Qimin Yaoshu is the most completely preserved of the ancient Chinese agricultural texts. It     1    (write) by the Northern Wei Dynasty official Jia Sixie. The book is believed to have been completed in the     2    (two) year of Wu Ding of Eastern Wei, 544 C.E., while another account gives the     3    (complete) between 533 and 544 C.E.

The text of the book is divided into 10 volumes and 92 chapters, and     4    (comprehensive) records 1,500-year-old agricultural science and technology in the north of China. The book quoted (引用) nearly 200 ancient     5    (source). Since the publication of the book,     6    (history) Chinese governments have long attached great importance     7     it. Since the book spread overseas, it has been considered a classic text     8    (study) changes in species. When Charles Darwin was researching the theory of evolution, he made reference to (参考) an Encyclopedia of Ancient China,     9     is said to be the book Qimin Yaoshu. The book’s name “Qí mín yào shù” can be explained as either “techniques by which common people make their livelihood”     10     “techniques to harness (利用) the people’s livelihood”.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In China, even for the most accomplished chefs, cooking     1     (involve) improvising with the ingredients (原料) on hand: feel and taste. For the Chinese, the idea of exact time and amounts in cooking is an alien concept. In fact, times and measuring cups won’t     2     (find) in a traditional Chinese kitchen. Nor will a Chinese cook asked     3     he or she makes a particular dish respond with clear     4     (quantity) of ingredients and an exact cooking time, for such concrete instructions are almost nonexistent in the world of Chinese cuisine.

    5     (make) Chinese food can be very time consuming. One reason is     6     the preparation before the actual cooking takes time, as ingredients for the same dish are     7     (typical) cut into uniform shapes, and preferably into bite-sized pieces. Chinese cooking employs different methods according to the nature of the ingredients, the     8     (long) of cooking time, and the degree of heat. The major emphasis, though, is on enhancing the natural flavor of ingredients, as well as retaining nutrients.

Almost every Chinese kitchen has     9     bamboo steamer. In this method, food s are put in the steamer above boiling water. This technique preserves the colors, flavors, and nutrients of the food. A good cook knows which techniques to use     10     (combine) the natural flavors of the ingredients for the best taste and nutrition.

China has the     1     (large) network of high-speed railways in the world. As of 2022 it encompassed(包含) over 40, 000 kilometres (25, 000 miles) of high-speed rail or over two-thirds     2     the world’s total. It is also the world’s busiest with an annual ridership of over 1.44 billion in 2016     3     2.01 billion in 2018 more than 60% of total passenger rail volume. By the end of 2018, the cumulative(累计的)number of passengers     4     (deliver) by high-speed railway trains was reported     5     (be)over 9 billion. According to Railway Gazette International, select trains from Beijing South to Nanjing South on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway have the highest average operating speed at 317. 7 km/h as of July 2019.

The improved     6     (mobile)and interconnectivity created by these new high-speed rail lines have generated     7     entirely new high-speed commuter(通勤者)market around some urban     8     (area). For example, commutes via(通过) high-speed rail between Beijing and     9     (surround) cities have become     10     (increase)common.

Traditional Chinese Ink Painting

Traditional Chinese ink painting, also known as brush painting or shui mo hua,     1    (be) an art form that has a long-standing history in Chinese culture. It is characterized by     2     use of black ink and fine brushwork to portray scenes from nature.

Often associated    3     the concept of balance and harmony, ink painting requires precision and     4    (patient),     5    (demand) thorough brush control and a deep understanding of composition by minimal brushwork. Such is the essence captured by artists     6     it allows for the viewers’ imagination to fill in the details themselves.

The subjects     7    (present) in Chinese ink painting cover a wide range of natural elements, ranging from majestic mountains and     8    (flow) rivers to delicate flowers and graceful birds. Certain techniques     9    (employ) to create depth and visual interest based on them,     10     normally include the use of shading, texture, etc.

Above all, Chinese traditional ink painting showcases the timeless beauty of nature and embodies the profound artistic expression of the traditional Chinese culture.

Arts and crafts have a way of reinventing themselves. Take embroidery(刺绣) for instance, it was within the last five years     1     it has exploded thanks to talented makers that inspire people on social media. Paper quilling(衍纸纸艺) has had     2     similar rise. The last several years     3     (see) artists returning to the craft dating back to centuries ago.

Like many forms of craft, paper quilling can trace     4     (it) origins back hundreds of years to at least the 15th century. French and Italian nuns are believed     5     (create) it. In addition to embroidery, it     6     (consider) “proper pastime” for young women and was taught in boarding schools.

Quilling is the art of handmaking and arranging small strips of paper into detailed designs.     7     (depend) on the desired shape and appearance, it can be rolled, looped, twisted, and curled. Glue is used to secure the paper strips into place.

Paper quilling is a decorative art and is known     8     works like fancy flourishes and florals. Because of this reputation, it’s     9     (common) used on things like greeting cards, boxes, jewelry, and more. But with its recent surge in     10     (popular), it’s also seen in advertising campaigns and pieces you might find in an art gallery.

Located in Guangxi, Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge is a famous and special bridge in China. A wind and rain bridge is a roof-covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions (亭子)     1     (shape) like palaces. It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them     2    (meet) and rest.

The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge,     3     design makes it an outstanding example of its type, has three floor levels,     4    (contain) five pavilions and a platform at either end. The bridge is supported by stone piers (石墩). It’s over 60 meters long, 3 meters wide and the.     5    (high) above the river is about 10 meters. The upper structure is carefully designed with towers standing on each stone pier. It’s made almost     6    (entire) of wood and the long and wide roof is covered with beautiful materials.

The bridge, also known as Chengyang Yongji Bridge,     7     (construct) by the talented local workmen in    8     early 1900s to link local villages across the river. The workmen enabled the many wooden pieces to be joined closely together without using nails. And they’d decorated the very     9    (value) bridge with brightly-colored lifelike carvings     10     paintings.

The city of Zibo has never seen so many visitors.

As the sun begins to set, the aroma of sizzling meat falls the air and draws in more     1     (hunger) customers. On each street, queues stretch outside restaurants for more than a hundred meters. Some restaurants even run out of key ingredients as early as 7p.m.     2     the night. All hotels are also operating at full capacity.

The city was barely known by outsiders     3     it went viral on Chinese social media platforms recently. Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms,     4     (attract) even more visitors.

Zibo- style barbecue’s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread, which,     5     (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合). The fame of Zibo barbecue used to be limited to just Shandong Province.     6     (previous), barbecue in Northeast China was much more popular across the country.

Behind Zibo’s sudden fame     7     (be) the efforts and services of the local government, as well as a good reputation of local businesses,     8     receive favorable reviews from visitors who share their experiences online.

To promote Zibo-style barbecue, Zibo has launched two dozen “special barbecue trains,” where local tourism officials would serve tourists     9     (they). At the city’s train station, shuttle buses transport tourists to various barbecue stalls directly. Netizens joke that the high-speed trains     10     (pack) with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.

Three Chinese astronauts aboard the Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship returned to Earth safely on Sunday and were loudly cheered in     1    (recognize) of their outstanding performance and commitment. They were reported     2    (accomplish) many “firsts” during their six-month space station mission.

The three astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe were all in good physical condition, and the Shenzhou-14 manned mission was     3    complete success, the China Manned Space Agency announced. The spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on June 5, since     4    the crew have stayed in the Tiangong space station.     5    (orbit) 400 kilometers above the Earth for several months, they completed multiple tasks during their mission.

The Shenzhou-14 astronauts helped accomplish many “firsts” in China’s space history, including the first rendezvous and docking between two 20-tonne-level spacecraft and the first in-orbit transposition of a space station module.

They are the first crew     6    (enter) the space station’s two lab modules, and they set a record of making three spacewalks on a single flight mission. “It is the success in conducting spacewalks by using a new hatch (舱门) and a new small robotic arm that has us walking     7    air, lost in the glory of the moment.” Liu Yang said     8    (excite).

The trio conducted an in-orbit rotation (对接) with the Shenzhou-15 crew, a     9    (history) gathering that added the workforce at the in-orbit space station to six for the first time. Previously, there     10    (be) at most three Chinese astronauts in space at a time.

Ever since he was born in 1990 in Xizhuang village, Shanxi province, Jia Jinhui’s life has been closely associated with stone carving,     1     unique handicraft of China.

Jiangzhou stone carving     2     (date) back to at least 1,000 years ago, and Xizhuang has carefully preserved the tradition. Unlike other forms of stone carving, the Jiangzhou method is a comprehensive art that includes sculpture, painting, calligraphy, seal cutting and modeling.

After     3     (graduate) from junior middle school in 2006, Jia joined his elders to help develop the family business. He also spent a lot of time reading about traditional stone carving and art to improve his skills. In just a few years, his efforts paid off,     4     his pieces well-received at cultural exhibitions across the province and sold both     5     (domestic) and overseas. Later on, Jia introduced more people to     6     he was doing. Over the last few decades, he     7     (train) around 100 stone carvers from his village as well as nearby villages,     8     incomes have greatly increased.

In 2017, Jiangzhou stone carving was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage,     9     (encourage) more residents of Xizhuang to take up the trade. As a city-level inheritor (继承人), Jia feels it his     10     (responsible) to pass on this traditional culture to the next generation.

Still consider the CBA China’s     1     (popular) basketball league? Think again!

With over 10,000 spectators (观众)     2     (roar) on their feet every night,     3     amateur inter-village basketball tournament held last week in Southwest China’s Guizhou province has become a massive hit online.

In 2018, the village-level tournament     4     (include) in the Chi Xin Festival, which celebrates harvest on the sixth of June on the lunar calendar. Since then, the annual competition has become a center for enthusiasts from nearby and many who drive up to 200 km from Guiyang and surrounding areas     5     (experience) the unique gathering.

“The number of spectators and the participating areas that the tournament covers     6     (increase) for four continuous years, and the key to its popularity is     7     this tournament truly belongs to local people and connects neighborhoods like no other event does. The proximity (邻近) to each and every player and spectator makes it special,” said Cen Jianglong, a co-organizer of the tournament,     8     has played basketball recreationally for 20 years.

During the four-day competition, over 50 million online     9     (view) had tuned in to watch live streaming of the games. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian also joined in the fun, sharing a video clip of the games on Twitter accompanied by the message: “The rural basketball match in Guizhou is on!     10     a great atmosphere!”