1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged as a sustainable response     1     the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers     2     (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments.

Rooftop farming, also     3     (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning,     4     in turn lessens energy     5     (consume) and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms,     6     (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of locally     7     (source) food.

As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement     8     promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce. When we look towards     9     future where environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food—we cultivate hope for a     10     (green) and more resilient world.

2 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. objected       B. choices       C. inequality       D. combination          E. paid        F. respond G. personality          H. fade       I. reduce       J. inherited       K. environmental

What makes us happy?

You probably know the type of personality in some people: they seem to be hopeful in almost everything. Are they simply born happy? Is it the product of their environment? Or does it come from their life decisions?

If you are familiar with genetics research, you will have guessed that it is a     1     of all three. A 2018 study of 1516 Norwegian twins suggests that around 30% of the differences in people’s life satisfaction is     2    . Much of this seems to be related to personality traits.

To put this in context, the heritability of IQ is thought to be around 80%, so     3     factors clearly play a role in our happiness. These include our physical health, the size and strength of our social network, job opportunities and income. It seems that the absolute value of our salary matters less than whether we feel richer than those around us, which may explain why the level of       4     predicts happiness better than GDP.

Interestingly, many important life     5     have only a little influence on our happiness. Consider marriage. A 2019 study found that, on average, life satisfaction does rise after the wedding, but the feeling of happiness tends to     6     over middle age.

Parenthood is even more complex. For decades, social scientists have found that people with children at home are significantly less happy than those without. More recent research, however, suggests that there are important regional differences.

Analyses show that these differences can be almost completely explained by variations in       7     parental leave, flexible working hours, affordable childcare and holiday leave, which together     8     the potential for work-family conflict. The effects of these policies may play out across generations. In addition to the legacy of their genes, parents’ own emotional well-being will influence the family vigour, which will, in turn, shape the     9     of their children.

Our life satisfaction, then, is shaped by our genes, health, economic prospects, relationships and the culture around us. While many of these things may be beyond your control, there is now good evidence that certain psychological strategies will help you to     10     to your circumstances in the happiest way possible.

3 . 根据语境，选择下框中的词组并以其正确形式填入句中。请注意有两个短语是多余的。

above all；once and for all；contrary to；prior to

subscribe to；be exposed to；consist of；in charge of

regardless of；out of shape；get involved in；take sb’s breath away

1. _____________________ popular belief, many cats dislike milk.
2. I hadn’t been training for months and was really   ______________________.
3. Children can get a lot out of _______________________________voluntary work.
4. She is determined to live a fulfilling life __________________what the future holds.
5. All scientists __________________the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels.
6. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put ____________________developing China’s rocket science.
7. I’d like to buy a house ——modern, comfortable, and _________________in a quiet neighborhood.
8. Scientists worry that________________________ light while sleeping can increase a person’s chances of getting cancer.
9. The main building of the school _____________________ 14 classrooms, a small study center and a computer room which is proved to be very popular.
10. They took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally______________ with its exceptional beauty.

4 . 从方框中选择适当的短语，并用其适当的形式填空，有两个多余项。

on the move   commit oneself to   daily routine   insist on     upside down   appeal to     the instant

1. I recognized her ________ she entered the room.
2. A talented scientist well known for his contribution to his country, Huang Danian ________ his research in geophysics.
3. My ________ includes going to the gym for a workout, which creates an exciting mood for me every morning.
4. Taxi drivers in Taipei refused to transport passengers who ignored the sign and ________ lighting up inside the taxi.
5. Jack never wanted to stay in one place for very long, so he always found himself ________.

5 . 选词填空

speed up；at a loss；take up；take the place of；lay off；break down；consist；live up to；lose sight or；make out；by all means；come to light

1. We mustn't ____________ the significance of environmental protection while advancing economy. This is the key to sustainable development.
2. He did not want to ____________ a competitive sport like mountaineering.
3. The mystery of the murder was finally solved after new evidence ____________.
4. Construction of the teaching building ____________ by far, because it must be completed by the end of this year as scheduled.
5. In the current economic crisis, a large number of workers in the factories nationwide ____________ to reduce the costs.
6. The rescue team ____________ soldiers, doctors and the local policemen arrived at the quake-stricken area as fast as they could, racing against the clock to save each living soul.
7. No matter what difficulties we meet on our way, we need to accomplish our goals ____________.
8. Negotiations ____________. I’m now starting to worry that we’ll never reach an agreement for a new contract.
9. With over 150 different recipes from more than 100 varieties of pasta, Carmen is never ____________ for something to cook.
10. He tried extremely hard to ____________ his parents' expectations.

6 . 根据短文选择适当的单词或短语填空, 每空只填一个单词, 注意备选词中有多余的词汇。

give up   addicted to   made ... determination   Other than   work out leave alone   At last   was responsible for   kept track of   gave way to took part in   tough   made.. . impression   quit   confused

My dear grandson.

Your mother tells me that you started smoking and now you find it difficult to     1     . Believe me, I know how easy to begin smoking and I know how     2     to stop. When I was a teenager, I also smoked and became     3     cigarettes.     4     feeling cool, you may begin to smoke because of the physical addiction to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemical in cigarettes. After the drug leaves your body, you will feel bad-tempered and sometimes even feel in pain. So it is very difficult to     5    . But I did finally manage.

When I was young, I did not know much about the harmful effects of smoking. Neither did I know that it could do terrible damage to hearts and lungs. However, what I did know was that I     6     a bad     7     on my friends for I smelt terrible. When I     8     my school football team, they refused to play with me.     9    , I knew it was time to stop smoking.

I do hope you can make up your decision to stop smoking after reading this, make a change and live as long and healthy a life as I have.

Yours

Grandpa

7 . 根据上下文选择选用合适的短语， 在空格处填入短语的正确形式，使文章信息完整，意思准确。每个短语仅能使用一次。有两个词组是多余选项。

keep sb. company   fall in love with   set off   belong to   go through   to be frank   the moment   take part in   a variety of   fade away   in spite of   in addition to

Carnival: One Day in Rio

Last year I went to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and I was excited. However,     1     I arrived, I was quite anxious because the streets were overcrowded. Six million people     2     this incredible carnival. Luckily, I had a local guide, Ronnie. He said he would     3     and show me all the highlights. Then, we     4     to the samba parade.

Well, the carnival is most definitely all about the samba which is featured by exciting rhythms and harmonic vocals. It’s the kind of music that you can’t help dancing to.     5    , I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd, my hips and shoulders were swinging almost involuntarily.

Thanks to this lively atmosphere, my anxiety completely     6    . Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade inside the Sambadrome (森巴大道) where twelve main teams competed for the championship. But we still had a long way to     7     the street.     8     the main samba parade, many small parties were held in the street to celebrate the festival. You must be wondering how the main parade was. Well, I’m afraid I can’t tell you. Ronnie and I never made into the Sambadrome. Fascinated by     9     snacks and drinks, we spent the day moving from one street party to another. Do I regret missing the main parade? Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and I did     10     it.

8 . 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。

break out; be engaged in; be fond of; appeal to; break down; be worthy of; consist of

1. Open conversations helped to   ________________ the barrier between the two groups.
2. Dr. Yuan Longping   _____________ developing super hybrid rice throughout his life.
3. A balanced diet   __________________ a variety of foods with different nutrients.
4. Dark clouds were gathering in the skies over Europe. War was soon to   ____________.
5. The fantastic view from the top of the mountain is sure to ____________ everyone.

9 . 方框内有12个短语，请按照句意填入正确短语的适当形式，注意有两个短语是多余的。

in shock;        ups and downs;        fall apart;        rather than; make sense date back;        refer to;        work out; as if;        now and then in ruins;          give up

1. Though having failed many times, they never ______ and finally delicious popcorn was made.
2. When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks ______ it were broken.
3. The burning hotel in which two fifths of the rescue workers had been trapped was ______.
4. To build up his strength, Mr. Soldier keeps ______ in the gym on a regular basis.
5. Last month, the veteran fighter ______ his experiences during the Long March.
6. Every relationship has a lot of ______, which however doesn’t seem to apply to this couple.
7. Most members of this team have been providing thoughtful, well-written messages that ______ and contribute to the historic discovery.
8. I am so honored to have been invited to actually contribute articles to this project ______.
9. Keep your distance from that old chair-- it’s likely ______ at any moment.
10. What your teacher reminds you of is a kind warning ______ any sort of criticism.

10 . 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。

on average       give way to       concentrate on     sweep away     make progress     apply for       in ruins

1. The whole city was _______but all hope was not lost.
2. The truck refused to _______the car, which caused a traffic accident.
3. After _______the position of the assistant manager, he waited for the result anxiously.
4. With a strong will, he ignored the noise and managed to _______his study.
5. Although our country _______in technological development in the past few years, it still has a long way to go.