1 . With the drugs that she created, Getrade Elion achieved her life’s mission: to relieving human suffering. Beyond the individual drugs she discovered, she pioneered a now, more scientific approach to drug development that forever changed medical research.

When she was 15, Elion’s grandfather died from cancer painfully. The experience decided her career path. At age 19, with a degree in chemistry, she looked for work. She took jobs as a secretary, a chemistry teacher, and an unpaid worker in a lab. Finally, in 1944, Elion found the job of her dreams, assisting George Hitchings at Burroughs Wellcome, a drug company.

Hitchings and Elion gave up the traditional trial-and-error approach to drug development, in favor of a scientific approach. Starting from the understanding that all cells require nucleic acid (核酸) to reproduce, they reasoned that rapidly growing bacteria (细菌) require even more to keep the pace of growth. Find a way to disrupt (扰乱) their life cycle, and you find a way to stop disease.

Elion’s first major discovery was a substance that disrupts the formation of leukaemia cells. But the effect failed to last long. Elion determined to find a way to make the effects of her drug last longer.

Elion’s final major breakthrough was in the development of the drug acyclovir. Scientists doubted that drugs could be invented to fight viruses: any substance that would kill a virus would be poisonous to the body. However, through tireless efforts, the drug Elion’s team developed could be used to fight many diseases. Elion’s name appears on 45 patents for life-saving and life-changing drugs.

Though her individual discoveries were significant, when Elion received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1988, it wasn’t for one particular drug — it was for a new, more reasonable approach to drug development. As a result, although she died in 1999 at the age of 81, Gertrude Elion is still saving lives.

1. What inspired Elion to go into medical research?

A．Her grandfather’s death.	B．Her teaching experience.
C．A drug company’s influence.	D．George Hitching’s encouragement.

2. What was the key to stopping disease according to Elion?

A．Finding a poisonous substance to kill viruses.

B．Quickening the speed of growth of all cells.

C．Preventing the formation of bacteria.

D．Removing tissues attacked by bacteria.

3. What did other scientists think of the drug acyclovir at first?

A．It should be put into use immediately.

B．It might be harmful to human bodies.

C．It could only have short-term effects.

D．It could be used to fight many diseases

4. Why did Elion win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?

A．She pioneered a new way of developing drugs.

B．She discovered a life-saving drug.

C．She obtained 45 patents.

D．She adopted a trial-and-error approach in medical research

2 . 用方框中词语的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词语只能用一次（每组有一个多余的选项）。

reject,             convince,             make sense,             used to,             get used to,             ambition

1. He has changed a great deal, so we’re not as close as we ____________ be.
2. She is an intelligent and ____________ woman who is determined to get on in the world.
3. Her arguments couldn’t ____________ everyone, but changes were made.
4. Don’t worry. You ____________ the weather here soon.
5. It ____________ to save money while you can.

3 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提不间的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式項空。

Captain Ben Faweet has bought an unusual taxi—a small Swiss areoplane. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. The most surprising thing about it is that it can land anywhere. Captain Faweett’s first passenger was a doctor     1     flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the mountains. Since then, Fawceut     2     (fly) passengers to many unusual places. Recently, Captain Fawcet has just refused a strange request     3     a businessman. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, but Captain Fawcett did not take him     4     the trip was too dangerous.

4 . 用所给单词的适当形式完成句子

conclude             gradual             commit             equality                    convince

1. Tu Youyou is a/an_______ and patient scientist.
2. We haven’t drawn a /an _________ until the meeting ended.
3. His speech was so _________ that almost all the students agreed to his viewpoint.
4. It is estimated that ________ between countries will be worse in this technology age.
5. Following this, he_______ became famous throughout the world.

5 . 选词填空

consumption             shortage             reality             objective       remarkable

1. After overcoming numerous difficulties, she turned her dream into________.
2. Seeing farmers often had a serious food ________ Yuan Longing decided to study agriculture.
3. The team planned a project with the _________of boosting rice output.
4. Gas and oil _________ always increases in cold weather.
5. She was awarded the prize for her ________ achievement.

6 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提不间的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空自处用括号内所给词的正确形式項空。

I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day,     1     nearly drives me mad. The airport was built years ago,     2     for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house     3     (knock) down one day. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.

7 . 词义匹配

A. 试验 B. 格式 C. 理由 D. 差异

1. form________________
2. ground________________
3. variation________________
4. trial________________

8 . 用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次（每组有一个多余的选项）。

comfort; absorb; subject; track down; locate; result in

1. Chess can be an extremely ____________ game.
2. We know that taste in art is a（n）____________ matter.
3. The college is ____________ at the foot of the mountain.
4. While exercise is beneficial for the human body, too much may ____________ injuries.
5. He is not good at socializing. He’s more ____________ with computers than with people.

9 . 词义匹配

A. 毕业证书 B. 间隔 C. 优势 D. 重力

1. gravity________________
2. edge________________
3. diploma________________
4. interval________________

10 . 词义匹配

A.抵抗 B. 禁闭 C. 探讨 D. 担任主演

1. confine________________
2. resist________________
3. feature________________
4. explore________________