1 . In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests.   Today the forests have almost gone.   A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand.   China doesn’t want to copy the USA’s example.   We’re planting more and more trees.   We’ve built the “ Great Green Wall” of trees across northern part of our country. The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide.   It will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.   It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south.   More “Great Green Walls” are needed.   Trees must be grown all over the world.   Great Green Walls will make the world better.

1. In 1620, about ________ the USA was covered by forests.

A．a third

B．half

C．two thirds

D．a fourth

2. A lot of good land has gone with ________.

A．sand

B．water

C．wind

D．forests

3. The Great Green Wall in China is ________ long.

A．7,000 kilometers	B．1,700 kilometers
C．7,000 meters	D．400 kilometers

4. Trees must be grown in ________.

A．China	B．the USA
C．some countries	D．every part of the world

5. ________ will make the world better.

A．The Great Wall	B．Tall buildings
C．Great Green Walls	D．Flowers and grass

2 . How to stay safe when an earthquake happens

What should you do when an earthquake comes about unexpectedly? Here are some tips for you.

●When walking outside

    1     Signs, broken windows, tools, building materials and so on are all probably come down to you from overhead. Protect your head with your bag or coat and keep at a distance from tall buildings. Stone walls and pillars can also fall down and are probably dangerous.

●When driving a car

Firmly hold the steering wheel（方向盘）, gradually reduce speed, park your car on the side of the road, and stop the engine.     2     If you need to evacuate（撤出）, leave your keys, keep the door unlocked, and walk away with your car documents and valuables.

●When underground or in a subway

The shaking you feel when you are underground is about half of what you would experience over ground.     3     Calmly evacuate, following instructions from shop clerks and subway staff.

●When in a high-rise building

    4     Immediately leave the elevator. If you get trapped in the elevator, use the fixed telephone to get in touch with someone outside and wait for rescue. When you evacuate from buildings, never use elevators, listen to announcements and use the stairs to leave the building.

●When near the ocean

Head for higher ground and carefully listen to tsunami（海啸） information. Do not go near the ocean until tsunami warnings have been cleared.     5    

A．Don't be buried in ruins.

B．Be careful about falling objects.

C．Don't even think about going to watch tsunamis!

D．Pay attention to the different signs of an earthquake.

E．Additionally, underground areas are safer than high-rise buildings.

F．Listen to information on the radio and find out what is happening.

G．Elevators with earthquake sensors will stop at the nearest floor.

3 . For some people, walking or running outdoors is a great way to work out. What may not be so pleasant is seeing trash all over the ground. Well, some people are doing something about it. They are plogging!

“Plogging” began in Sweden. The name combines the Swedish word “plocka,” which means to pick up, and the word Jogging, which means to run slowly. A Swedish man named Erik, started the movement in 2016. On the World Environment

Day website, Erik says that he moved to Stockholm from a small community in northern Sweden each day he would ride his bike to work. Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work, he took matters into his own hands.

Plogging, by that term, may have officially begun in Sweden. But many people who exercise outdoors have been doing this for years. Take Jeff Horowitz for example. He is a personal trainer in Washington, D.C. He often picks up trash while running outside. He even has turned it into a game; he will try to pick up the trash without stopping. “I didn’t know it was a thing really. This is just my personal ethics (道德标准), where I go for a run and if I happen to see a piece of garbage lying around and it’s within reach — it is a kind of a little test for me to see if I can grab it and throw it in a near trash can without stopping. And that way, I think, it gives me a little exercise and a little focus for my run. And it helps clean up the neighborhood,” he announced.

Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. Cities around the world now hold logging events, “I would just hope people would think twice before dropping a garbage on the ground. We have containers seems on every block. So, it’s easy to put your garbage in the trash cans. I just think people should think about it a little bit more. I do hope one day there will not be a need for plogging.” said an interviewee.

1. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “took matters into his own hands”?

A．called on people to join him.	B．appealed to people to go green.
C．began to pick up the trash.	D．had the collected trash recycled.

2. What does the example of Jeff Horowitz tell us?

A．Plogging comes naturally to joggers who care about the environment.

B．Plogging is an easy way to clean the environment.

C．It doesn’t make any sense to joy without picking up trash.

D．It is better to clean up the neighborhood by plogging.

3. What is the idea that Logging events are meant to promote?

A．Jogging is truly beneficial.	B．Trash cans should be within reach.
C．Littering is not acceptable.	D．Communities should be kept clean.

4. What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A．New Exercise Enjoys unbelievable popularity

B．New Exercise Trend Also Helps Environment

C．Plogging — a Fashionable Way to clear waste

D．Plogging — an Exercise Originating in Sweden

4 . 语法填空

The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday,     1     (kill) more than 6, 500 people. Fishermen, tourists hotels, homes and cars     2     (sweep) away by huge waves. The undersea quake     3     (strike) around 7:00 am, Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1870 people were killed.

Indian officials said as many as 1, 900 had been killed     4     the southern coast. Another 254 were found     5     (death) in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing. “I was having breakfast with my three children     6    water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to     7     (safe),” said a local Thai woman.

Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected     8     (grow) even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid     9     (organize) for the tsunami-hit countries.     10    , dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies,

5 . Eco­friendly Vauban, lied in the southwest part of Germany, has everything—tree­lined streets, perfect houses—but it's missing one urban feature of the last 100 years or so: the car. And Vauban residents don't mind one bit. Vauban doesn't ban cars entirely. Rather, it just tries to reduce the use of cars by creating "parking­free" and "car­free" living. In Vauban, parking spots are a no­no private property. Cars can only be parked in public parking lots, so living without a car saves residents the cost of parking in the public lot. Cars also are prevented from using certain roads and must stick to strict speed limits. With these limitations, fewer than 20 percent of residents own cars. And now, with a population of 5,500, it's attracting attention from around the world. Can an eco­friendly city like Vauban be a model for Americans to stop their over­ reliance on the cars?

Sometimes when I watch a news report what's in the back of my mind is what isn't being reported or stressed. While this eco­friendly city is inspiring in that it shows residents getting exercise and fresh air through the majority use of bicycles, as well as good old­fashioned walking, common sense would tell you that even for a place like Vauban, Germany, it owes its existence to the cars.

Do you think that bicycles were able to transport all the construction materials that were needed to build and maintain the eco­friendly homes and businesses in Vauban? It took cars to help build this city. It's one of the paradoxes of life that sometimes in order to get away from relying on something like the car, you actually have to rely on that very thing at the beginning and into the foreseeable future to some degree.

I myself haven't owned a car for more than 14 years, and mostly get around town running, walking, or using public transportation. There are times I wish I had one, since it would make many things easier, but overall I'm glad not to have to deal with the headaches of owning a car, which caused me to get rid of it in the first place. And all the walking and running has helped to keep me fit and healthy. To get even close to being like eco­friendly Vauban, Americans will need to absolutely change the way they live. Commuting (乘车上下班) patterns will have to change, public transportation will have to be invested in, and so on. And though ending our love affair with the car will be impossible during my lifetime, we may at least start to see more Vauban­like areas in the USA.

We can hope that Americans will consider using their feet more to get around, cutting down on pollution, and giving themselves some more exercise.

1. Why don't over 80% of the residents in Vauban own car?

A．The streets there are very narrow.

B．There are many limitations on the use of cars.

C．The government limits the number of cars.

D．Most cars belong to their public property.

2. From Paragraph 3 we can know that getting away from cars in cities are ________.

A．opposite things

B．big shortcomings

C．great strengths

D．firm bases

3. How does the writer feel of not owning a car?

A．Curious.

B．Proud.

C．Grateful.

D．Regretful.

4. What is the attitude towards Americans about the lifestyle according to the writer?

A．Not mentioned.

B．They are not eco­friendly.

C．They have too many cars.

D．They work hard.

6 . From Facebook I got to know the Cajun Navy.And there,thousands of selfless volunteers piloted_______ into flooded areas,assisting emergency responders.So I download the app Zello And _______ the Cajun Navy channel.A couple of women who had been taking _______ from victims came on the line at 11:00 am and asked whether anyone could _______ through the night.I said,"I can.”

I got two-minute "training"and a"Good luck!".Then I began to answer calls.The first call was from Chad.He was _______in his house with water up to his chests.He was about to go to his attic（阁楼）．I told him to go to his roof _______,so he wouldn't become trapped by the rising water.

I took request after request.Around 4:30 am,I got a request from Saundra whose grandfather lived _______She was worried because without anyone around, he could not _______ to 911.I assured her that someone would get to him.

But later I learned the Cajun Navy had no boats on the water to help,with the flood so severe.It's no wonder that we had so many people desperately begging for rescue.It looked as if I'd been _______ Seven hours after the calls, we got word that the Cajun Navy was finally .________ to go onto the water.Every 30 minutes,I'd________ the rescuers of Saundra's grandfather.

At 3:00 pm,Saundra told me that her grandfather was on his way to a rescue center.I let out a huge sigh of ________ I texted Chad at 5:30 pm to see whether he was________I got his word“We are safe now".

I'd been awake for 20 hours but wasn't ________,There was no way I could have ________ right then.I didn't know how police officers, firefighters, 911 workers and EMT s did this every day, but I did know I was grateful beyond measures that they did it.

1.

A．trucks

B．planes

C．boats

D．cars

2.

A．found

B．changed

C．adjusted

D．deleted

3.

A．pictures

B．risks

C．orders

D．calls

4.

A．read

B．work

C．write

D．travel

5.

A．stuck

B．shot

C．hidden

D．locked

6.

A．frequently

B．again

C．slightly

D．instead

7.

A．abroad

B．plainly

C．separately

D．together

8.

A．break through

B．get through

C．point out

D．burst out

9.

A．wandering

B．apologizing

C．lying

D．fighting

10.

A．dropped

B．lost

C．located

D．allowed

11.

A．accuse

B．approve

C．remind

D．warn

12.

A．pain

B．shame

C．relief

D．regret

13.

A．safe

B．sick

C．sleepy

D．terrified

14.

A．anxious

B．shocked

C．conscious

D．tired

15.

A．attained

B．slept

C．bothered

D．negotiated

7 . A very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on October 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.

At least 20 people have been killed, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to escape. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff(东西)—I’m never going to see it again,” Jeff Okrepkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.

The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to California’s economy(经济). They are home to many of the state’s vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂). In 2016, California’s wineries made more than $57 billion.

October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.

1. Why did the fires grow quickly?

A．Most of the fires began in October.	B．12 fires happened at the same time.
C．The state government didn’t do anything.	D．High-speed wind and dry air.

2. How many people have to leave their homes?

A．50,000.

B．200.

C．3,500.

D．20.

3. What is the biggest loss for California’ s economy?

A．Homes have been destroyed.	B．Wineries have been burned.
C．People have to leave their homes.	D．Many people have been injured.

4. What is the cause of the fires?

A．The high-speed wind and dry air.	B．Many fires started at once.
C．October produces the most ruins.	D．The cause is not explained.

8 . Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers.

Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things.

Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources (资源) and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.

Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen（食堂）, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.

1. Why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things?

A．Let their guests be convenient during their travelling.

B．Hope their guests use less disposable things.

C．Wish their guests to save money.

D．Want their guests to use more disposable things.

2. Some Beijing hotels will no longer provide guests with _______.

A．cheap food and drink	B．disposable things
C．good service	D．free TV programmes.

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Many disposable things are made of plastic.

B．Throwing disposable things away is a waste of natural resources.

C．Plastic is very bad for the environment.

D．Plastic breaks down easily.

4. What can we do to make our world a better place at home and school?

A．Use shopping bags made of plastic.

B．Do not throw away paper cups.

C．Use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks.

D．Do not forget to reuse daily necessities（日用品）.

9 . This photograph taken and released on Sep 28, 2018 by Indonesia’s National Agency for Disaster Management shows a house destroyed by a 7.5 magnitude (级) earthquake in the small town Donggala on Sulawesi Island. The quake brought down many buildings while tsunami waves hit into its beachfront. “All the things in my house were shaking and it left a small crack on my wall. Anyway, I survived!” one of the local people Mohammad Fikri said by telephone.

But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction (地基液化), which happens when a powerful quake turns the dry ground into a liquid mire (泥沼) and this totally destroyed several neighborhoods.

The official death reports rose to 1,948, and most of them were in Palu, the center of the Sulawesi Island. Bodies are still being dug out and the numbers from less populated areas are increasing but they seem to have suffered fewer deaths than the city. No one knows how many people are missing, especially in the areas hit by liquefaction, but it could be as high as 5,000, the National Disaster Agency said.

At a Palu middle school, fewer than 50 of its 697 students came. School principal Abdul Rashid said at least four students were killed in the quake. “Classes haven’t started. We’re only collecting data to find out how many students are safe,” he said. One boy chatting in the school with friends said he was disappointed that so few of his classmates had shown up. “I’m still waiting for the Ministry of Education to give us instructions on when to begin classes. For now, I don’t think we’re ready. Many children are so frightened that they need time to calm down.”

The government has collected $37 million to help victims of the earthquake. With the efforts of rescue workers and volunteers, the supply of gas and electricity has been recovered. Ruins would be cleared and areas hit by liquefaction would be turned into parks, gymnasiums and other public spaces, a spokesman said.

1. It can be learned from paragraph 1 that ________.

A．the photo is released by Mohammad Fikri

B．no death was reported in the small town

C．the quake damaged many local buildings

D．Donggala is a town located off the Sulawesi island

2. What caused the most damage in the quake?

A．A power failure.	B．The cutoff of gas supply.
C．Soil liquefaction.	D．The cracks of houses.

3. Which of the following statements about the earthquake is TRUE?

A．Few people in Palu were killed in the quake.

B．People in the countryside suffered more from the hit.

C．Few students showed up because of their disappointment over the school.

D．The government is taking active measures against the disaster.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To make a brief introduction of the damage caused by the tsunami.

B．To give a detailed news report of the Donggala quake.

C．To stress the importance of the rescue work after the quake.

D．To describe the students’ concern for safety at school.

10 . 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Plastic is a huge problem for our planet. It is really     1     (challenge) to get rid of and a lot of it ends up in nature or in the ocean in particular. There, it is a threat     2     our animals and plants.

Now a company from the Netherlands, a small country in western Europe, says that it will use plastic     3     (find) in the ocean to build roads. Volker Wessels     4     (turn) the plastic into building blocks for the roads. They will be like puzzle pieces     5     fit into each other.

Not only will this be good for the environment, but also it will be good for the people who look after roads. If a part of the road     6     (damage), it will be easy to remove it and replace it with another piece. The company says that nearly any type of plastic can be used     7     (make) the road pieces.

Scientists     8     (work) on the project say that they are in the final stages of testing the materials for     9     (safe). They say that the first road built will be     10     bicycle path somewhere in the Netherlands.