1 . Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.
Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively? Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed.
“This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG
A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines.
“Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg.
“This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions.
1. Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air?| A．Air quality. | B．Geographical location. | C．The height of plants. | D．The kind of pollutants. |
| A．To compare their shapes. | B．To create a tree collection. |
| C．To figure out what they absorb. | D．To display them on exhibition. |
| A．Fuel vehicle’s. | B．Electric engines. | C．Traffic accidents. | D．Complete burning. |
| A．Decreasing emissions. | B．Planting more conifers. |
| C．Raising public awareness. | D．Designing sustainable cities. |
2 . Can you imagine that there are a huge number of tiny waste pieces in the Arctic (北冰洋的) sea ice? Because of the waste pieces,30,000 kinds of animals are in danger. It’s true that one person’s acts alone can’t help the planet. But each one of us can find ways to make our contributions.
In the home, we could try not to waste foods. Use a digital meal planner to get a right amount of food so that everything we buy and cook gets eaten. Learn how to store foods to keep them fresh longer. Be sure to use proper ways to keep our home warm. For example, we can replace old windows with energy-saving ones.
At the store, we could green our habits. Buy reusable plates, but not single-use ones. Buy home tissue (纸巾) not made of materials which may lead to destruction (破坏) of forests. Buy glass cups instead of paper ones.
In the community, we could help keep its plants healthy. Take part in tree-planting projects or grass-cutting activities to help plants grow well.
Our actions alone can’t save the planet, but the above ways and habits can help.
1. What puts so many animals in danger?| A．Cold ice. | B．Waste pieces. | C．Bad weather. |
| A．To avoid wasting foods. |
| B．To cook delicious foods. |
| C．To keep foods fresh. |
| A．That can be kept long. |
| B．That can be used again. |
| C．That can be thrown away. |
| A．To describe the future of the planet. |
| B．To encourage an environment friendly life. |
| C．To introduce shopping places for green products. |
1．环境污染的现状；
2．环境污染的影响；
3．应对环境污染的措施。
注意：
1．词数100左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇与句型：
1. ……是我的荣幸 It is a great honor for me to...
2. 发表演讲 deliver a speech
3. 随着社会的发展 with the development of society
4. 环境污染 environmental pollution
5. ……变得越来越严重 ...become more and more serious
6. (树)被砍倒 be cut down
7. 排放有害气体 send out harmful gases
8. 影响人们的健康 affect people’s health
9. 城市的进一步发展 the further development of the city
10. 考虑到目前形势 consider the current situation
11. 尽可能多种树 plant trees as many as possible
12. 当地政府 the local government
13. 提升人们环境保护的意识 raise people’s awareness of environmental protection
14. 只有以这样的方式 only in this way
15. 有一个更好的环境 have a better environment
Ladies and gentlemen,
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That’s all for my presentation. Thanks for your listening!
4 . Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”
Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.
The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies.
“It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton.
1. What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph?| A．The desire to lead a sustainable life. |
| B．The good intention to help recycling. |
| C．The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills. |
| D．The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled. |
| A．People are becoming more eco-conscious. |
| B．Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years. |
| C．Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities. |
| D．People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. |
| A．Dispose of electronics together with household waste. |
| B．Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label. |
| C．Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not. |
| D．Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin. |
| A．Recycling: a Big Project | B．Wish-cycling: a New Trend |
| C．Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern | D．Pre-cycling: an Effective Method |
5 . Landslides and earthquakes are even more dangerous now than in the past because around half of the world’s population now live-in cities. Many people in cities and towns in South America and Asia are at risk from landslides. In April 2017,the city of Mocoa in Colombia was hit by a landslide, leaving many dead and injured. A great number of people live at risk from earthquakes too. These have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years.
Most disaster experts believe that things could get a lot worse. Professor Hou Ming of Peking University studies volcanoes. He warns that the world has not seen the worst yet. The worst eruption in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815,in Indonesia. Dust from the volcano rolled across the Earth’s skies. There was no summer in Europe and America the following year. But evidence shows that 73,000 years ago there was a much greater eruption. “It reduced temperatures by maybe 6°C in some places, and the whole planet was sent into winter for years. And there are about two of these events every 100,000 years...”
Why is Mt Tambora mentioned in the text?
| A．To demonstrate the world could get worse. |
| B．To show volcano eruptions have taken many lives. |
| C．To explain a natural disaster by showing an example. |
| D．To describe the worst volcano eruption in human history. |
6 . A restaurant owner’s remarkable act of heroism saved many lives during a storm in Rolling Fork, Mississippi, which destroyed a local restaurant.
Tracy Harden, the owner of Chuck’s Dairy Bar, rushed her staff into a walk-in cooler moments before a tornado hit the establishment on Friday.
Harden spoke to Good Morning America reporter Robin Roberts on Monday alongside two employees, Barbara Pinkins and Carolyn Washington, who were both in the restaurant when the tornado hit.
As the horrible tornado tore through the local area, Harden said she only had a minute of advance notice before it came moving rapidly through the restaurant.
“I got two text messages back-to-back from my sister and my daughter in Vicksburg and they both said, “There’s a tornado down, get to a safe place.’ At the same time I had my teenage cashier came running towards the back of the building saying, ‘My mother is on the phone and she said there is a tornado down here.’ At that point, most of us were towards the back of the building and the lights flickered(闪烁). And I just shouted, ‘Cooler!’ And my husband opened the cooler door and started pushing us in.”
Harden said that once her husband got them all inside, including himself, “he lost control of the door, the wind took the door and somehow he was able to get the door back.”
“Just before it shut, he looked up and he said, ‘I see the sky,’ so that let us know that this was way worse than anything we could have imagined,” she continued. “And the roof was gone.”
Pinkins, meanwhile, recalled the chaos(混乱场面)before the tornado touched the restaurant, as Harden led people to safety. She said she remembered hearing Harden say,“Calm down. Everybody gets to the cooler!”
“By the time we got to the cooler, I couldn’t hear anything but the ceiling falling,” Pinkins said through tears, hugging Harden.
1. Where was Harden when the tornado struck?| A．In Chuck’s Dairy Bar. |
| B．In Vicksburg. |
| C．In Good Morning America station. |
| D．In Robin Roberts’ restaurant. |
| A．It was slow but frightening. |
| B．It was the worst in local history. |
| C．Harden lost her husband because of it. |
| D．Harden received an advance notice about it. |
| A．Ambitious and energetic. |
| B．Brave and calm. |
| C．Optimistic and determined. |
| D．Selfless and tough. |
| A．Methods to Survive a Tornado |
| B．Damage Brought by a Tornado |
| C．Restaurant Owner Saved her Staff from Tornado |
| D．Horrible Tornado Destroyed a Local Restaurant |
1.保护野生动植物的重要性；
2.你校的宣传活动；
3.你的建议。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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8 . YOUR VOICE
Animals in Danger — Take Action!!
Your voice, the school newspaper that gives you your say, is going to take part in supporting wildlife protection, and you will have the opportunity to be part of that. We hope that you will all join in the activity to save nature and help out as much as possible.
On Monday 22, we are going to visit Big Tree Park to adopt (收养) an animal. You will get the chance to see the animals in their natural environment and then we will all decide which animal to choose. There are lots of other things that you can do, including mountain biking and horse riding for those of you who want a bit of exercise. A word of warning, though, remember that you have to be careful around the animals.
Mr. Abbey, an expert on endangered species (濒危物种), is going to give us a talk on what we can do to make a difference to the environment. It will take place at the café at 2:00 pm — don’t be late! We really need you to support our program.
1. What is Your Voice?| A．A lecture. | B．A warning. |
| C．An activity. | D．A school newspaper. |
| A．To call on students to protect animals. |
| B．To ask students to give talks on nature. |
| C．To get students to buy their newspaper. |
| D．To encourage students to do more exercise. |
| A．A poster | B．A diary | C．A letter | D．A guidebook |
A serious tornado struck the town where Peggy Lewis and her husband Harris Lewis lived. The two suffered
When they returned three days later, they saw that their house was
When two volunteers showed up to help the couple dig their way through the mess, she
A few of the treasures inside the book did go missing. But ever slowly and
10 . Our Earth’s oceans contain some of the most valuable resources. As the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions began to rise in popularity, the polluting of the Earth’s oceans did as well, leaving lifelong effects on all of its ecosystems.
Commercial whaling has left several whale species in danger of extinction. The blue whales of the Antarctic have less than one percent of their original numbers. Over 90 percent of plastic isn’t recycled, and a large part of that number finds its way into the ocean and surrounding beaches. The huge amount of plastic damages whales’ existence. Plastic is being eaten by sea life as well as entangling(缠住) them, putting them all at major risk. Without change, our Earth’s oceans will not be able to continue on for much longer.
The Delta Corporation was set up in 1972, later known as Ocean Conservancy. In the beginning years of Ocean Conservancy, its main initiative(倡议) was the Whale Protection Fund. This fund focused on saving the species and protesting against commercial whaling. They gained the support of many.
Ten years later, the International Whaling Commission finally banned commercial whaling. It then changed its focus to not only whales but to seals and sea turtles as well. Though they made great progress with these animals, they came to the conclusion that these animals cannot develop well without a healthy, sustainable environment. The workers of Ocean Conservancy then expanded their focus to the marine ecosystems and habitats.
Ocean Conservancy is one of several organizations working toward a common goal: saving the Earth’s oceans. They have started doing this by creating the Whale Protection movement that still exists. Though they have made significant progress throughout the years, there is still much to be done. Only when the common goal is shared by all groups, governments, and individuals, will real change be made. If successful, the electric bicycle meal program will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.
1. What can we know about the plastic from Paragraph 2?| A．Plastic reduces the population of whales to the least. |
| B．Most of plastic ends up in oceans and sandy beaches. |
| C．Plastic has become part of the sea animals’ diet. |
| D．Recycling plastic is still a big challenge. |
| A．A ban on whaling. |
| B．Its improved concept. |
| C．Its great achievement. |
| D．The public support. |
| A．Quite a few organizations have set their own goals. |
| B．The days of Whale Protection movement are numbered. |
| C．Ocean Conservancy’s work isn’t worth the praise. |
| D．Saving the oceans is the shared responsibility of the whole world. |
| A．Ocean Conservancy’s Target and Development |
| B．Ocean Conservancy’s Contribution to Oceans’ Protecting |
| C．A Solution to the Oceans’ Plastic Problems |
| D．A Step Away from a Healthy Ecosystem |
