On February 16, 1861, a big earthquake struck Sumatra, an Indonesian island. The earthquake shook the western side of the island,
Recently, though, a team of scientists discovered that another earthquake occurred before this deadly event. According to the record, that earthquake
But silent earthquakes like the one in Sumatra change the game for scientists. These silent earthquakes happen all over
2 . Afroz Shah, a lawyer in Mumbai, hasn’t had a weekend off in four years. But he hasn’t spent this time preparing for
His mission? Saving the world’s oceans from
It’s a calling he found in 2015 after moving to a community in Mumbai called Versova Beach. He had played there as a child and was
“The whole beach was like a
In October 2015, Shah began
For Shah, the work has always been a
He’s now spent 209 weekends on this mission,
“This world talks too much. I think we must talk
A.teaching | B.court | C.housework | D.cleaning |
A.river | B.soil | C.plastic | D.oil |
A.upset | B.excited | C.delighted | D.hesitant |
A.grown | B.changed | C.reserved | D.protected |
A.pure | B.golden | C.shiny | D.visible |
A.carpet | B.curtain | C.painting | D.photograph |
A.temporary | B.permanent | C.ugly | D.pretty |
A.sticks to | B.keeps off | C.gives back | D.ends up |
A.killer | B.cleaner | C.guest | D.decoration |
A.sweeping | B.attacking | C.visiting | D.beautifying |
A.pulling | B.thinking | C.picking | D.looking |
A.came | B.failed | C.went | D.spread |
A.involved | B.lived | C.stuck | D.paid |
A.easy | B.tough | C.personal | D.general |
A.known | B.regarded | C.decided | D.honored |
A.cause | B.case | C.position | D.fame |
A.requiring | B.rejecting | C.inviting | D.inspiring |
A.originally | B.finally | C.politically | D.theoretically |
A.fewer | B.less | C.better | D.worse |
A.honor | B.beauty | C.hope | D.love |
3 . After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations — major food sources (来源) for the wolf — grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers.
As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
1. What is the text mainly about?A.Wildlife research in the United States. |
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area. |
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves. |
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park. |
A.Damage to local ecology. |
B.Preservation of vegetation. |
C.A decline in the park’s income. |
D.An increase in the variety of animals. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Uncaring. | C.Positive. | D.Disapproving. |
4 . For more than 100 million years sea turtles (海龟) have covered huge distances across the world’s oceans, making them among the oldest creatures on the planet. However, they are on the list of endangered species.
Different from some animals like snakes, the sex of the baby sea turtles, called hatchlings , is determined by the environment after fertilization (受精). The temperature of the eggs during a certain period of development is the deciding factor in determining sex, and small changes in temperature can cause very big changes in the sex ratio (比例). Often, eggs at low temperatures (22—27℃) produce males, while eggs at higher temperatures (30℃ and above) produce females. At temperatures in 29℃, which is good for a balanced sex ratio of turtle hatchlings. If temperature reaches 36℃, no hatchlings will be produced.
Climate change has a powerful effect on turtle nesting (筑巢) sites. It changes sand temperatures, which then affects the sex of the hatchlings. Scientists have found that unusually warm temperatures caused by climate change are upsetting the normal ratios, resulting in fewer male hatchlings. The past four hottest summers in Florida have seen only female sea turtles. And an Australian study has shown a similar effect in which 99% of the hatchlings are female.
In addition to rising temperatures, turtles are also facing the threat of too much plastic in the oceans, along with a number of other threats. “Plastic pollution is a problem for turtles as they can mistake plastics for food easily. Even a single piece of plastic can kill a turtle,” Dr Couper, working at the Queensland Museum, said. “We have collected some plastics taken from turtles’ stomachs to show people what kinds of things are showing up on beaches. I want it to be an eye opener.”
1. Which temperature is good for a balanced sex ratio of turtle hatchlings?A.26℃. | B.29℃. | C.31℃. | D.36℃. |
A.Sea turtles will build their nesting sites elsewhere. |
B.Global warming is an extreme threat to sea turtles. |
C.Global warming is much more obvious in Australia. |
D.Over 90% of the turtle hatchlings are female globally. |
A.Turtles do not have enough sources. |
B.Turtles do not have a good sense of smell. |
C.People should clean up beaches more often. |
D.People should raise environmental awareness. |
A.Turtles are also facing the threat of too much plastic in the oceans, along with a number of other threats. |
B.Turtles are also facing the threat of hunting. |
C.Turtles are also facing the threat of losing living places. |
D.Turtles are also facing the threat of hunger. |
5 . The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by S02 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must care about the rise in pollution at the same time.
1. Why is our world becoming much smaller?A.Thanks to the development of science. |
B.Because of the rise in pollution. |
C.Because the earth is being polluted day and night. |
D.Because the earth is blown away by the wind every year. |
A.Rubbish. | B.Water pollution. |
C.Air pollution. | D.Noise pollution. |
A.Because it’s bad for all living things in the world. |
B.Because it makes much noise. |
C.Because it has made our rivers and lakes dirty. |
D.Because it makes us become angry more easily. |
A.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. |
B.The problem of pollution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth. |
C.The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the world population does. |
D.If people could go to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike, it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of S02. |
6 . My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and throwing them in the waste bin. We were a visiting family here, but she was cleaning the sidewalk, which didn’t shock me, nor was I
Our cleanup project began when we drove past an empty field one day and Kai
However, it seems we can never
Now Kai hopes to become a marine biologist to protect sharks one day. She still has many years to
The last time our family was at the beach, we still picked up plastic bottles. Most
A.embarrassed | B.discouraged | C.concerned | D.frightened |
A.apologized | B.confirmed | C.spotted | D.explained |
A.loose | B.magic | C.processed | D.abandoned |
A.trade | B.mistake | C.replace | D.change |
A.pulled over | B.blew up | C.turned down | D.gave in |
A.due to | B.ahead of | C.other than | D.instead of |
A.official | B.serious | C.optional | D.regular |
A.deliver | B.remove | C.track | D.produce |
A.stress | B.comfort | C.anger | D.pride |
A.mess | B.platform | C.court | D.house |
A.scary | B.pleasant | C.historic | D.real |
A.decide | B.struggle | C.survive | D.contribute |
A.safe | B.giant | C.distant | D.sick |
A.personally | B.memorably | C.technically | D.universally |
A.promise | B.threat | C.reminder | D.favor |
1. 露营造成的问题;
2. 爱护环境的倡议。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The environment pollution is more and more seriously today. We have no clean water to drink it because of water pollution. And when trees cut down, some animals disappear. There was more and more dirty smoke in the air. People’s health has been greatly affecting by air, noise and water pollution. Many people have died of disease caused by pollution. In order to live the better life, it’s time for us to protect our world.
Firstly, we shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere. And we should recycle, reduce and reuse things, what saves money and reduces pollution. Use things so long as possible. Don’t use plastic bags. Besides, we must plant more trees and stop people cut them down. We hope our world will be more and more beautiful.
9 . For every goal that Lesein Mutunkei scores, trees get planted. It’s a simple yet effective message that appeals, and leads to a satisfying way of motivating us to promote environmentalism in our own way.
Born in Nairobi, Lesein is in his late teens, and his Trees4Goals is the means with which he intends to make the world greener. It unites two of his passions in life: love of the outdoors and love of football. Lesein enjoyed walking in the forest. He recognised his country was experiencing a serious loss of tree cover. Between 2001 and 2020, Kenya lost an estimated 11% of trees, releasing 176 million tons of CO2.
In a blog post for WWF Kenya, Lesein revealed that, once he started the Trees4Goals initiative, he originally planned to plant one tree per goal. In 2020, he wanted to take his efforts even further. What started as one tree planted per goal mushroomed into 11 trees planted per goal. Explaining the reason behind expanding the tree-planting, he said, “It represents team efforts in football and the contribution by my team. I have planted over 1,000 trees in the last two years.”
While it’s something of an own goal to destroy the forests and jungles providing enormous biodiversity, initiatives like Trees4Goals are an assured way to score an environmentalist hat-trick. Sports such as football are popular with the booming Kenyan population and have the ability to cut through cultural barriers regardless of the countries they are played in. Sports have the power to unify and excite large audiences. Lesein Mutunkei has taken this strategy and scored a winning goal of his own.
Like a seed, best ideas start small and change into something that can become far larger than anticipated. While Lesein continues planting 11 trees per goal, the Kenyan government is aiming to plant 1.8 billion trees to reach a point where 10 per cent of the country is covered by trees. The science behind is clear; a report in 2019 claimed that if 900 million hectares were devoted to additional tree planting of half a trillion trees, the world could offset (抵消) half of all carbon emissions produced since 1960.
1. What gave Lesein the idea of launching the project?A.Release of too much CO2. | B.His dream of motivating others. |
C.His passion for sports and nature. | D.Habit of exercising in the woods. |
A.He created a blog for WWF. | B.He set a higher aim. |
C.He planted one tree for each goal. | D.He extended his work to other teams. |
A.The aim that is intended to achieve. | B.Action that harms one’s own interests. |
C.Pursuit of one’s personal success. | D.The goal that is scored for the opposing team. |
A.United, we win. | B.No pains, no gains. |
C.Love me, love my dog. | D.Small deeds, big difference. |
10 . It was a perfect summer morning on the beach in Rio De Janeiro. A man set up his umbrella and chair near the water and was ready to read his book. Just then, when he looked toward the sea, he noticed a small shape that came out of the water. It slowly made its way out onto the sand and began to flap its wings. It was obviously weak and tired.
When the animal was just a few feet away, the man couldn’t believe his eyes. A penguin(企鹅)? Penguins don’t live in Rio. The man was amazed. He looked around to see if there was anyone else noticing this strange sight.
A jogger soon appeared, followed by another. They stopped and stared. It was clear that the penguin was having trouble breathing. The first jogger looked at the sea and said, “Poor thing, so far away from home.”
The penguin fell to its side. It had swum 2000 miles, trying to find the tiny fish that penguins like to eat. Why did the penguin need to travel so far? Perhaps it was confused (使糊涂) by moving ocean currents (水流) and temperatures—common effects of global (全球的) warming. The penguin needed help. It would not survive on the hot sand.
One of the joggers phoned for help, and soon some firemen arrived. The man was glad that the penguin would soon be safe, although he felt a little sad too.
The event on the beach at Rio happened some time ago. It was only the beginning of penguin migration (迁移) to Brazil. Since that time, hundreds of penguins have appeared on the coasts of Brazil. They come all the way from Patagonia and the Straits of Magellan, southern parts of South America. They land on the sands very tired and hungry, and many of them die. Some are shipped or flown back to colder waters farther south.
Perhaps the experience of the penguins will help us better understand the serious effects of human activities on climathte change and on the condition of our planet.
1. What is the meaning of flap?A.拍打 | B.开心 | C.喜欢 | D.卧倒 |
A.hopeful | B.happy | C.surprised | D.worried |
A.tell us the experience of the penguins |
B.call on us to save the penguins on the beach of Rio |
C.show people in Brazil are friendly to penguins |
D.remind people to mind human activities and protect our planet |
A.Brazil Beach. | B.South American Culture. |
C.Unexpected Guests. | D.Human Activities. |