6 . One thing that sets humans apart from other members of the animal kingdom is our tendency to develop customs and traditions. Here are some astonishing customs from around the world.
An odd custom associated with the United States is its complicated tipping culture. Unlike many other countries that don’t tip at all or that only tip in small amounts when the food is particularly good, tipping is actually mandatory at most restaurants in the US. To put it another way, customers have a duty to leave between 10-20 percent of the bill in tips. Wait staff rely on these tips for a living because legal wages for waiters are low. Furthermore, there are rules for tipping bartenders, delivery people and other service personnel. While some criticize this practice as irrational, there’s no doubt that tipping culture in the US gives an incentive for waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
Some countries find the act of pointing with the index finger to be rude. While members of most cultures would probably agree that pointing fingers, both literally and figuratively, isn’t exactly the nicest thing in the world, in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, this gesture can be seen as incredibly offensive. Instead, it is customary to gesture towards things with the thumb as this is seen as a more polite option. In many countries in Africa, pointing is reserved for inanimate objects only, not people.
Most societies around the world have rules about table manners. For western cultures, noisily consuming food is considered rude. In Japan, however, making slurping(啧啧响的)sounds while eating has an entirely different meaning. This might have something to do with the fact that in western countries, noodles are properly consumed by twirling(缠绕)them on a spoon before putting them in the mouth. Meanwhile, the Japanese simply slurp up their noodles without contorting them first, an act that is naturally noisier than the former. Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you’re rely enjoying them. Some scientists even argue slurping invites air into the mouth and actually enhances the noodles’ flavor.
1. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph2 probably mean?
| A．Required by tradition. | B．Highly spoken of. |
| C．Changeable over time. | D．Popular among people. |
2. What does the author think of tipping?
| A．It is totally unreasonable. | B．It must follow a fixed standard. |
| C．It can improve the quality of service. | D．It should only target waiters and waitresses. |
3. Which practice is acceptable according to the text?
| A．Skipping tipping in the USA. | B．Twirling noodles on a spoon in Africa. |
| C．Pointing with the index finger in Indonesia. | D．Making sounds while eating noodles in Japan. |
4. Where is this text probably taken from?
| A．A research paper. | B．A travel brochure. |
| C．An online advertisement. | D．A popular magazine. |
