3 . B)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Rescuers brave chill, race against time to save lives

A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday offered Ma Mengke the warmth he     1     (desperate) needed after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province.

The makeshift camp,    2     (locate) at the town square, has 102 tents, each of     3     can accommodate eight to nine people. Ma and 1,000 other residents of the county, whose houses     4     (destroy) or damaged in the quake, spent the night in the tents. They received meal boxes provided by local authorities and beef noodles cooked by volunteers from a private company.

Meanwhile, rescue teams     5     (brave) the winter chill to continue their search for    6     (survivor) The substantial difference between day and night temperatures in Jishishan made the search and rescue operation     7     (challenge).

Wang Duo, a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center, said the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are     8     great risk.

Liu Xuefeng, deputy head of Gansu’s Forest Firefighting Department, said his 200-member team was among     9     first responders. The team arrived in Jishishan county as early as 2 am on Tuesday.

At the local hospitals, doctors also raced against time to save lives. Currently, there are six medical teams comprising over 40 personnel     10     (provide) support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia, while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals.

4 . Nuclear pollution has long been a global concern, with major accidents like those at Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima highlighting the serious health and environmental risks associated with nuclear disasters. These incidents not only caused immediate health issues such as radiation sickness and increased cancer rates but also led to long-term environmental damage and genetic mutations in affected populations. Consequently, nuclear pollution remains a significant worry for governments, academics, and society worldwide.

When nuclear accidents occur near coastlines, the marine environment becomes a key point due to the vital role oceans play in climate regulation, food security, and supporting billions of livelihoods globally. In recent years, escalating threats to marine ecosystems from mounting ocean pollution have spurred increased public awareness of marine environmental protection. Studies have shown that human activities pose a significant threat to marine environments, emphasizing the need for improved environmental governance and measures to address environmental risks.

Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, efforts to cool the reactors by injecting seawater led to the accumulation of a vast amount of nuclear waste within the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant’s water storage tower. Despite attempts to manage this waste, the Japanese government’s decision to discharge nearly 1.26 million tons of nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean over the next 40 years has faced opposition from neighboring countries, Japanese residents, and international environmental organizations.

This discharge poses substantial risks to marine life, fisheries, and human health. Radioactive isotopes (放射性同位素) such as tritium, carbon-14, cobalt-60, and strontium-90 present in the wastewater can accumulate in marine organisms, ultimately affecting human populations through the food chain. Therefore, further research and mitigation measures to address the wide-ranging consequences of nuclear pollution on the environment and human health are urgently needed.

In conclusion, while nuclear power may offer benefits, the potential risks, as highlighted by incidents like Fukushima, underscore the importance of stringent safety measures and thorough consideration of environmental impacts.

1. What are three major nuclear accidents mentioned in the passage?

A．Fukushima, Hiroshima, Nagasaki

B．Chernobyl, Fukushima, Hiroshima

C．Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, Fukushima

D．Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, Nagasaki

2. Why is the marine environment a vital point in the context of nuclear accidents?

A．Because marine life is directly affected by nuclear pollution.

B．Because marine environments are more vulnerable to radiation.

C．Because marine pollution exacerbates the impact of nuclear disasters.

D．Because oceans play a significant role in regulating climate and supporting livelihoods.

3. What is the likely reason for the opposition to discharging nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean?

A．Concerns about potential economic benefits

B．Fear of increased fishing restrictions

C．Possible risks to marine life and human health

D．Lack of available technology for wastewater treatment

4. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A．The potential risks to marine life and human health.

B．The present research and mitigation measures.

C．The environmental and social consequences of nuclear accidents.

D．The opposition from neighboring countries and environmental organizations.

6 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A study shows 176 bird species have been found to build nests with human litter, such as plastic bags and fishing nets.     1     worries the scientists is that such materials can harm chicks and even adult birds. The study     2     (review) research covering almost 35,000 nests and finds that birds use human-made materials in nests on all continents except Antarctica. While such behaviour     3     (observe) as early as in the 1830s, in recent years it has undoubtedly increased.

7 . 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are     1     (vary) causes of water pollution. Large amounts of industrial waste poison the water after they enter water bodies. Moreover, animal and human waste pollutes the water. Water pollution is also caused by     2     (poison) chemicals used in agriculture.

    3     (pollute) water bodies not only do harm to animals and plants; they also have a long-lasting effect     4     humans. For example, in many parts of the world, the poor quality of the local     5     (drink) water gives rise     6     public health problems.

    7     (prevent) further damage     8     water bodies, it is necessary to take some measures. First, we must draw public attention     9    the problem. Second, more strict laws should    10     (pass) to help reduce water pollution. Third, we can volunteer to take part in clean-up activities.

8 . Staying Safe in a Vehicle

Wildfires are common in dry, hot climates, but they can happen anywhere.     1     If you ever find yourself facing the threat of a wildfire, it’s important to know what to do to ensure that you and your family remain safe in a vehicle.

Ensure that you can breathe. Once you’re in a car, you’ll need to ensure that the car is safely sealed from the smoke surrounding you.     2    

Drive if you can. If the vehicle runs and you’re capable of driving it, then do so. But it’s important to drive slowly and keep your headlights on, so that you can see your surroundings and anyone else on the road can see you.     3     If the smoke is too thick to see, it may be safer to park and wait it out.

Remain in the vehicle. If the smoke is too thick to see the road, or if you cannot drive the car for any reason, you should remain in the vehicle.     4     You will be more likely to be injured or killed by leaving the vehicle than you would be if you remained inside.

Know what to expect.     5     Just remember that no matter what happens, if the fire surrounds the car you should not leave the vehicle. The temperature inside the vehicle will increase considerably. Don’t worry- it’s still safer inside the vehicle than outside.

A．Don’t drive through heavy traffic.

B．Don’t drive through heavy smoke.

C．You need to break a window to enter the vehicle.

D．It’s important to know what to expect so that you do not panic.

E．Most wildfires start small, often from human causes, but spread very quickly.

F．This is crucial, since you will otherwise risk passing out from carbon monoxide (一氧化物).

G．You can lie down on the floor of the vehicle and cover yourself with a blanket or coat, if possible.