1 . In the United States, farmers who are trying to earn money find the situation difficult to deal with. The United States Department of Agriculture found that more than half of the small farms in California do not make money. But the United Nations reported at least one third of the food is wasted by not selling it out in time.

One California farm family is using social media to change the situation and reduce wasted food. Nick Papadopoulos is the manager of Bloomfield Farms in Sonoma County. He was sad and worried to watch his employees returning from some weekend farmers’ markets with top quality unsold products.

Mr. Papadopoulos said he would find boxes of leaf greens and carrots left in a storehouse. The vegetables would go bad before the next market day. One night, he began thinking about the matter of wasted food when he didn’t know how to deal with 32 cases of broccoli (西兰花). Usually he would give it to chickens and use the rest to make fertilizer (肥料). He thought he shouldn’t let the farm products go to waste.

Then his daughter showed him a book she bought online. Suddenly it hit him that he could offer the food at a low price by advertising it on the farm’s Facebook page on Sunday nights. The deals were open to anyone using the social media website. In the first week, some neighbors came to his home to buy the vegetables. Another week, the buyers were a group of friends. And now many people wait to buy his cheap products.

After his success, Mr. Papadopoulos helped to set up a website called cropmobster. com, which is a place where people deal with food production at low prices, feeding the hungry. Since March, the website has stopped more than 20, 000 kilograms of food from going to waste.

1. According to the United Nations, much food is wasted mainly because          .

A．there is too much food	B．the food can’t be sold out
C．the food isn’t of good quality	D．the prices of the food are high

2. Where did Nick’s farm products use to be sold?

A．On weekend markets.	B．On a food website.
C．In the supermarkets.	D．Beside his farms.

3. How did Nick deal with his unsold farm products in the past?

A．Gave them to the poor.

B．Sold them at lower prices.

C．Put them in a storehouse for the next chance.

D．Gave them to chickens and turned them into fertilizer

4. What does cropmobster. com mainly deal with?

A．Improving the farm products.

B．Improving the farmers’ incomes.

C．Providing cheap food for the poor.

D．Helping farmers sell out farm products.

2 . Be a Green Guest

When people take a vacation, they often take vacation from responsibility, too. Our behavior at hotels is one of the biggest problems. We have our linens（纺织品）washed daily for us, and are provided with an endless stream of hot water—what's not to love about that? But all of this luxury equals serious consequences for the environment.     1     They offer programs and facilities that save water and energy. That's a good start, but there is a lot more you can do to cut down the amount of waste produced wherever.

•     2    

In America alone, there are about 50,000 hotels. Now think if hotel management leaves out two small bottles for each hotel room every day, that's a huge amount of little plastic bottles that may not even get recycled. And what about all of that shampoo when you don't finish the bottle? A better way is to bring your own shampoo from home.

•Turn off the lights.

You do it when you're at home, right? Do it at the hotel, too. Studies have shown that, in hotels, the majority of energy spent through lighting comes from the bathroom light being left on for more than one hour!     3     , remember to hit the switch!

•Don't have your sheets or towels washed every day.

Sure, it's a luxury to have linens and towels. cleaned every day, but that's all it is. Washing a set of bed sheets and a pair of bathroom towels requires about 12-16 gallons of water. See if there is a policy for requesting that your towels and linens get washed weekly. In some hotels, it's as simple as hanging towels back up on a hook.     4     .

These tips are also useful for trips to a friend's or relative's house.     5     They will also save your hosts a lot of money.

A．Think about bathroom facilities

B．Just say "no" to hotel shampoos

C．When you're using the bathroom

D．After you're done with your business

E．They will save plastic, water, and electricity

F．More and more hotels are becoming eco-friendly

G．In others, you may ask the front desk for a personal request

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dave comes from a rich family. He is a friend of     1     (I). His parents always give him lots of pocket money. But Dave thinks his parents work very hard and that     2     is not easy for them to make money so what he does is     3     (save) more money. He has some good ways to do it.

Dave likes reading and he has lots of books. He tells me he often buys     4     (book) online, because they’re less expensive. And when he has free time, he often goes to bookstores or libraries to do some reading.

Dave has a bike. He usually goes to school by bike instead of     5     (take) a bus. Sometimes when it rains or snows, he walks. These two ways help Dave keep     6     (health) and save some money.

Dave brings a bottle of water to school every day. When other students drink juice, he     7     (enjoy) his water. He thinks water is the     8     (cheap) yet the best drink.

Some students think Dave is mean.     9     Dave doesn’t care at all. “Our parents almost pay for everything for us. We shouldn’t waste money buying things     10     are not needed,” says Dave.

4 . Apples, oranges and other fruit should be kept in the fridge to last long, new supermarket labels (标签) will say, in a move which could tell the end of the traditional fruit bowl. The labels will form part of the government-backed guidance to help customers bring down the amount of food they throw by changing advice on packs of supermarket food.

Under the plan supermarkets will introduce a new “Little Blue Fridge” sign for food which should be kept chilled (冷藏), or benefit from being kept in the fridge to prevent it going off. The sign will appear on much food which is not usually kept in the fridge. For example, the Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) pointed out that apples, oranges and pear, which are usually kept in a fruit bowl, should in fact be stored in the fridge.

Dr. Andrew Parry, a Special Advisor at WRAP, said, “Most fresh fruit and vegetables will keep fresher for longer if kept in their packaging and in the fridge. Generally a good way to manage fruit at home is to take out enough into the fruit bowl-if you prefer it at room temperature, but use your fridge as cold storage for the rest. This will give you more time to enjoy your food, and help cut down on waste.”

Environment Minister Therese Coffey said, “We know that confusing labels can lead to food waste by suggesting that esculent items need to be thrown away sooner. This new guidance will make packaging much clearer for customers, saving them money and cutting waste. I encourage all food businesses, large and small, to use this guidance to help them put the right date mark on food and help to guide people on the freezing products, which are key to cutting down on the amount of eatable food thrown away.”

Heather Hancock, Chairman of the Food Standards Agency, said, “I think this clear guidance can help deal with food waste, without damaging the safety of food. It will help businesses supply food that is properly described and stored, and safely provided to consumers.”

1. Which is in line with the goal of the government-backed guidance?

A．Encouraging business.	B．Lowering goods prices.
C．Cutting down on waste.	D．Improving product quality.

2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “esculent” in paragraph 4?

A．Eatable.

B．Bad.

C．Fresh.

D．Packaged.

3. What's Heather Hancock's attitude towards the government-backed guidance?

A．Doubtful.

B．Tolerant.

C．Positive.

D．Disappointed.

4. Which can be the best title for the text?

A．The Clearer Label Plan to Reduce Food Waste.

B．The Disadvantages of Confusing Labels on the Food.

C．The New Ways to Keep Fruit and Vegetables Fresh.

D．The End of the Traditional Fruit Bowl.