Global warming is a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature, generally due to the greenhouse effect    1    (cause) by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other pollutants.

Temperatures and sea levels are rising, possibly contributing    2    more storms. The rising has influenced a lot,     3    (result)in a lot of climate problems, and humans are at least partially    4    (blame). Global warming causes climate change,    5    places a serious threat to life on the earth in    6    (vary) forms like widespread flooding and extreme weather. Climate experts    7    (gather) detailed observations of different weather    8    (phenomenon) since the mid-20th and of related influences on climate. Scientists have high confidence    9     global temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come,    10    (large)due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

It is reported that at present a city in Japan has a problem with graffiti(涂鸦). However, it is not the usual type of graffiti with paint from spray cans     1    (use) to write on walls. It is graffiti in sand.

Officials in the city of Tottori are asking tourists to give up     2     (write) messages and drawing pictures in the sand of its giant sand dunes (沙丘). The officials say the graffiti causes damage to the dunes,     3     destroys the pleasure others get in looking at the sand.

More than 3,300 cases of "sand graffiti"     4     (occur) at the tourist spot in the past decade. In January, two overseas tourists were ordered     5     (erase) a 25-meter-long message that read "Happy Birthday Natalie".

The Tottori Sand Dunes are famous throughout Japan     6     their natural beauty. They are the largest and longest sand dunes in the country and form part of     7     scenic coastal park on the sea of Japan coast. The biggest dune is 50 meters high.

The local government wants to improve tourists' understanding of the     8     (important) of the dunes. It will set up much     9     (many) signs in English, Chinese and Korean asking people to respect the dunes. A spokesman said, "We are concerned about whether the rules are     10     (complete) understood, and we want to continue to protect views of the beautiful sand dunes."