1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

We are all aware of the threats our planet is facing. Experts agree that it’s mainly humans     1     are responsible for the destruction of the environment. Activities such as mass farming and burning       2     (harm) our climate now-and we are suffering too through natural     3       (disaster) such as flooding and droughts.

One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is deforestation (砍伐森林). This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s     4     (large) rainforest. Deforestation there     5     (hit) its highest rate in the past decade, according to official data. The result of widespread deforestation has threatened     6     centuries-old way of life. The future of the rainforest could be     7     danger of being damaged.

The amount of deforestation in the Amazon has     8     (actual) seen a decline but the figures are still large. Brazil has taken some steps to try and decrease deforestation by     9    (introduce) government policies including fines for breaking land use regulations. While humans are largely     10     (blame) for the destruction of the rainforest, it seems only humans will tackle this problem and save planet Earth.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country     1    （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over     2     past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is     3     (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice     4     (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water     5     rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased     6     (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total     7     (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government     8     (start) a soil-testing program     9     gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while     10     (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

3 . A sand storm often takes place in the northern China,     1    is a kind of natural disasters. China usually experiences this kind of weather between February and May, while March and April see the most frequent and the     2     (strong) sand storms. It becomes a very important environmental problem. It does lots of harm     3    the society as well as the environment.Firstly, the strong wind destroys soil and plant cover by     4     (bury)fields with sand and dust. Secondly, by leaving too much dust in the air it will     5     (serious) pollute the air. Thirdly, a sand storm will have     6    bad effect on transportation. The dust in the air makes traffic and aircraft movements more difficult. And when the sand buries the roads, the traffic will     7     (block). When plants in the farmland are buried, food supply will lose.

Sand storms are another     8     (punish) nature gives to mankind. We should not only take effective measures     9     (stop) them, but also draw some     10     (lesson) from them. We should not develop the economy (经济) at the cost of the natural environment.

4 . You may like at least some kind of music. But the problem is that, in lots of places, you’re made     1     (hear) somebody else’s choice of music. Say you’ve just landed at an airport, where the background (背景) music may be played loudly. When you are     2     the way to you hotel, there may be another kind of music     3     (switch) on by the taxi driver. Then you go out to dinner and end up in a restaurant,           4     owner thinks music will help make you eat more and spend more. Then a person     5     (play) the violin comes around. This is called the “music wallpaper” and its purpose is to make you consume more. In a word, you find     6     hard to find a quiet public place without music.

Noise pollution may be     7     (harm) to our hearing. It’s also bad for some of our daily     8     (activity).

The fact     9     you can’t see, taste or smell noise may help explain why it has not received as much attention as other kinds of pollution, such as air pollution or water pollution. Many of us fail to realize we     10     (surround) by too much noise. As a result, harm is done to our health without us being aware of it.

5 . No one knows for sure when a fire will happen, so it is     1    (extreme) necessary to make preparations before a fire starts. Check the fire escape equipment in advance and make sure that you can find    2    in the dark when lights have failed. Find out     3    the nearest fire extinguisher(灭火器) is and read the instructions to learn how     4    (use) it.
Don’t lose your head when a fire breaks out. First, telephone the fire department immediately when     5    fire just gets started. Take care not to be overcome by smoke,    6    can kill you quickly. Cover your mouth     7    a wet towel or cloth, and avoid getting into the smoke. Don’t get in an elevator, as you may get trapped if the electricity     8    (fail). If you can not get away     9    yourself, it is of great importance to hang something out of the window to attract attention as a sign of asking for help.
In short, if you make preparations before hand and take precautions(预防措施) during the fire, chances are that     10    will survive in case of a fire if it really breaks out some day.

6 . Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It    1    (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it    2    (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of    3    most outstanding（杰出的）examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days    4    even a few months. It took years of work     5    (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is    6    (clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit    7    is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are    8    (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the    9    (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be     10    (patience).