Every Wednesday at 7 p.m., a group of runners from different countries gather at a bar in Shanghai before
2 . Have you ever stopped to consider how empty the world would look without trees? Below are five of the top benefits that trees provide.
Trees help you heal faster. Natural environments, including forests, help you reach a more positive state of mind.
Trees reduce air pollution and improve respiratory (呼吸的) health. Trees take in many harmful pollutants from our environment.
Trees provide oxygen. Trees are like the lungs of our Earth. They supply us with oxygen while taking away our carbon dioxide and ask for nothing in return. A single tree can provide enough oxygen for four people.
Trees cool cities. Trees cool things down by offering shade and through evapotranspiration (蒸腾作用).
A.Trees cheer you up! |
B.Trees help reduce the effects of climate change. |
C.This, in turn, affects your overall state of wellness. |
D.In fact, large forests can influence regional weather patterns. |
E.So plant more trees around your home if you want to feel cooler. |
F.And of course, trees also provide plenty of oxygen for birds and other wildlife. |
G.For example, in the US, forests remove 17.4 million tons of pollution per year. |
3 . Earthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earth’s plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault lines, can get stuck , but the plates keep moving.Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, the plates will suddenly move, causing an earthquake.
Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes. The ones that happen before are called foreshocks. The ones that happen after are called aftershocks. Scientists don’t really know if an earthquake is a foreshock until the bigger earthquake occurs.
Shock waves from an earthquake that travel through the ground are called seismic waves (地震波). They are most powerful at the center of the earthquake, but they travel through much of the earth and back to the surface. They move quickly at 20 times the speed of sound.
Scientists use seismic waves to measure how big an earthquake is. They use a device called a seismograph (地震仪) to measure the size of the waves. The size of the waves is called the magnitude.
To tell the strength of an earthquake, scientists use a scale called the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS (it used to be called the Richter Scale). The larger the number on the MMS, the larger the earthquake. You usually won’t even notice an earthquake unless it measures at least a 3 on the MMS.Here are some examples of what may happen depending on the scale:
4.0—Could shake your house as if a large truck were passing close by. Some people may not notice.
5.0—If you are in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle(发出嘎嘎声). Windows may break.
6.0—Items will fall off shelves. Walls in some houses may crack and windows break. Pretty much everyone near the center will feel this one.
7.0—Weaker buildings will collapse and cracks will occur in bridges and on the street.
8.0—Many buildings and bridges fall down. Large cracks in the earth.
9.0 and up—Whole cities flattened and largescale damage.
1. If a 5.0 magnitude earthquake hit your area, what might happen?A.Your house might shake violently. |
B.People might feel no shaking at all. |
C.The family photo may fall off the wall. |
D.There might be cracks everywhere on the street. |
A.It’s still hard to tell foreshocks from main earthquakes. |
B.Scientists can’t exactly measure the strength of an earthquake. |
C.People may ignore foreshocks when an earthquake is not so strong. |
D.The earthquake won’t cause any damage unless it reaches 9.0 MMS. |
A.By listing examples. |
B.By giving explanations. |
C.By making comparisons. |
D.By offering data. |
A.To enrich people’s knowledge of selfrescue in disasters. |
B.To stress the importance of earthquake rescue. |
C.To issue early warnings before an earthquake. |
D.To present facts about the earthquake. |
4 . A powerful magnitude 7.1 earthquake struck southern California on July 5, 2019. This event was widely felt.
Earthquakes are also called temblors.
Scientists give a magnitude rating to earthquakes based on the strength and duration of their seismic (地震的) waves. A magnitude of 3 to 4.9 is considered minor or light; 5 to 6.9 is moderate (中等的) to strong; 7 to 7.9 is major; and 8 or more is great.
A.It is called the “Ring of Fire”. |
B.They can cause huge damage. |
C.Protect yourself as quickly as possible. |
D.In fact, a magnitude 8 quake strikes somewhere every year. |
E.One important way is to try to make your home as safe as possible. |
F.However,the loss of life can be avoided through planning and education. |
G.It caused several fires and damage to buildings and roads in Ridgecrest and nearby. |
Death, suffer, breathe, deliver, damage, strike, bury, shock |
Disasters such as tornadoes, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, hurricanes and earthquakes have come one after another, causing great
Nowadays, more and more wild animals are entering cities. Most of us assume that urban
We should learn to better understand and appreciate our wild neighbours and
In 2016, Shennongjia made
Macquarie Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The green grass and bare rock contrast
Here
First, paper shopping bags are better than plastic ones. In fact, both kinds of bags are bad
However, making a paper bag uses four
Second, when you turn off a device, it stops using power. Electricity continues to leak from the device, even when it
Third, eating local food is good for the environment. In fact,
Fourth, it’s better to take a shower than a bath. Actually, if you spend more than eight minutes in a shower, you’ll use as much water as in a bath—about 50 litres of water.
Environmental awareness is now part of daily life. But it’s worth
Lauren Bath, a photo blogger, has attracted many fans. In 2013, she