2 . Have you got any electronic devices hanging around your home that you no longer want or use? Between us, we have millions of bits of unused tech kept in drawers.     1     There are several ways to make the most of our unwanted gadgets（小物件）.

Probably the best cure for our throwaway culture is to fix our broken tech.    2     They can be learned at repair clubs and repair cafés—free meeting places where you'll find tools and materials to help you make any repairs you need. In the UK, the interest in mending our stuff and giving it a new life is reflected by the popularity of a TV series called The Repair Shop, where craftspeople rescue and resurrect（重新使用） items that their owners thought were beyond saving.

    3     Materials used to make them can be extracted and reused in other things. As an example, Elisabeth Ratcliffe from the Royal Society of Chemistry told the BBC: "There are about thirty different elements just in a smartphone, and many of them are very rare." These can be used in touch screens and solar panels. Many of the biggest players in the industry(including Apple and Samsung) will gladly take your old gadgets back and handle them responsibly.    4    

A final choice for your unwanted items is to up-cycle them. You can breathe new life into them by transforming them into valuable pieces or collectable retroitems（复古物品）, which could be sold on.    5     By up-cycling, you contribute to waste reduction and innovation in product reuse.

A．Recycling is another solution.

B．All you need is patience and skills.

C．Another cure is to give them away.

D．However, they don't need to be thrown away.

E．You can have fun in repair clubs and repair cafés.

F．You can make some cash and create needed space in your home.

G．You might even get some cash back when buying their new products.

4 . It’s 4:30 am in a forest where a small group of scarlet macaws (金刚鹦鹉) are waiting for Montoya Santiago.

“Twice a day, I give them rice with beans. When I can, I buy bird food. I do it with lots of love because they are like my children,” says Montoya, who lives in a small village called Mabita, where most of the villagers protect these colorfully feathered birds and the rest of the wildlife surrounding them.

Years ago, Montoya made extra money by selling macaw eggs and babies as pets — not realizing that it would have a detrimental impact on the bird population. When she learned the number of macaws was rapidly declining, Montoya decided to become a protector of the birds. She tried to convince the other villagers to follow in her footsteps.

“They threatened me at first, but I convinced everyone to stop selling the chicks,” says Montoya. “Before 1990, the hunting and sale of wild species was legal in my country and thousands of macaws were killed. In 2010, the population dropped to 100, compared to 500 in 2005.”

Montoya’s work drew the attention of One Earth Conservation based in New York, which decided to provide funds to monitor and strengthen the macaw population with the support of the local villagers. They were paid about $10 per day to take care of the macaws and Montoya was hired to serve as the community’s project director.

“We have similar projects all over the Americas, but the Mabita project is the most successful one because of Montoya’s commitment,” says LoraKim Joyner, founder of One Earth Conservation. “Despite having her own family to feed, including six children and other young relatives, she shared her precious crops with the birds. Not everyone can do that.”

Since the project began, the scarlet macaw population has grown from 100 to 800. However, there is concern that the progress made so far will be rolled back: funding for the community involvement will end the next year.

1. What does the word “detrimental” underlined in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Harmful.

B．Little.

C．Avoidable.

D．Positive.

2. Why did the villagers stop hunting the scarlet macaws?

A．They were paid by an organization.

B．The scarlet macaws had died out.

C．The birds were listed as endangered.

D．They were persuaded by Montoya.

3. What can be inferred from LoraKim Joyner’s words?

A．Montoya is a selfish woman.	B．Montoya’s family is very poor.
C．Montoya is a cruel mother.	D．Montoya is an unsuccessful leader.

4. What is the author worried about?

A．The villagers in Mabita will suffer from hunger.

B．The scarlet macaw population will decline again.

C．One Earth Conservation will run out of money.

D．Montoya will hunt the scarlet macaws very soon.

5 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and     1     (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists     2     (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further     3     (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay.

6 . Tariq Qaiser, an architect, is trying to protect mangroves (红树林). The trees could save Pakistan’s largest city Karachi, sitting on the Arabian Sea, from climate disaster. He comes to Bundal Island several times a week to document the illegal cutting of mangrove trees. Very often, “you can’t hear a single bird because the chain saws are so loud. The trees are cut down illegally for firewood,” he says, shaking his head. Besides, developers clear the mangroves to make room for new buildings.

Karachi has a hot climate, and its concrete buildings and paved roads make it even hotter. Offshore, there are islands where mangroves grow. They could be the key to slowing climate change. Mangrove forests pull carbon dioxide out of the air, holding four times as much of the planet-warming gas as other forests can. They support diverse ecosystems. As sea levels rise with global warming, the trees could play a big role in protecting coastal cities like Karachi from flooding. Karachi’s mangroves are disappearing. But its numbers are rising in other parts of Pakistan. With replanting efforts, the country has tripled (三倍于) its mangrove coverage over the past 30 years.

Qaiser’s work may have worked. Recently, a court in Karachi declared Bundal Island’s mangroves to be protected forests. But unforested parts of the island remain unprotected, and developers want to build there. City officials say this could provide much-needed housing and bring in billions of dollars. They claim that some of that money could be used to plant mangroves in other parts of Pakistan.

Ecologist Rafiul Haq appreciates Qaiser’s “extraordinary work” educating the public about mangroves. But he wishes Qaiser would look at the bigger picture. Only 7% of Pakistan’s mangroves are in Karachi, Haq says. He thinks it’s wrong “to focus on the losses in 7% of the country while ignoring the success in 93%” of it. But Qaiser believes it’s important to protect every bit.

1. What can we say about Karachi’s mangroves?

A．They’re eating into the building land.	B．They’re suffering serious illegal-cutting.
C．They’re mainly being used as firewood.	D．They’re attracting different kinds of birds.

2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning mangrove trees?

A．Their different birthplaces.	B．Their huge diversity.
C．Their bonds with nature.	D．Their rapid growth.

3. What do the Karachi officials want to do?

A．Grow mangroves somewhere else.	B．Build fences to protect mangroves.
C．Circle more mangrove reserves.	D．Use mangroves to make more money.

4. What does Haq think of Qaiser’s work on Karachi’s mangroves?

A．Fruitful.

B．Cost-effective.

C．Inconsistent.

D．One-sided.

7 . The first rule of popular science is to reveal the wonder and mystery of the world. For that reason, Sentient (Picador), written by photographer and wildlife film-maker Jackie Higgins, is my pick of the year. According to my interviews with many readers, I select other four newly-published books in 2022.

Delicious

This book describes how our ancestors hunted and consumed ancient animals such as mammoths, bison, giant camels and many more now-extinct species. The diet of the Clovis peoples of North America was a menu described as “a record of a lost world”. This book explains how our dinners robbed the world of so many large animals. It gives inspiration for how modern humans can be at peace with nature.

The New Climate War

In 1999, Mann published a graph showing the rapid post-industrial rise in global temperatures. Two decades later, his book The New Climate War remains convinced that we can prevent climate change. This book sets out a common-sense approach to carbon pricing and a revision of the Green New Deal. Of course, there are still many people who deny that climate change is even happening.

The Geodesic Dome

Physicist Kate Greene imagines that she spends four months in a geodesic dome in Hawaii, with five other people, to mimic living in a colony on another planet. The story describes the future of our Earth. Kate makes readers cherish the natural environment. “No sunshine on our skin, and no fresh air in our lungs,” Greene turns the frustrations into a moving story.

Florida Scrub-Jay

The birds were once common across the peninsula. But as development over the last 100 years reduced the habitats on which the bird depends, the species became endangered. Mark Walters travels the state to report on the natural history and the current situation of Florida’s flag ship birds. This book can raise people’s awareness of protecting the birds’ habitats.

1. What can we infer about the author from the text?

A．He’s a column journalist.	B．He’s a scientist.
C．He’s a film-maker.	D．He’s a photographer.

2. Which book might be science fiction?

A．Delicious.	B．Florida Scrub-Jay.
C．The Geodesic Dome.	D．The New Climate War.

3. What do the listed books have in common?

A．They have happy endings.	B．They record the natural history.
C．They face doubts from many scientists.	D．They involve the environmental protection.

8 . A country that is carbon neutral is basically no longer giving off, or “emitting”, the dangerous greenhouse gases, simply called “carbon emissions”.

Carbon emissions are closely tied to the burning of “fossil fuels”, like coal, oil, and gas. To become carbon neutral, it’s necessary to stop creating power and heat in ways that pollute, and instead use more “renewable” methods, such as getting energy from the sun, wind, and water. New Zealand already gets about 80% of its energy from renewable sources. From the government’s point of view, to become carbon neutral, that is not enough. So it plans to increase this. Additionally, it aims to begin using more electric cars and trucks. It will also be spending $14. 5 billion to make it easier for people to get around by walking, biking, or using public transportation. Meanwhile, it has a goal of planting 1 billion trees.

Methane (甲烷) is one of the worst greenhouse gases. Surprisingly, methane from cows and sheep makes up about 34% of New Zealand’s polluting gases. However, New Zealand’s plan to go carbon neutral doesn’t cover methane from cows and sheep. It aims to reduce this kind of pollution, too, but not so much. The plan calls for cutting back on the gas by 24% to 47% by 2050. The leader of New Zealand’s Green Party, James Shaw, was responsible for much of the plan. He was clearly successful: it passed 119 votes to 1.

New Zealand has progressed from debating whether climate change is real to discussing what to do about it and is one of the few countries where going carbon neutral has become the law. Scientists say more of this sort of action is still needed right away. A report has been released by 11, 000 scientists, and they believe more countries will face the climate emergency positively. This is the first time that such a large group of scientists have used the word “emergency” to describe climate change.

1. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Planting more trees.	B．Using greener energy.
C．Stopping fossil fuels.	D．Making more vehicles.

2. What can be learnt about New Zealand’s carbon neutral plan?

A．It’s controversial.

B．It’s impractical.

C．It’s imperfect.

D．It’s eventful.

3. What does the author convey about climate change in the last paragraph?

A．Some still do not take it seriously.	B．Many countries don’t doubt about it.
C．The ways have been found to rid it.	D．It might stop being carbon neutral.

4. What’s the text mainly about?

A．Some ways of carbon emissions.	B．Global climate change emergency.
C．New Zealand’s low-carbon lifestyle.	D．New Zealand’s being carbon neutral.

9 . Artists with a Green Message

Chris Jordan

Photographic artist Chris Jordan takes pictures of ordinary objects like bottle caps, light bulbs and aluminum cans and turns them into art by digitally rearranging them to construct one central image. However, it’s the tiny pieces that drive home then environmental message. For example, his 2008 work “Plastic Cups” shows 1 million plastic cups, the number used on airline flights in the U. S. every six hours.

Nele Azevedo

Visual artist Nele Azevedo is best known for her “Melting Men” interventions that she stages in cities across the globe. Azevedo carves thousands of small figures for to watch them melt. Her ice Sculptures are meant to question the role of monuments in cities, but Azevedo says she’s glad her art can also “speak of urgent matters that threaten our existence on this planet.”

Agnes Denes

One of the pioneers of environmental art and conceptual art, Agnes Denes is best known for her land art project, “Wheatfield- A Confrontation.” In May 1982, Denes planted a two-acre wheat field in Manhattan on Battery Park Landfill. The land was cleared of rocks and garbage by hand. Denes harvested more than 1,000 pounds of wheat She says her works are “intended to help the environment and benefit future generations with a meaningful legacy.”

John Fekner

John Fekner is known for his street art and the more than 300 conceptual works. Fekner’s art typically consists of words or symbols spray painted on walls, buildings and other structures that highlight social or environmental issues. His stenciled (用模板印的) message, “Wheels Over Indian Trails, “was painted on the Pulaski Bridge Queens Midtown Tunnel in 1979. It remained there for 11 years until Earth Day 1990，when Fekner painted over it.

1. What kind of art is Chris Jordan known for?

A．Photographic art.	B．Visual art.
C．Conceptual art.	D．Street art.

2. Which works probably reflects the effect of global warmth on our existence?

A．Plastic Cups.	B．Melting Men.
C．Wheatfield-A Confrontation.	D．Wheels Over Indian Trails.

3. Who grew wheat in a landfill?

A．Chris Jordan.	B．Nele Azevedo.
C．Agnes Denes.	D．John Fekner.

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How many people died in a landslide in 2003?

A．About two hundred.

B．Over one thousand.

C．About two thousand.

2. What has the Philippines banned for several years?

A．Growing grass.

B．Cutting down trees.

C．Growing population.

3. What does the speaker advise to protect our environment?

A．Growing more forests.

B．Chopping down the old forests.

C．Getting busy in protecting our country.