1 . Many people like the feeling of the gentle wind in spring . Many like to see the falling leaves dancing in the wind in autumn. But sometimes, when the wind becomes a storm, it can be very destructive.
A series of such storms struck the US last month and caused very serious damage and human pain.
Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.
Predictions are improving. “We’ve gotten better over the years, especially the last few years,” says Phil Klotzback, a scientist at an American university. How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction. “For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right,” Klotzback says.
First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air. As it rises, the vapor（水蒸气）cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation（形成）of a hurricane.
If wind speeds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a “tropical storm”, and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.
Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa. Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.
On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year. About 10 of them get names. There are usually about six hurricanes. Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher.
The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.
1. According to the passage, hurricanes usually ___________.

A．form off the coast of Africa and America

B．hit parts of the world in summer and autumn

C．travel at 40 miles per hour and get its name

D．cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea

2. The underlined word “evaporates” (in Paragraph 5) probably means “___________”.

A．begins to move	B．changes into a gas
C．becomes hot	D．gets lost

3. Which of the following about the information of a hurricane is in the correct order?
a. The ocean water evaporates and goes into the air.
b. Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.
c. The vapor cools.
d. The ocean water is warm enough.
e. The vapor changes back into liquid.
f. This course gives out heat.

A．a, d, e, b, c, f	B．a, b, c, f, d, e
C．d, a, b, c, e, f	D．d, a, c, e, f, b

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．One out of six or seven storms get names.

B．Every year at least 60 storms form off Africa.

C．The speed of the biggest two hurricanes reaches 115miles per hour.

D．About one third of the hurricanes tend to be very big.

2 . Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So the city began a project to improve the situation.

Under the Velib project (‘Velib’ comes from velo liberty, or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it’s only €1 a day or €29 a year! The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all gray and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!

Paris is not the first city to have a project like this. But not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle - they’ll still use their cars.”

A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”

1. What can we learn about the Velib project?

A．Its bikes have no baskets.	B．Its bikes are light and colorful.
C．It aims to make traveling easier.	D．It owns more stations than the subway.

2. If you use a Velib for 1 hour, you should pay       .

A．Free.	B．€1.
C．€29.	D．€30.

3. Why do some people disagree with the Velib project?

A．The cost is rather high.

B．It’s hard to find a Velib station.

C．It’s not suitable for a long journey.

D．The distance between two Velib stations is long.

4. What’s the city spokesman’s attitude towards the bicycle project?

A．Worried.	B．Positive.
C．Uncaring.	D．Doubtful.

3 . No one knows for sure when a fire will happen, so it is     1    (extreme) necessary to make preparations before a fire starts. Check the fire escape equipment in advance and make sure that you can find    2    in the dark when lights have failed. Find out     3    the nearest fire extinguisher(灭火器) is and read the instructions to learn how     4    (use) it.
Don’t lose your head when a fire breaks out. First, telephone the fire department immediately when     5    fire just gets started. Take care not to be overcome by smoke,    6    can kill you quickly. Cover your mouth     7    a wet towel or cloth, and avoid getting into the smoke. Don’t get in an elevator, as you may get trapped if the electricity     8    (fail). If you can not get away     9    yourself, it is of great importance to hang something out of the window to attract attention as a sign of asking for help.
In short, if you make preparations before hand and take precautions(预防措施) during the fire, chances are that     10    will survive in case of a fire if it really breaks out some day.

4 . Alsten Chase has written a book about Yellowstone National Park. He is worried about the damage the fires can do to the park. He is also concerned(关心) about the park rules.
These rules say that nature should decide what happens to the park. Alsten also writes that the elk herd(马鹿群) has grown too big. The elks walk on the riverbanks. They eat the new grass and roots of baby trees. The beavers (河狸) need the trees to build             dams.
The dams raise the water levels. Higher water levels put more water into the soil. Moist soil helps plants grow faster. The plants offer homes and food to other animals.
Chase thinks that the park rules would work only in a park with natural settings. He believes that Yellowstone has had an artificial setting for a long time. The native people left. The wolves were taken away and other animals were removed．The areas             of land were fenced off and other animals added．He thinks the park rules that let herds grow too big and the fires burn are hurting the nature of the park.
The park manager thinks the rules are good and that the park will be fine. Chase thinks the way the people run the park should be changed.
1. In Chase’s opinion, too many elks in the park will ___.

A．cause great fires	B．break the balance of nature
C．destroy the dams	D．do no damage at all

2. Chase thinks that the park is ____.

A．no longer in a natural state	B．still in a natural state
C．well protected	D．well managed

3. After the book by Alsten Chase is published, the park will probably ___.

A．be quickly changed	B．be completely replaced
C．no longer work	D．continue to work

5 . One reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation(砍伐森林) is a blank stare that asks the question, "Since I don't live there, what does it have to do with me?"
The answer is that your way of life, wherever you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruits and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests.
Take rubber（橡胶） for example. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do. Synthetics are not good enough. Today over half the world's commercial（商业的）rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazon's rubber industry produces much of the world's four million tons. And rubber is an important material in making gloves, balloons, footwear and many sporting goods. Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use.
Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect—or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.
Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees. The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet; even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Unbelievable? Maybe. But scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late.
Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? Now, you should have got the answer.
1. The underlined word "synthetics" probably means a kind of __________.

A．natural rubber	B．tropical grass
C．man-made material	D．tropical tree

2. In the last paragraph the author tries to _________.

A．tell people how to avoid the tropical deforestation

B．show us how important it is to protect the tropical forests

C．persuade people to buy something synthetic

D．let people realize the good effect of tropical deforestation

3. The author's attitude towards the tropical deforestation is __________.

A．puzzling	B．cold
C．supporting	D．opposed

6 . In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The _______ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _______ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we _______ a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to _______ an object than to spend time and money to repair it. _______ modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and _______.

Another cause is our _______of disposable (一次性的) products. As _______ people, we are always looking for _______ to save time and make our lives easier. Companies ________ thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also ________ to the problem. We are ________ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that ________ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we ________ useful possessions to make room for new ones.

All around the world, we can see the ________ of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To ________ the amount of rubbish and to protect the ________, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. ________, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.

Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions ________ throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about ________. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

1.

A．key

B．reason

C．project

D．problem

2.

A．gifts

B．rubbish

C．debt

D．products

3.

A．face

B．become

C．observe

D．change

4.

A．hide

B．control

C．replace

D．withdraw

5.

A．Thanks to

B．As to

C．Except for

D．Regardless of

6.

A．safe

B．funny

C．cheap

D．powerful

7.

A．love

B．lack

C．prevention

D．division

8.

A．sensitive

B．kind

C．brave

D．busy

9.

A．ways

B．places

C．jobs

D．friends

10.

A．donate

B．receive

C．produce

D．preserve

11.

A．adapts

B．returns

C．responds

D．contributes

12.

A．tired of

B．addicted to

C．worried about

D．ashamed for

13.

A．newer

B．stronger

C．higher

D．larger

14.

A．pick up

B．pay for

C．hold onto

D．throw away

15.

A．advantages

B．purposes

C．functions

D．consequences

16.

A．show

B．record

C．decrease

D．measure

17.

A．technology

B．environment

C．consumers

D．brands

18.

A．However

B．Otherwise

C．Therefore

D．Meanwhile

19.

A．by

B．in favour of

C．after

D．instead of

20.

A．spending

B．collecting

C．repairing

D．advertising

7 . 最近一段时间我国多个地方出现雾霾天气，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。请你以此为话题，写一篇英语短文，向某英文报投稿。文章应包括以下要点：
1.对生活造成的影响；
2.建议采取的措施。
要求：1.词数100左右；

2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：零霾smog

Recently smog has occurred in many areas of China, _____________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

8 . What are you going to do if you are in a burning house？ How will you escape？ Do you know how to save yourself？ Please read the following passage.
Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save you life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family， such as stairways and fire escapes， but not lifts.
From the lower floors of the buildings， escaping through windows is possible， learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.
The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average person， hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course， it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.
Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked（渗） into the room.
On a second or third floor， the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement（水泥） might end in injury. Bushes（灌木丛） and grass can help to break a fall.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. It is important to _______.

A．put out the fire in the burning house

B．know the ways to escape the fire

C．jump off a burning house

D．keep the door closed

2. It is possible to escape through the windows _______.

A．if there are some bushes on the ground

B．if you are strong enough

C．if you live on a lower floor

D．If you have a long rope

3. Which of the following escaping way is NOT right？ _______.

A．You can escape though stairways.

B．You can choose fire escapes.

C．Escape from the windows that open onto a roof.

D．Use a lift to come down at once.

4. Open the window so that _______ if the building is on fire.

A．you can get fresh air	B．you can call for help
C．you can easily jump off	D．you can be seen first

5. The best title of the passage is _______.

A．Escaping from the Windows

B．Save Yourself in the Burning House

C．Knowledge on Fire

D．Waiting for Help

9 . When Juliet was a child, she often went to the city park and played with her friends. On a sunny morning, when Juliet came to the park with her mum, she looked around and felt very unhappy.
“What’s the matter, dear?” asked her mum.
Juliet replied, “Mum, there’s so much trash on the ground.”
Juliet’s mum looked around. There was paper, boxes and glass bottles everywhere.
“What can we do?” asked Juliet.
“I’m sure you will think of something,” said her mum.
As soon as Juliet and her mum went home, Juliet painted a picture of the park and wrote a sign in large black letters at the top of the picture. The sign read “PLEASE KEEP OUR PARK CLEAN”. Later, she took plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mum. Juliet put up her picture on a big trash can (垃圾桶).
“Will you help me pick up the trash, Mum?” Juliet said as she handed her mum a bag.
“I sure will,” replied her mum.
The children at the park ran over to see what was going on. Juliet handed them each a bag. “Let’s clean this place up,” said Juliet. Then they began to pick up the trash, talking and laughing. Soon all the bags were full.
“We need to come back another day. There’s still some trash on the ground, but the park looks much better,” said Juliet.
Her mum said, “So it does. I knew you would think of a way to help.”
1. Why was Juliet sad?

A．Because the weather was bad.

B．Because she couldn’t find her mum.

C．Because her friends were not at the park.

D．Because there was too much trash at the park.

2. Juliet put up the picture to ______.

A．show off her painting skills

B．give her mum a big surprise

C．encourage people to keep the park clean

D．show people how beautiful the park was

3. From the underlined sentence, we can learn that Juliet’s mum ______.

A．was proud of Juliet

B．was angry with Juliet

C．thought Juliet was lazy

D．thought Juliet was difficult

4. Which of the following is TRUE about the children?

A．They laughed at Juliet.

B．They had an awful and tiring day.

C．They bought some bags from Juliet.

D．They joined Juliet in picking up the trash.

5. What’s the topic of the passage?

A．A cleanup story.

B．Juliet and her mum.

C．A beautiful park.

D．How to protect the environment.

10 . Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.

But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many， many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking” has become part of practices.

Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.

Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.

1. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___.

A．the social movement	B．recycling techniques
C．environmental problems	D．the importance of Earth Day

2. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?

A．The grass –roots level.	B．The business circle.
C．Government officials.	D．University professors.

3. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?

A．They have cut car emissions to the lowest.

B．They have settled their environmental problems.

C．They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.

D．They have reduced pollution through effective measures.

4. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?

A．Education.	B．Planning
C．Green living	D．CO reduction