1 . Don't worry about why the chicken crossed the road—the bigger question is whether it'll make it at all.
When officials began issuing stay-at-home orders to slow the spread of COVID-19, Shilling and his colleagues quickly realized they were witnessing a novel experiment:
The answer is a lot of things, including fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars. In their latest report, the researchers found that driving less has also led to a dramatic decrease in roadkills.
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The team documented about a third fewer kills in the four weeks following shutdowns. If such a slowdown persisted for a year, 27.000 large animals would be saved in just those three states.
People are now returning to the roads as stay-at-home orders are lifted.
| A．What happens when we all start driving way less? |
| B．But Shilling hopes some of the lessons might stick. |
| C．It's a good idea to stay knowledgeable about the risks. |
| D．The idea is that most of the animals died a senseless death. |
| E．It's actually the largest protection action that the U.S. has ever taken. |
| F．In California, the researchers also looked specifically at mountain lions. |
| G．Every year, millions of animals get killed by vehicles in the U.S. |
Thanks for your concern in your letter about the smog which frequent strikes some areas of China. I’m also very worrying about such a terrible weather. It has brought much inconvenience or rather harm to people's health such as road accident, bad coughs and even lung cancers and so on.
It is known to all, good environment comes from careful protection. But we should do what we can protect it. I believe a small step can make a different. Try to drive less and choose air-friendly products. Only when everyone had the environmental awareness can we have a blue sky. Hope to hear from you and share my good ideas.
What do you do when there is an earthquake? Most people would try
I had never felt an earthquake
4 . Pollution’s great effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.
Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle — construction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and removal — than those who construct more regular buildings.
The environmental benefits of green buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity, better air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.
The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials over long distances.
Careful site selection is important to reduce the human effect on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool wind and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small ones.
The green roof is another feature of green buildings that reduce energy use and costs. These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which help to keep heating and cooling costs low, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.
Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy resources such as solar power, hydropower and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the effect on the environment.
1. What is the text mainly about?| A．The necessity of promoting energy efficiency. |
| B．The process of building green buildings. |
| C．The benefits and features of green buildings. |
| D．Green buildings’ effects on the environment. |
| A．produce no waste | B．only use clean energy |
| C．are made of recycled materials | D．use energy and resources more efficiently |
| A．They only rely on solar power for heat and electricity. |
| B．Small ones are less efficient in energy use than larger ones. |
| C．When we are building them the ecosystem has to be considered. |
| D．They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs. |
| A．To fit the surrounding environment well. | B．To keep warm. |
| C．To collect nature water. | D．To lower costs. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The problem of “white pollution” was caused by using plastic is becoming increasingly serious, on which plastic shopping bags play an important role. In China, about three billions plastic shopping bags are consumed every day, that results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution. Lucky, the government has put a nationwide ban on the use of free plastic bags, demand that no stores or supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. The rule will undoubtedly reduce use of plastic bags or promote the awareness of environmental protection. It was highly suggested that everyone turns to cloth bags and shopping baskets.
6 . Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics. Now some state and local governments have passed laws that require citizens to recycle their food waste as well. California and Vermont have statewide laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes. The process of recycling food waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting (堆制肥料).
Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags, and eggshells. Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted. Meat, fish, and dairy food waste cannot be recycled.
According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills (垃圾填埋池), and composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients. When compost is added to the soil in gardens and fields, it helps crops grow.
Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are passing food-waste recycling laws. “Our landfills are far from enough for the creation of new ones is shrinking.” Renee Crowley, a project manager said.
Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they are looking to reduce that percentage. That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste. It is banned from all garbage. There is a fine for people who put it into regular garbage.
Crowley points out that even in cities where food recycling is not a law, there are often places where citizens can drop off their food waste for composting. Many schools and colleges have also started composting programs.
Those who are against food-recycling laws say that the composting process is costly. In addition, it can be difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they don’t have access to outside storage bins. Patti Ferguson from Orange County, California, told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly.
1. What do we know about composting from the text?| A．It is cheap to compost food waste. |
| B．Not all food waste can be reused. |
| C．Not all soil can be composted. |
| D．It is usually processed in empty landfills. |
| A．Ways of keeping nutrients in the soil. |
| B．Ways of reducing the amount of trash. |
| C．Benefits of recycling food waste. |
| D．Examples of different useful nutrients. |
| A．illegal | B．shameful |
| C．required | D．acceptable |
| A．thankful | B．supportive |
| C．uncaring | D．negative |
7 . In an effort to discourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.
The idea of using seaweed（海草） to make eco-friendly water bottles has been around for a few years. Recently, Ari Jonsson took his invention—a water bottle made from red seaweed—to show off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled. As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down, though they would be perfectly safe to eat. Ari Jonsson's bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones.
The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future. Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons. After the success of his spoons, Mr. Pessapaty is ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu. His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste, which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world. It is a product that may take up to 500 years to break down, and recycling companies worldwide are struggling to deal with it.
Aside from the obvious benefits to the environment, this new packaging is also cheap to produce and therefore cheap to buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends. Why not experiment and create your own recipes?
1. Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?| A．To make people's life more convenient. |
| B．To show off their inventive talents. |
| C．To change the way we picnic outside. |
| D．To reduce the amount of plastic waste. |
| A．They can be made at home. |
| B．They are cheap to produce and buy. |
| C．They will hold their shape when they are filled. |
| D．They will break down themselves when empty. |
| A．They are convenient to carry. |
| B．They are safe to eat. |
| C．They can be used for a short time. |
| D．They are heavier than plastics. |
| A．Home-made eatable cutlery is likely to be popular. |
| B． Eatable cutlery will completely replace plastics in the near future. |
| C．No recycling companies can break down plastic waste. |
| D．It's unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home. |
8 . Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many， many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking” has become part of practices.
Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.
Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.
1. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___.| A．the social movement | B．recycling techniques |
| C．environmental problems | D．the importance of Earth Day |
| A．The grass –roots level. | B．The business circle. |
| C．Government officials. | D．University professors. |
| A．They have cut car emissions to the lowest. |
| B．They have settled their environmental problems. |
| C．They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities. |
| D．They have reduced pollution through effective measures. |
| A．Education. | B．Planning |
| C．Green living | D．CO reduction |
