1 . We’re encouraged to be nice to other people. However, many people
Simple things we can do every day can help
I’ve found tons of carbon dioxide are sent out by cars every day,
There are many ways for me to help reduce global warming. I often choose public
I also try to
People who are interested can visit the
| A．resolve | B．hurry | C．swear | D．forget |
| A．shut | B．sounded | C．preferred | D．broken |
| A．threat | B．opportunity | C．mystery | D．fantasy |
| A．population | B．solid | C．pollution | D．surface |
| A．increasing | B．recording | C．reducing | D．maintaining |
| A．destroy | B．preserve | C．decorate | D．acknowledge |
| A．quieter | B．hotter | C．better | D．larger |
| A．leading | B．admitting | C．adapting | D．applying |
| A．breath | B．action | C．cover | D．offer |
| A．never | B．so | C．ever | D．even |
| A．transportation | B．space | C．justification | D．entertainment |
| A．produce | B．combine | C．economize | D．employ |
| A．enquired about | B．pulled up | C．cared about | D．built up |
| A．as for | B．thanks to | C．except for | D．regardless of |
| A．absurd | B．annoyed | C．delighted | D．sensitive |
| A．forbid | B．urge | C．warn | D．permit |
| A．profit | B．promise | C．bet | D．difference |
| A．site | B．item | C．channel | D．charity- |
| A．guilty | B．qualified | C．hungry | D．noted |
| A．autonomous | B．digital | C．enormous | D．clean |
2 . Here are four women who made it their life’s mission to make the world a better place through environmental activism.
Greta Thunberg
“I have not accomplished anything. ”This statement was made by Greta Thunberg(17 years old)and it couldn’t be further from the truth. Her dedication to protecting the environmenl for our future generations is all accomplishment on its own. Her ability to resist to adults in power is admirable and continues to push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds.
Peggy Shelmrd
WE ACT for Environmental Justice is an organization that“through advocacy，planning，and research…mobilizes low-income communities to make environmental changes. ”At the helm(掌权)of WE ACT is Peggy Shepard. Her goal is to make sure that sustainable environmental practices are accessible to all，regardless of circumstance.
Rachel Carson
American marine biologist，writer，scientist，and ecologist，Rachel Carson(1907—1964)，was way ahead of her time. She wrote about conservation in the late 1930s and focused on her mission of protecting our oceans.
Julia“Butterfly”Hill
In the late 90s，Julia“Butterfly”Hill spent 738 days living in an ancient redwood，called Luna. This act brought awareness to the immense human threats to Redwood trees. Julia continues to advocate for the environment. “By standing together in unity，solidarity and love，we will heal the wounds in the earth and in each other. We can make a positive difference through our actions. ”
1. What do we know about Greta Thunberg?| A．She has not accomplished anything. |
| B．She seldom tells the truth. |
| C．She faces powerful people bravely to protect environment. |
| D．She shows great respect and admiration to people in power. |
| A．To help poor people to lead a better life. |
| B．To appeal to low-income group to protect our environment. |
| C．To make people aware of the environmental status. |
| D．To control the changes of environment. |
| A．Greta Thunberg. | B．Peggy Shepard. |
| C．Rachel Carson. | D．Julia“Butterfly”Hill. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( A),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线 ，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Hello, everyone! I'm glad to share some idea about garbage classification with you, which was a hot topic these days all over China. To our understanding, we should do whatever we can support it. After all, the earth is home to everyone,and it's our duty to protect the environment voluntary. Garbage classification isn't easy in the beginning, and it's meaningful. By doing so, we can reduce pollution and conserve energy, which will do many good to the recycling of valuable resources. For the sake of our environment and life, we are expecting to learn to sort the rubbish and make it as a habit. Every individual can make the difference and let's bring the brighter future for our planet! Thank you.
4 . The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there’s a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can’t collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can produce more than 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.
Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution.” Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. Only one women’s clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.
1. What has happened during the past five years?| A．Fabric has become much stronger. | B．Plastic pollution has been less serious. |
| C．Many plastic bottles have been reused. | D．Microfibers have been greatly improved. |
| A．It is adding microfibers to the clothes. |
| B．It is worsening environmental problems. |
| C．It is making synthetic clothes last longer. |
| D．It is doing great damage to washing machines. |
| A．It has achieved great success. | B．It hasn’t got anything done. |
| C．It is known to very few people. | D．It is facing some difficulties. |
| A．It’s important to learn to recycle |
| B．It’s never easy to solve pollution problems |
| C．Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution? |
| D．Are human beings moving forward or backward? |
5 . Ryan was 6 years old when a talk by his grade one teacher changed his life. She told the
But WaterCan, a non-profit organization that provides
Since the first well was dug, Ryan's Well Foundation has raised over $800,000 to provide clean water to people in
In the past 18 months, Ryan has
| A．class | B．family | C．street | D．club |
| A．busy | B．hard | C．standard | D．pale |
| A．gradually | B．slowly | C．especially | D．totally |
| A．heal | B．escape | C．jump | D．die |
| A．punish | B．pay | C．educate | D．help |
| A．wall | B．school | C．hope | D．well |
| A．clean | B．drinking | C．hot | D．bottled |
| A．stand up | B．take off | C．give up | D．give in |
| A．stopping | B．designing | C．expanding | D．leaving |
| A．firstly | B．usually | C．only | D．finally |
| A．sent | B．mailed | C．spend | D．saved |
| A．wasted | B．raised | C．discovered | D．stolen |
| A．Asia | B．India | C．Australia | D．Africa |
| A．guided | B．dreamed | C．exploded | D．helped |
| A．travelled | B．come | C．run | D．driven |
| A．discourage | B．force | C．inspire | D．forgive |
| A．way | B．inspection | C．surface | D．age |
| A．wealth | B．common | C．famous | D．talented |
| A．declines | B．insists | C．suggests | D．quarrels |
| A．promise | B．difference | C．break | D．decision |
Household garbage sorting and recycling has become a hot topic in Shanghai because of China’ s first compulsive garbage-separation law
Previously, everything went into one bin, so this change has made many people very
Now thanks to the efforts of
They have applied speech and image recognition technologies
Most of the apps and services, which
7 . A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before.
The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis. The scientists examined waters off the coast of Northern California in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The researchers say they recognized a local of 67 species（ 物种）between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a "marine heat wave". Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months". The 2014-2016 heatwave is thought to be the largest ever recorded. The warn water later moved south toward California.
The warmer water were partly a product of El Niño conditions during the same period, researcher noted. El Niño develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken. This enabled warm water in the western Pacific to move eastward. El Niño often causes ocean temperatures in the area to rise between 2 to 4 degrees Celsius, the study found.
The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south, mainly around Baja California in Mexico. A few were even found north of California, off the state of Oregon. The northward travel of so many different sea creatures was considered "unprecedented"（史无前例的）by the researchers. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs, a sea snail "butterfly" and purple-lined jellyfish. Another unexpected visitor was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had only been found in areas off the coast of Mexico.
Scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for knowing future sea life reactions to warming oceans.
1. What is a marine heat wave according to the passage?| A．An ocean with rough surface. |
| B．A wave with low temperatures. |
| C．A period of warmer ocean surface water. |
| D．A species living in extreme weather. |
| A．Warmer waters. | B．Weakened winds off South America. |
| C．Colder sea surface. | D．Species moving northward. |
| A．To point out that ocean environment becomes worse. |
| B．To suggest that sea creatures need separate living space. |
| C．To prove that many kinds of sea life can adapt to warmer waters. |
| D．To evidence that ocean temperature along California are higher than before. |
| A．The heatwaves disturb the life of many sea creatures. |
| B．The increased temperature benefits many sea creatures. |
| C．Sea life reactions can be valuable to predict future heatwaves. |
| D．The heatwaves cause many unexpected visitors to move southward. |
8 . We human beings haven’t been good friends to animals. For thousands of years, we have been polluting the environment ,making it hard for animals to live on the planet. We have been killing animals for their fur, feathers or meat, or simply because they are dangerous. As a result, many kinds of animals have disappeared forever. Hundreds more are on the endangered list today.
Should we care about animals? Of course we should. If animals of a certain kind all disappear, they will never come back again. Animals are more than just resources of things we need. Every kind of animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying any kind of animal can lead to many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks(鹰)，the corn and grain that the farmers stored were destroyed by rats and mice. Why？Because hawks eat rats and mice. With less and less hawks to keep down their numbers, rats and mice multiplied quickly. And if people kill too many birds, the fields will be bothered with insects. It is because birds eat insects. When there are less and less birds, more and more insects will eat the crops.
Luckily, we’ve realized that we shouldn’t kill animals any more. And people are working hard to save those animals that would disappear soon. The government also passed laws to protect the endangered animals. In fact, quite a few countries have passed such laws. These laws forbid the killing of any kind of animal on the endangered list. We should try our best to protect and save the endangered animals.
1. Why do people kill animals?| A．Animals cause endless trouble. |
| B．They kill animals for something they need. |
| C．Animals destroy their natural balance. |
| D．They kill animals to control their number. |
| A．there are too many rats and mice |
| B．animals are very beautiful and interesting |
| C．animals are good food resources |
| D．every kind of animal is very important in nature |
| A．Killing off one kind of animals would cause some new problems. | B．The endangered animals should be kept away from people. |
| C．People cared much about animals because they relied on them. | D．The number of dangerous animals increased too fast in the past. |
| A．Doubtful | B．Uncaring | C．Optimistic | D．Negative |
9 . Engineers have put a huge garbage collector to gather plastic material in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii, the world's largest spread of garbage, twice the size of the state of Texas.
The Ocean Cleanup organization created the collector. The group's founder, Boyan Slat, an inventor born in 1994, was just 16 when he was moved to clean up the oceans when he was on a dive and saw more plastic bags than fish
Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped floating barrier left San Francisco. Attached to it is a screening skirt that hangs three meters down in the water. The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water. Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier
The cleanup system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices, so the system can communicate its position at all times. That way a support ship can find it every few months to remove the plastic that has been collected.
Shipping containers will hold all the plastic gathered , including bottles and fishing equipment and are expected to be back on land within a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. The free-floating barriers are made to survive extreme weather conditions and damage from continual use. They will stay in the water for twenty years , thus collecting 90% ofthe garbage in the area.
The Ocean Cleanup has received $ 35 million in donations to pay for the project, hoping to put 60 free-floating barriers in the Pacific Ocean by 2020. "It's important to turn off the taps on plastic entering the ocean, but I also think people can do more than one thing at a time to deal with this problem," Slat said.
1. What drove Slat to invent the collector?| A．The interest in invention. |
| B．His failure to dive due to rubbish. |
| C．The sight of too many plastic bags. |
| D．His knowledge ofgarbage in the Pacific Ocean. |
| A．It reaches into the water to collect the plastic. |
| B．It has large containers to produce power. |
| C．It forms barriers to protect sea animals. |
| D．A ship drags it along in the ocean. |
| A．The support ship. |
| B．The floating barrier. |
| C．The plastic to be recycled. |
| D．The position of special devices. |
| A．Sending more collectors into the ocean. |
| B．Inventing more ocean cleanup devices. |
| C．Stopping plastic from entering the ocean. |
| D．Banning the use ofplastic bags in boats. |
10 . More than two thirds of the world’s polar bears will be wiped out by 2050, according to a shocking new study. By then, scientists say, global warming will have melted 42 percent of the Arctic sea ice. By 2100, only a very few of these important creatures will be left.
The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey. The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, which are their main food. Without enough ice, polar bears would be forced to go onto the land, where they are poorly skilled hunters, and would be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time. Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.
The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears, on the ground, from spotter planes and in the lab, using computer models. Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says. They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting. Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an alltime low.
However, not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale. Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy “sportsmen” who want their skins and heads. At least ten international companies offer bearhunting trips.
1. What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage?| A．He is an animal scientist. |
| B．He is a protector of animals working for the US government. |
| C．He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list. |
| D．He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species list. |
| A．Because polar bears can’t catch enough food without ice. |
| B．Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty. |
| C．Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice. |
| D．Because most female bears are used to giving birth under ice. |
| A．there is something wrong with their computers |
| B．polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expected |
| C．their computer models are not as accurate as they expected |
| D．global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic |
