1. 保护野生动物的重要性;
2. 提出合理建议(至少两点);
3. 发出呼吁。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Protecting the Wild Animals
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . Bringing species like beavers (河狸) back to England is no longer a priority, the government said on Friday to criticism from wildlife groups.
A recent report shows that one in six UK species are at risk of extinction. In September more than 60 conservation organisations reported a significant decline in species due to expansions in farming and the effects of climate change. In recent years, animals and plants have been reintroduced by charities as part of efforts to restore the country’s reduced biodiversity.
Despite the government allowing this, the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee concluded in July that there was an absence of long-term plans on how to manage this. In response, the government has now said that the “reintroduction of species is not a priority”.
The government said it was focused on increasing biodiversity through habitat restoration. The government’s environment department has come under scrutiny (详细审查) for not doing more to prevent sewage dumping and other forms of pollution in England’s waterways.
Sir Robert Goodwill, chair of the Committee, said he was disappointed with the government response. Bringing back extinct species is a controversial issue — although farmers and landowners appear broadly supportive, there are risks of reintroducing new species, and without clear guidance, problems could arise.
A recent study showed that river barriers similar to those built by beavers can protect communities at risk of flooding. But there have also been cases documented in Europe where beavers have built their dams in places that have damaged crops and changed rivers.
Joan Edwards, director of Policy & Public Affairs at The Wildlife Trusts said, “Reintroducing wildlife must be part of the UK government’s arsenal (武器) for tackling nature loss and climate change — it is astonishing there is no strategy for doing so.”
“The return of wild beavers can help to recreate lost wetlands, with a knock-on effect that benefits other wildlife including insects, invertebrates and birds. Beavers also slow the flow of water, which can reduce flood risks to towns and villages,” she said.
1. What does paragraph 2 want to convey?A.The situation of species in the UK is severe. |
B.Reintroduction of species in the UK is not a priority. |
C.Expansions in farming have a great effect on climate change. |
D.The UK government’s response to reduced biodiversity is disappointing. |
A.By developing strategy. |
B.By offering guidance. |
C.By expanding farming. |
D.By restoring habitat. |
A.It was messy. | B.It was limited. |
C.It was beneficial. | D.It was costly. |
A.The advantages of reintroducing wildlife. |
B.The responses to a government statement. |
C.The effects of climate change on farming. |
D.The approaches to increasing biodiversity. |
3 . Sometimes a camera’s eye in the sky can cast new light on the world we live in—highlighting changes or celebrating beauty we might be unaware of on ground level. And that’s what you’ll see in the winners from the 2023 Drone (无人机) Photo Awards.
The photography competition, now in its sixth year, received nearly 14, 000 images from amateur and professional photographers from 104 countries for the nine categories of the competition. All photos were taken from above using a drone.
Here’s a look at some of those award-winning photos and honorable mentions from around the world.
Amigos
“In Baja California Sur in Mexico, gray whales come to interact with people—as if they were friends(in Spanish’Amigos’),” says the photographer.
The art of rice processing
Rice mill workers start their day at the break of dawn. Some of them boil the paddy rice. Others carry it and spread it outside the rice mill to dry in the sun. To make sure that it dries properly, they rake (耙) it out, then sweep it back.
A cherished wetland drowning in trash
The Pallikaranai wetland is one of the few remaining wetlands in India. Every day, the photographer says that 3,500 tons of garbage are dumped on some 300 acres of this nearly 20,000-acre wetland.
Strawberry fields forever, Act I, Scene 1
Naming it The strawberry show is about to begin, the photographer says that the strawberry field from above looks like the opening of a theater curtain before a big show.
1. What can we learn about the 2023 Drone Photo Awards?A.It is held every six years. |
B.The theme of the entries is limited. |
C.The photos are taken by professionals. |
D.It attracts many photographers from all over the world. |
A.Amigos. |
B.The art of rice processing. |
C.A cherished wetland drowning in trash. |
D.Strawberry fields forever, Act I, Scene 1. |
A.They all celebrate beauty. |
B.They all highlight changes. |
C.They are all taken from the air. |
D.They belong to the same category. |
4 . Edward Davis was a professor who worked on ocean research. However, bored with writing death records of ocean species, he quit his job in 2007. Rather than spend any more of his life recording the dying. Edward decided to try to protect the living creatures in the few remaining areas of the ocean.
These areas are the last wild places of the sea still undamaged by overfishing, pollution and climate change. “It is necessary for us to go to places that still look like the ocean as it was 500 years ago.” Edward says. “These areas, like Palau, are the examples of sustainable (可持续的) development. Maybe we can’t bring all of the ocean back to this state, but these places show us what the potential is.” Beneath the surface of a stormy sea off Palau in the western Pacific live various lively corals. The tiny island nation has protected 80 percent of its waters as a no-fishing area—the largest percentage of protected ocean area in the world. The remaining 20 percent can be fished only by Palauans.
To protect these places, Edward and his team started a project on ocean protection in 2008. Over the past years, the project has helped create 22 ocean reserves. These make up two-thirds of the world’s fully protected ocean areas. Now Edward and his team have set an even bigger goal—to protect more than a third of the world’s oceans for the purpose of keeping biological diversity.
For Edward, one of the most satisfying aspects of his job is working with local communities in the places he and his team are seeking to protect. The team worked closely with about 50 local people on the island. “We showed them an underwater world they had never seen,” Edward recalls. “Huge schools of fish will surely swim in some of the clearest waters ever measured in the Pacific.”
1. Why did Edward quit his previous job?A.To record the dying. | B.To increase land species. |
C.To protect the sea creatures. | D.To write a book on sea protection. |
A.20 percent of it is covered by the sea. |
B.It is an area open to fishermen worldwide. |
C.It is an example of sustainable development. |
D.The surface of it is destroyed by water pollution. |
A.Edward’s project. | B.Edward’s team members. |
C.The ways of keeping biodiversity. | D.The ways of creating ocean reserves. |
A.Stressed. | B.Positive. |
C.Curious. | D.Confused. |
The 14th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (RAMSAR COP14) took place in Wuhan, Hubei Province in November. It was the first time that China
Wuhan, the host city of RAMSAR COP 14. has 162,400 hectares (公顷) of wetlands, accounting
Nature provides the basic conditions for human
6 . The essence (本质) of fast fashion is to make clothes inexpensively and quickly, to get new trends and styles into stores and online as soon as possible, and it comes at a high social and environmental cost. Keeping production costs low means they can make their clothes cheap, using cheap labour in unsafe working conditions, and in countries with bad environmental regulations.
Throw-away culture is deeply rooted in our society; three in five of our clothing pieces are thrown out within a year. Fast fashion brands keep the consumers hungry and feeling like they need more by attracting them with newness and convincing the consumers that they need what they’re selling. This only results in increasing textile waste as people no longer want but throw it away.
Criticisms of the fast fashion industry include its negative environmental impact: water pollution, the use of toxic (有毒的) chemicals and increasing levels of textile waste. Textile dyeing is the second largest polluter of clean water globally, after agriculture. Fast fashion companies rely on their products being made cheaply and quickly, so they avoid talking when it comes to being aware of their impact on the environment. Greenpeace’s recent Detox Campaign showed that many brands use toxic and dangerous chemicals in their supply chains, and many of the chemicals are either banned or strictly controlled in lots of countries.
In conclusion, the fast fashion industry has a bad effect on our environment through fast fashion brands’ ecological practices and only continues to make the problem last for a long time in the future through extreme consumerist culture. In order for change to happen, the common people need to open their eyes and take measures to prevent the fast fashion from growing.
1. What’s one of the characteristics of fast fashion?A.Causing a lot of anxiety. | B.Making people buy old clothes. |
C.Selling most clothes through stores. | D.Producing clothes quickly. |
A.They are mainly sold online. | B.They are made in unsafe countries. |
C.They are made by cheap labour. | D.They save the cost of advertising. |
A.Natural. | B.Surprising. | C.Absurd. | D.Puzzling. |
A.Changing fast fashion brands’ working conditions. |
B.Changing clothes stores’ sales model. |
C.Introducing stricter laws for factories. |
D.Raising public awareness of preventing fast fashion. |
7 . In a paper published in Nature Communications, a team led by scientists from the University of California, using climate models and satellite data, reveal for the first time how protecting tropical forests can yield climate benefits that enhance carbon storage in nearby areas.
Many climate scientists use computer simulations (模拟) to mimic the planet's climate as it exists today and how it may exist in the future as humanity keeps emitting greenhouse gases. Such models rely on accurate measurements of all the moving parts of the climate system, from how much sunlight hits and warms the climate, to the response of forest biomass (生物量) to changes in temperature, rainfall and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
Jim Randerson, UCI professor of Earth system science, said, “This paper shows that avoiding deforestation yields carbon benefits in nearby regions as a consequence of climate feedbacks.”
He explained that for a new patch of deforestation in the Amazon, the regional climate changes that happen as a result led to an additional 5.1 percent more loss of total biomass in the entire Amazon basin. In the Congo, the additional biomass loss from the climate effects of deforestation is about 3.8 percent. Tropical forests store about 200 petagrams of carbon in their aboveground biomass. Since 2010, deforestation has been removing about 1 petagram of that carbon every year. (One petagram is equal to 1 trillion kilograms.)
Until now, climate modelers have, for lack of data, not considered tree mortality (死亡率) in their climate simulations. But by combining satellite data with climate variables, they obtained information about how sensitive carbon stored in vegetation is to climatic changes that result from tree mortality and fire.
1. What determines the results of the models?A.Accuracy of computer simulators. |
B.Precise calculations by researchers. |
C.Precise measurement of the climate system. |
D.Accurate measurement of global temperature. |
A.By simulating climate changes. | B.By giving warnings. |
C.By analyzing reasons. | D.By listing figures. |
A.Because it is of little value. |
B.Because of data shortage. |
C.Because of lack of enough trees. |
D.Because it is up to his expectation. |
A.Protecting Tropical Trees Is Beneficial To Humans |
B.Tropical Trees Are Experiencing Severe Damages |
C.Computer Simulations Can Predict Climate Change |
D.Protecting Tropical Trees Makes For Carbon Storage |
Over and over at the UN climate summit in Glasgow, world leaders have stressed the need
Already, the world has heated to around 1. 1℃ above pre-industrial levels. Each of the last four decades was
More warming to 1. 5 ℃ and beyond will
“At 1. 5 ℃, there’s
9 . Humankind’s growing need for food is in conflict with thousands of other species’ need for space. By 2050, humans may need to clear an additional 3.35 million square kilometers of land for agriculture. Changing the largely natural habitat would remove more than 17,000 species from the land, researchers report in Nature Sustainability.
“But changing how, where and what food is grown can reduce the effect,” says scientist David Williams of the University of Leeds. “We can feed the planet without making it too bad.”
To figure out how, Williams and his colleagues first identified habitat most likely to be cleared for cropland. The team then calculated how much food 152 countries would need to feed their growing population and mapped where crops would likely be grown in each, based on past land use changes. By 2050, the world’s 13 million square kilometers of cropland would need to increase by 26 percent, the team found. That growth is largely concentrated in Sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia.
The researchers then put these estimates (估计) on distribution (分布) maps of nearly 20,000 species. While almost all of these species would lose some habitat, the team estimated 1,280 species would lose at least 25 percent of their range and that 96 species would lose at least 75 percent.
“Changing the global food system could cut these losses,” the team says. Among the changes are improving crop output and increasing food imports for food-poor countries. Adopting these measures would actually reduce the world’s cropland area by 3.4 million square kilometers by 2050 and result in just 33 species losing more than a quarter of their natural range, the team found. “Achieving that may be difficult and needs governments’ effort,” Williams says, “but emptying our plates at the family dinner tables could still have big effects.” “The world needs to feed a growing population, but it can be done more sustainably (可持续地),” he says.
1. What will cause danger for species’ natural habitat in the future?A.Growing human population. | B.Reduction in cropland. |
C.Agricultural revolution. | D.Change in food planting. |
A.Scientific tests. | B.Accurate data calculation. |
C.Reasonable estimates. | D.Previous research results. |
A.Export more food. | B.Reduce food waste. |
C.Improve crop output. | D.Protect wild animals. |
A.To describe a natural law. | B.To state a scientific discovery. |
C.To introduce a biological opinion. | D.To discuss an environmental problem. |
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题;
2. 骑自行车的益处,既能环保,有利健康等。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
参考词汇:低碳生活 (low-carbon life);节能 (energy saving)
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