1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. authorities   B. conflicts   C. increasingly   D. infected E. invisibly F. oddly G. outbreaks   H. present   I. subjected   J. suspected   K. unexpected

Deadly virus approaches tigers

India’s most important tiger conservation body is to investigate growing concern that Asia’s wild tigers are     1     to a deadly new disease.

The National Tiger Conservation Authority is to fun d a study of Canine Distemper Virus(CDV) in six of the most important areas for the species, which could confirm a problem that a few experts have     2    for a number of years.

There have been     3    of CDV in wild tigers in other areas. According to Dr Dale Miquelle of the Wildlife Conservation Society, quite a few tigers were either killed or seriously affected by a disease that was probably CDV in 2010. And the Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Reserve has also reported a(n)     4     decline in tiger numbers.

CDV may also exist in the tiger population in Sumatra, where animals have been reported to be behaving     5    and losing their fear of humans.

Dr John Lewis of the British charity Wildlife Vets International is helping the Sumatran    6    to fight the risk by training local vets in what he calls “the world’s first tiger- disease monitoring program”.

Lewis also believes that the way CDV changes tigers’ behavior could be a factor where tiger- human     7    are an issue. This could be true of the Sundarbans, a large area shared by India and Bangladesh where man-eating is spreading.

Perhaps we should not be surprised that tigers are     8    with CDV. In 2004, it killed 1,000 lions in the Serengeti in Tanzania, and as wildlife reserves are    9    surrounded by people with dogs, the problem is only likely to get worse.

But as Miquelle told BBC Wildlife, “Very few people were aware of the potential threat, let alone looking for it, even if it is     10    in the system. But at least now they are.”

2 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. adulthood     B. betting     C. alternative     D. direct     E. drown     F. opting G. place     H. tearing     I. engage     J. sense     K. state

The post millennial generation best known as Gen Z — individuals now in their teens and early 20s — looked on as their parents lost jobs during the Great Recession. They’ve seen older millennial siblings     1     in student debt. Since they could eat solid food, they’ve watched on promising techonology displace another, and, along with older generations, have questioned everything from the gig economy to the     2     of democracy. Now they’re entering     3     with a willingness to experiment.

“The old systems we used to rely on aren’t working anymore, but new systems haven’t necessarily been put in     4    ,” says Melissa Lavigne-Delville, founder of the trends and research firm Culture Co-op, which specializes in generational attitudes. “Parents aren’t even sure about how to     5     their children, because too much is up in the air.”

According to a survey by her firm, 78% of Gen Z-ers say getting a four-year degree no longer makes economic     6    , and hundreds of programs, from apprenticeships to boot camps, have cropped up to offer a(n)     7     path. New types of work are possible too. Research has found that teenagers are getting their driver’s licenses later and doing less traditional work-for-pay than previous generations. But while they might not be     8     tickets at the local cineplex, they may be starting a popular YouTube channel from their bedroom. Culture Co-op found that nearly 60% of Gen Z-ers, ages 13 to 22, say they are doing some form of freelancing. Dew, for one, didn’t have a job in high school but did teach himself to code and is building websites on the side while he attends MissionU.

Jumping into the freelance economy means taking an uncertain path, as is     9     one’s future earnings on an educational program no one has tried before. Almost $2 billion has been invested in “last mile training” efforts like MissionU, but many young people are still     10     for college.

3 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. brush        B. draw        C. state        D. cautionary       E. report       F. run G. packed        H. shot        I. introduced        J. phenomenon        K. exceptional

Rongjiang county, tucked away in the rainy hills of south-west China, has little going for it at first glance. The grey tiles covering houses in the county sea give it a rather drab feel. Locals often have to find work elsewhere, travelling to distant factories and construction sites.

Yet this summer it was Chinese from far-off cities who flocked to Rongjiang. They came to watch an amateur football league involving 20 of the county’s villages. It started in May and quickly became a       1    . Weekend matches between teams made up of butchers and farmers drew crowds of nearly 50, 000, straining the local stadium. Millions more watched on Weibo, a Twitter-like platform, and Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok.

There are many reasons behind the popularity of the Rongjiang league, which is men only. Start with the     2     of professional football. Despite decades of investment, the country’s players are not very good. The men’s national team, made up of players from China’s top league, ranks 78th in the world (the women rank 14th). It has only qualified for the World Cup once, in 2002, when it failed to score a single goal.

The Rongjiang league, by contrast, has an authentic, even wholesome feel. Football in the county dates back to the 1940s, when it was     3     by university students who were fleeing China’s cities during the invasion by Japan. Today the games are free to watch and feel enjoyably low pressure. Players     4     off their missed shots with smiles. After a penalty shoot-out in the semi-finals, fans swarmed the pitch waving China’s national flag. The winners of this year’s tournament, from a village in Chejiang township, walked away with a cow. The two runners-up won three pigs and three goats, respectively.

The league’s cultural diversity is another     5    . The players come from several minority ethnic groups, of which the biggest are the Dong and the Miao. During breaks in the matches, villagers in traditional silver headdresses often dance for the crowd.

To the delight of officials at all levels, the league appears to have stimulated the local economy. During the Dragon Boat festival in June tourism spending     6     up, much of it coming from football fans. Vendors at the hundreds of stalls set up by the local government outside the stadium     7     a brisk trade. A man hawking barbecue skewers says he has doubled his income.

But there are concerns that the success of Rongjiang may be fleeting. Attracting crowds to this part of China is not easy. The city of Zibo, in the northern province of Shandong, provides a     8     tale. It became a social-media phenomenon when word of its delicious kebabs began making the rounds earlier this year. Tourists flocked to the city, where officials turned arenas into makeshift dining halls. But after a few months of this barbecue craze, interest in Zibo slumped.

Still, officials think they have found a winning strategy for the countryside. A new football league began this month and will     9     until October. It involves nearly 300 amateur teams from all around China. Each is named after a food. On August 13th a team called the Sour Soups from the nearby city of Kaili beat the Bamboo Shoots from the southern province of Guangdong. The stadium in Rongjiang was still     10    .

4 . 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。

draw a conclusion       have a preference for       switch off       up to keep in touch with       in the absence of            break down

1. It’s ______ all of us to try to solve the problems in our neighbourhood.
2. At that time, I ______ from my own experience that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
3. We have been ______ each other after we graduated from university.
4. It was bad luck that my car ____________ on the way to Beijing.
5. There are many people around the world who live happily ____________ new technology.

5 . 用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。

theme       critical       incredible       commit       demonstrate appeal       constant     objective       occupation   accurate

As a columnist, my daily job is to create informative articles     1     to a wide audience. I start by choosing unique and interesting     2    , which could be anything from the     3     benefits of exercise to the     4     importance of cybersecurity. Once I have my topic, I do extensive research to gather data and insights that will help me     5     my point effectively.

To ensure the quality of my writing, I stick to a strict schedule and am     6     to writing several drafts before finalizing a piece. This     7     effort helps me maintain a high level of consistency and ensures that my readers enjoy reading my work.

One of the most important aspects of my job is to remain     8     while covering sensitive topics. For instance, if I’m writing about cybersecurity, I need to     9     provide information without promoting any particular product or service.

Overall, being a columnist is a challenging but rewarding     10     that requires dedication, creativity, and a passion for writing.

6 . 短语填空

put … on the spot              a far cry from                    follow in one’s footstep              do the trick throw light on                    work closely with              turn…down                           probe into along the lines of              attach…to                    more often than not               carry on

1. They were afraid of _______ when they asked girls to dance at high school balls.
2. When there is no examples to follow, individuals learn while _______ others to solve new customer problems.
3. _______ his will was a letter he had written to his wife just days before his death.
4. Present days was all _______ those memorable days in 1990, when he won three tournaments on the European tour.
5. I don’t know what it was that _______, but I am definitely feeling much better.
6. Even clever people are not terribly clever when _______.
7. Those ancient cooking tools, along with the written language recording them ______ the development of cooking culture in ancient China.
8. The more they _______ his background, the more inflamed their suspicions would become.
9. Having been born to privilege in old Hollywood, she _______ a family tradition by acting.
10. Behind many successful men there is, _______, a woman who makes this success possible.

7 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word that you do not need.

A. included                 B. promising                 C. achievements                 D. proved          E. transfer F. outstanding             G. sign                           H. appearances                  I. scoring          J. capture            K. referred

Ronaldo Luiz Nazario de Lima was born on 22 September 1976 in a poor suburb of Rio de Janeiro. Like most of his childhood friends, Ronaldo began his football (soccer) career playing barefoot in the streets of his neighbourhood. At the age of 14, he joined Sao Cristovao football club and only two years later became the star of Cruzeiro Esporte Clube in Belo Horizonte     1     a total of 58 goals in 60 matches and earning himself a reputation for his explosive pace and     2     finishing skills. His goal — scoring record and unusual quickness led him to be     3     in the Brazilian World Cup winning team the following year. After the World Cup, many top European football clubs were trying to     4     him. Many people, including Brazilian football legend Pele, considered him as the most     5     footballer of his generation.

Since his     6     to Dutch team PSV Eindhoven, Ronaldo’s biography has been one success after another. Two Copa America’s, a UEFA Super Cup, a Dutch Cup, a Spanish Super Cup, and two Player of the Year awards from FIFA, all in the space of two years, are some of Ronaldo’s impressive     7    . On arrival to Inter Milan in 1997, Ronaldo became the idol of the local fans who refer to him as “il Fenomeno (奇才)”.

Since the 1998 World Cup he has suffered serious knee injuries that have severely limited his     8    . Just when people began to wonder whether Ronaldo would be able to continue with his football career, he     9     to the world that he still could play. In the World Cup held in Korea and Japan, the magical striker won the Golden Shoe award and tied Pele’s Brazilian record for career World Cup goals with 12. He helped Brazil     10     its fifth World Cup championship on 30 June with a 2-0 win over Germany. It was the third time that Ronaldo had ever played in the World Cup.

8 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. targeted       B. tendencies       C. habitually       D. variables E. links       F. antibullying       G. barely       H. considerate I. elements       J. coded       K. backed

Military and sports opponents commonly consider a rival leader’s personality when weighing a competitive move, such as an attack. In business strategy, however, this element is     1     studied; firms assume that they should make strategic moves on the basis of competitive dynamics or microeconomic     2    .

New research looked for     3     between the personal manner of CEOs and the incidence of competitive attacks against their firms. Drawing on the theory that victims in general tend to be either submissive (屈从的) and unlikely to fight back or so provocative (挑衅的) that rivals strike preemptively(先发制人地) (think of schoolyard and barroom fights), the researchers     4     publicly available videos of 102 CEOs of Fortune 500 companies from 2010 to 2016, rating on a multi-dimension scale each leader on submissive and provocative     5    . Then using news articles, they identified which of the executives’ firms had come under pricing, product, marketing, or expansion attacks. They controlled for     6     including the CEOs’ media prominence and pay; their firms’ size and financial performance; industry complexity; and whether the CEO was also chairman. The analysis showed that firms with CEOs rated as highly submissive or provocative were indeed more likely to be     7     by their counterparts, with perceived submissiveness making them especially vulnerable (gender did not appear to make a significant difference).

Subsequent interviews with CEOs     8     those findings. For example, one leader described a rival CEO as so lazy and change-averse (逃避改变的) that his team focused on “picking off customers one by one.” Just as     9     initiatives take typical victim attributes into account training programs could use this work to help executives avoid drawing fire, the researchers say. “CEOs who are ‘too nice’ can be counseled to be     10     of this element,” they write, while “those with domineering styles... can be trained to manage this quality.”

9 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. implications       B. piece       C. survival       D. revolution E. varying        F. climatic       G. stretching       H. delicately        I. migrate       J. merely       K. shifts

Climate Change

When global warming finally came, it came aggressively. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 40 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to     1    inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted greatly in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a new    2    strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease.

As environmentalists meet in Rio de Janeiro this week to think carefully about the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the middle of a(n)     3    in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to     4    together an inspiring picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period     5    back hundreds of millions of years.

Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the     6     changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate     7     played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution. Indeed, the human history has not been     8     touched by global climate change. Some scientists argue it has in some instances been driven by it.

The new research has far-reaching     9     for the environment summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The pleasant global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely     10    climate over the ages. In feet, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future even without the influence of human activity.

10 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.encouraged	B. excuse	C. featured	D. favor	E. approaches	F. defended
G. access	H. serve	I. regional	J. celebrated	K. lengths

When Coca-Cola was first sold in 1886, nobody thought it could be improved. Nearly a century later, in 1985, New Coke was introduced to replace the original recipe of Coke in order to rebrand the product amidst falling sales——Coke was losing customers to Pepsi, whose sweeter taste was finding     1    . Unfortunately, the Coca-Cola Company saw a significant drop in sales soon after the release of New Coke. Some customers just preferred the “classic” recipe. The old adage(格言), “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it,” seems to apply here.

Something similar is happening with A Bite of China, a     2     food documentary focusing on the stories, traditions and culture surrounding interesting regional dishes from around China. The first two seasons of the show saw great success. However, when the third season began last month, the reviewers were not so “sweet”. With an entirely new production team, Season Three steers away from(偏离) the show’s core focus on     3     dishes and towards intimate life stories, non-food-related subject matter and even product placement(植入广告).

In the first episode of Season Two, a teenager in the countryside collects honey high up in a tree. The scene is stunningly filmed, telling a moving story about the dangerous     4     to which people go to gather food for their families. In the third season, however, the focus is taken almost completely away from the food. In one of its most infamous episodes, DIY lipstick using questionable ingredients bought online is     5    . Viewer response has been swift and severe, with several commentators wondering whether it is still suitable to call the show a food documentary. The production crew have     6     the changes, claiming that the innovation is meant to keep the show fresh and interesting to an expanding audience. While this may     7     in part, to explain the show’s creative differences from previous seasons, it doesn’t     8     the show’s declining professionalism, which has led to some silly mistakes such as mixing up ingredients or confusing the correct names of regional dishes.

Innovation is generally     9     in industries big and small, but a winning formula that has popular     10     is not necessarily something that requires changes. Innovation is a tool often best used when a new direction is called for. By trying to reinvent the wheel, one might just end up with a flat tire. It’s time that A Bite of China took a page out of Coca-Cola’s playbook and returned to the classic recipe, where success has never tasted so sweet.