1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China drives world renewables capacity addition in 2023

China was the major driving force behind the world’s rapid     1     (expand) of renewable power generation capacity last year, which grew by 50 percent to 510 gigawatts, the International Energy Agency said.

    2     (drive) by rapid growth in China, renewable energy capacity surged globally last year, generating green power faster than at any time during the last few decades. China, which has become     3     dominant force in the field of renewable energy,     4     (see) its position further consolidate in the next five years, as lower costs make utility-scale solar power generation more attractive compared to coal and gas power generation.     5     (additional), China has outlined and clarified regulations for green power certificates,     6     will bring additional income for solar and wind energy developers, and further accelerate its renewable energy development.

China’s installed capacity of renewable energy exceeded 1.45 billion kilowatts in 2023,     7     (account) for more than 50 percent of the country’s total installed power generation capacity. Power generated from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar now accounts for more than 15 percent of China's total electricity consumption.

China has several advantages that others do not possess, including the ability     8     (approve) and build transmission grids and renewable energy projects     9     (efficient) and finance projects more easily thanks    10     policy priorities.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More than 11,000 scientists from 153 countries have sounded the alarm on climate change. In a paper     1     (publish) last week in the journal BioScience, they signed a declaration (声明) stating clearly that planet Earth is facing a climate emergency, saying that if no changes     2     (make), the world will face untold suffering. The evidence that the scientists collected reveals an undeniable truth    3     human activities have been causing global warming from the fast rise of fossil fuel consumption    4     the increase in greenhouse gas emissions (排放) over the past 40 years.

The scientists also gave some instructions to fight against global warming,     5     (propose) six actions to prevent further disasters: stabilizing population     6    (grow) by investing into family-planning services and girls’ education, replacing fossil fuels, cutting the emissions of climate pollutants, eating less meat, restoring and protecting ecosystems, and building     7    carbon-free economy.

The scientists say the climate crisis is     8     (close) related to human activities, so they call on people     9     (change) their life styles. But these measures are comparatively abstract.    10    , it is high time for policymakers to figure out more practical measures that can bring down carbon emissions.

3 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Japan Releases Nuclear Wastewater into the Pacific. How Worried Should We Be?

Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater     1     flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant,     2     (strike) by an earthquake over a decade ago.

Since the accident, over 1.3 million tons of nuclear wastewater     3     (collect), treated, and stored in a tank farm at the plant. That storage space is about to run out, the Japanese government says, leaving no choice other than     4     (begin) dumping the wastewater into the Pacific.

Japan’s discharge plan involves incrementally (递增地) releasing it over the next three decades, although some experts say it could take longer, given the amount still     5     (produce). Some of Japan’s neighbors are criticizing the plan as unilateral and dangerous. On May 15, South Korea’s opposition leader ridiculed Japanese leaders’ claims that the water is safe enough to drink: “    6     it is safe enough to drink, they should use it as drinking water.”

Now, American scientists are raising concerns that marine life and ocean currents could carry harmful radioactive isotopes (同位素) —also called radionuclides—    7     the entire Pacific Ocean.

“It’s a trans-boundary and trans-generational event,” says Robert Richmond, director of the Kewalo Marine Laboratory at the University of Hawaii. “    8     released into the ocean off of Fukushima is not going to stay in one place.”

The radionuclides could be carried by ocean currents, especially the cross-Pacific Kuroshio current. Marine animals that migrate great distances could spread them too. No     9    (worrying) as carriers, Richmond says, are phytoplankton—free-floating organisms that are the basis of the food chain for all marine life and can capture radionuclides from the Fukushima cooling water. When swallowed, those isotopes may “accumulate in a variety of fish, marine mammals, and humans.”

Richmond and Buesseler say that     10     they’ve been allowed access to much of the same data as the IAEA, they remain suspicious. “The root of this problem is that they are moving already with a plan that has not yet shown that it will work,” Buesseler says. “They’re saying, ‘We can make it work. We’ll treat it as many times as it takes.’ If you want to put a nickname on this plan, it’s ‘trust us; we’ll take care of it.’”

4 . 语法填空

My name is Marly. I'm from an Inuit village in the far north of Canada. Our lives are closely connected     1     the natural world of the Arctic.

Though we live in     2    (regularly) houses, we stay in temporary shelters called "igloos" when we go hunting. Igloos are made of snow or ice. On the one hand, they are quite warm inside and building materials can     3    (find) everywhere. But on the other, they can only be kept for around fifty days.

We get our food from the nearby sea. Eating a lot of fish and meat    4    (keep) our bodies strong so that we can fight the cold. But the downside is that the cold weather makes it difficult     5     us to grow enough vegetables and fruit.

It's    6    (absolute) dark here for three months of the year,     7     is the period called "the polar night". So, life can sometimes be boring! But the good thing is, during that time the elders tell us stories about our people. It gives us more time     8    (stay) with our family and friends.

Nowadays, ships bring tourists to the Arctic. The advantage to this is that it brings more money and job    9    (opportunity). But the disadvantage is that our environment is being polluted.

But one thing is for sure: no matter how things change, our traditions will remain     10     important part of our lives.

5 . 语法填空

How can it matter if I leave one little tap running, one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road? And anyway, no one will know.” Of course, it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world. But just think of all the millions of people     1    (say) to themselves: “It doesn’t matter. It’s just me. And, anyway, no one knows.” Millions of gallons of water would     2    (waste); millions of lights would be left on; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped. And all of this would be very     3    (harm).

6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Here is an introduction to an exhibition about green living, whose meaning you     1    (understand) after visiting it. There are four sections in all. The first section focuses on introducing different types     2     pollution, such as water pollution, air pollution, ocean pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution, etc. It is well-known     3     these pollutions may cause various     4     (environment) problems, which in turn affect our health. While the second section     5     (explain) the reason why different types of pollution occur is     6     human activities are mainly responsible for them, the third section provides     7     (solution) to these problems by presenting ways in details. For example, planting trees is a good way     8     (reduce) pollution. In the last section, visitors will learn about how     9     individual can live a green life.     10     (personal), green living is just to protect nature from being destroyed by humans.

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Global biodiversity is now facing wide-ranging and often unprecedented challenges, according to Elizabeth Maruma Mrema. Acting Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, a part of the UN Environment Program.

According to Mrema, China     1    (take) practical measures to promote ecological protection and established many effective mechanisms for green development in the past three decades.

Yunnan boasts     2    (impress) biodiversity. In May, the provincial government released a white paper on its biological diversity, the     3    (one) of its kind in China. According to the document,     4     Yunnan accounts for only 4.1 percent of China’s territorial area, it is home     5     more than 50 percent of the country’s flora and fauna species.     6     important white paper says 90 percent of the ecosystems and 85 percent of the important species in the province have been     7     (effective) protected.

The province has adopted a variety of ways to protect biodiversity, including     8    (improve) its research capabilities, according to Gao Zhengwen, a senior official with the Yunnan Environmental Protection Bureau. Now, the development of biodiversity is getting to a stage     9     scientific and technological breakthroughs have been made in the utilization of biological resources in     10    (industry) with important economic value.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Madagascar is located off the east coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean and is the fourth     1    (large) island in the world. Nine-tenths of the plants in Madagascar aren’t found anywhere else on Earth. Three quarters of the island’s population depends on natural resources     2    (make) a living. As a result of its     3    (rich) in species, as well as the high levels of human threat to the environment, such as logging, hunting and political issues, Madagascar is a big concern of global natural conservation.

Andasibe-Mantadia National Park in eastern Madagascar is one of the most popular protected areas     4     are visited by tourists. Natural-area tourism at Andasibe is well organised, with many local guide associations     5    (have) partnerships with international organisations and 50% of park fees going directly to local communities. Forest loss is a widespread problem in Madagascar, but at Andasibe the forest is valued for its ecological function     6     the profits made from tourism. Andasibe is a wonderful example of     7     conservation and tourism can work together to help local communities and the environment.

Over the past few years, Madagascar, together with     8     support of many international communities such as WWF,     9    (develop) a national system of protected areas like Andasibe. Conservation actions also join hands with economic development measures to address the problems. With these strong partnerships, Madagascar can make a real difference in safeguarding protected areas     10     the benefit of people and wildlife in the future.

9 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The day starts early for Zheng Baogang and his tree-planting team. At about 5 a.m., they are on their way to the site of     1     abandoned mine in Huzhou, Zhejiang province.

Since June, they have been working to restore the land to     2     (it)past natural glory. It is the most difficult reforestation project related to the former coal mines and stone quarries in the area in     3     Zheng has participated. The Huzhou mine was put into operation in the late 1980s     4     it is about 200 metres deep now. Today, the entire site for reclamation(开垦)is more than 200. 000 square metres.

    5     (wear)ropes and straps like mountaineers, Zheng and his team took     6     (step)down the cliff to loosen the compacted(压实的)soil and plant trees or grass seeds every day. In summer, the ground temperature can reach over 40°C, while in winter, it is     7     (extreme)cold.

Although the work is     8     (danger)and laborious, Zheng says it is rewarding to see the brown fields turning green. Estimated to be completed by the end of this month, the project will enter a two-year maintenance period     9     (restore)the area’s greenery.

In the past decade, Zheng     10     (help)with such work at over 60 former sites. Some sites are even reviving parklands.

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wetlands are known as the"kidneys（肾）)of the Earth", providing a variety of ecosystem services such as water conservation and climate regulation and having     1    (remark) carbon capturing(捕捉) ability. They can store 50 times more carbon     2    rain forests do, helping to keep the greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere.

China's wetland     3    (cover) represents nearly 10% of the global total. In China, about 300 million people depend on wetlands     4    survival. Wetlands are vital for the food production of the country.

This year marks     5    30th anniversary of China's joining the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. China has made great efforts to preserve wetlands. Xixi National Wetland Park, lying in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province,     6    (approve) as China's first national wetland park in 2005. Now, there are 901 national wetland parks in China, 90% of     7    are open to the public for free. Among the 43 "international wetland cities", 13     8    (be) in China, the most in the world.

And on June 1, the country's first law     9     (devote) to wetland protection came into effect. The country's goal is     10    (bring) 55% of wetlands under protection by 2025, and become a leader in global wetland conservation and restoration by 2030.