic products. It is often cheaper to buy new pieces of equipment than to repair old ones. Also, through clever advertising, companies persuade consumers to replace their old TVs, mobile phones and computers for the latest models. E-waste is created when we throw away electronic equipment like this. In the EU alone, about 8.7 million tonnes of e-waste is produced each year.     2    

The problem with e-waste

Burying e-waste in landfills or burning it causes serious problems for the environment.     3     These substances can then leak into the ground in landfills or pollute the air when they are burnt.

Global recycling schemes (计划)

    4     However, their schemes are not always managed properly and sometimes electronics are just sent to poor countries such as Ghana. Here they are often burnt in public areas, which is very bad for people’s health. Setting up recycling programs in the countries that create e-waste could solve this problem. E-cycling centres could recycle the parts that we can reuse and properly dispose of the rest.

Take-back policy

Another solution to e-waste is to make manufacturers responsible for their used products. This could mean forcing them to take back old products which are no longer wanted.     5    

Consuming less

We can all reduce the amount of waste we produce by buying electrical products only when we have to.

A．In recent years, many countries have started recycling e-waste.

B．They should then make sure they are properly recycled or reused.

C．Sadly, just over one million tonnes is recycled.

D．This report will examine this problem and provide some possible solutions.

E．By resisting the temptation to buy a product just to have the latest version, we cut down on e-waste.

F．Electronics contain dangerous chemicals and metals.

G．Both manufacturers and consumers must accept their responsibilities and make efforts to keep it to a minimum.