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2 . Back in 1973, out of concern that many of American native plants and animals were in danger of extinction, Congress passed the Endangered Species Act. The law allows the government to decide species as either “endangered” or “threatened”. Once plants and animals are on the list, they can’t be harmed or harvested, and their living places can’t be changed or damaged in a way that kills, injures or weakens their ability to breed (繁殖), feed or perform other functions necessary for existence.
While environmentalists have thought the law is of great importance in history, mining and the agribusiness (农业综合企业) interests don’t think so. They argue that when an endangered animal is found on public land, the use of the land is strictly controlled, which can prevent farming, and other business use of the land. So, the recent US government has sought to change the way that the law is applied to reduce what it considers overprotection for threatened species.
But a study published in the journal PLOS ONE in January revealed that researchers looked at 31 different populations of ocean animals, and that they found that 78 percent of the mammals (哺乳动物) and 75 percent of the turtles increased their population size after receiving protection under the Act. What was even more impressive was that the number of Hawaiian humpback whales increased from just 800 in 1979 to more than 10,000 in 2005.
“We should celebrate the Act’s track record of reducing the harm from water pollution, overfishing, beach habitat loss and killing. Humans often destroy ocean ecosystems(生态系统), but our study shows that with strong laws and careful administration, we can also help them make a comeback.” said Shaye Wolf, a researcher of the Center for Biological Diversity in Tucson, Arizona.
1. What can we know about the Endangered Species Act in Paragraph 1?| A．It mainly focuses on protecting ocean species. |
| B．It covers almost all the details of wildlife protection. |
| C．It encourages people to raise wildlife in a careful way. |
| D．It asks the whole world to work together to protect wildlife. |
| A．The Act has limited the economic benefits of land. |
| B．Some land has got polluted due to the Act. |
| C．Some states refuse to follow the Act. |
| D．The Act fails to save enough endangered species. |
| A．Quite a lot of ocean animals’ population is still worrying. |
| B．The government failed to put some rare species on the list. |
| C．The Act turned out to be effective for ocean animal protection. |
| D．Whales benefit most from the Act after receiving protection. |
| A．More strict rules should be added to the Act. |
| B．Overfishing is the main threat to ocean animals. |
| C．The damage caused by human activities to the ecosystem is unavoidable. |
| D．Proper laws play a powerful role in environmental protection. |
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