1 . Species (物种) can actually go extinct (灭绝的) more than once. In a biological sense, species become extinct when the last animal of a species stops breathing. But when the species disappears from our shared memory and cultural knowledge, it becomes extinct in a different way — society (与社会有关的) extinction.
The researchers looked at dozens of previous studies to look into how societal extinction happens, finding out contributing factors such as symbolic or cultural importance, how long ago a species was last alive, and how much of a connection it had to humans.
Societal extinction usually but not always happens after biological extinction. Sometimes, both extinctions can happen at the same time, depending on how well and widely known a particular species is.
Most species — such as those far removed from culture, or those too small to be noticed except through a microscope (显微镜) — never have a societal presence to begin with. Meanwhile, for other species, the societal presence can break with reality after a biological extinction.
“Species can remain widely known after they become extinct, or even become more popular,” says conservation biologist Uri Roll. “However, our awareness and memory of such species gradually becomes transformed, and often becomes incorrect, or disassociated from the actual species.”
Take the Spix’s macaw(金刚鹦鹉) for example, currently extinct in the wild: A 2013 conservation report from Brazil surveyed 242 children from the bird’s former habitat, and almost all of them incorrectly believed the species originated from Rio de Janeiro, because of its appearance in the 2011 cartoon movie Rio.
Finally, the researchers found various links between societal extinction and a lack of support for biodiversity protection. So, ifs important to keep the memories and the records of extinct species in order to realize what’s been lost.
1. When does a species most probably become societal extinct?| A．When it has difficulty in breathing. |
| B．When it faces some biological changes. |
| C．When it disappears unexpectedly in nature. |
| D．When it no longer exists in our memory and culture. |
| A．Relationship with humans. | B．Average length of life. |
| C．Biological importance. | D．Shape of the body. |
| A．They are not big enough to be seen. |
| B．They are closely linked to a specific culture. |
| C．They are in the process of societal extinction. |
| D．They are cleared away from scientific studies. |
| A．To draw a conclusion. | B．To prove an opinion. |
| C．To introduce a topic. | D．To make a prediction. |
2 . National Parks, Wyoming
A bike tour is a great way to access busy national parks. This six-day trip is a big loop out of Jackson 5s Rustic Inn Creekside Resort and Spa, with stops along the way to check out hot springs, moose (驼鹿) and the grizzly bear. Available June to September 2022; $3,095, vbt.com
Death Valley, California
This three-day trip starts with a meet and greet in Las Vegas before exploring a ghost town, on foot. Then the biking starts through the desert, heading to a hotel in time to catch a Death Valley sunset. The next day ifs a nearly 50-mile ride to the edge of a crater (火山口). Available October 2021 through December 2022; $1,649, rei.com
Finger Lakes, New York
This 121-mile bike tour snakes its way around Canandaigua lakes and rolling hills over five days. It starts with a wine tasting, then lunch and a ride through farmland. With only about 30 miles a day of riding, there’s plenty of time to try local wines and have a spa. Available June to July 2022;$5,499, trek travel. com
Florida Keys
Unless you book a custom trip, tours that include teens and kids can be difficult to find. Keep younger travelers engaged by mixing bike rides with other activities, like kayaking (独木舟), snorkeling, hiking and stand-up paddle boarding. This five-day trip heads south from Miami, through the Everglades National Park, and out to Key West. Along the way kids can learn to fish like the locals while parents can relax in excellent accommodations. Available December 2021 and December 2022;from $3,999, backroads. com
1. Which tour is the most suitable for families?| A．National Parks, Wyoming | B．Death Valley, California |
| C．Finger Lakes, New York | D．Florida Keys |
| A．Learning to fish. | B．Seeing wild animals. |
| C．Appreciating the sunset. | D．Trying local wines. |
| A．Seeing the world from a bike seat. | B．Having a taste of farm life. |
| C．Exploring local food on a bike trip. | D．Getting the most out of national parks. |
3 . 阅读以下短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Travels of Xu Xiake is a travel note
This book is the first work to systematically investigate China’s geomorphology (水文地质学) and geology (地理学). In addition, the beautiful words also make it a masterpiece of literature,
The fresh and beautiful writing style used to describe things in The Travels of Xu Xiake
The historical value of The Travels of Xu Xiake covers a wide range
From these rich
The day of the first chapter of The Travels of Xu Xiake (May 19) is
4 . As a personal trainer, I work with a variety of clients (客户).
Count your steps.
You can easily download a step counting app to track your steps for a full week and use the average number per day as your personal minimum (最小值). Check in with yourself each evening after dinner to see if you’ve hit your daily minimum.
When you watch TV, get up during commercials to walk around the house and/or do arm exercises with dumbbells or resistance bands. You could also climb a level in your home whenever the commercials are playing; top to bottom or bottom to top and back, depending on where your TV is.
Walk after eating.
It is reported that walking for just 1 0 minutes after eating a meal can lower blood sugar levels by 22 per cent. This is especially significant for people living with diabetes (糖尿病).
Sit Up Straighter.
It’s a given that many of us sit too much these days.
| A．Exercise after watching TV. |
| B．Get active while watching TV. |
| C．This can lead to back, neck and shoulder pain. |
| D．Taking exercise is undoubtedly good for health. |
| E．If not, go fora walk until you hit your daily step goal. |
| F．Some are extremely fit and looking for help to achieve specific goals. |
| G．Those who are looking for simple ways to keep fit can also benefit from it. |
5 . Have you ever felt nervous or afraid to take time off from work to look after your mental health?
Marisa Kabas, a writer and political strategist, recently posed a similar question on Twitter (推特网), inspired by Simone Biles, who stopped taking part in Olympic events this week to protect her mental health.
“It was so shocking to so many people,” Ms. Kabas said on Wednesday in an interview. “Because the whole mentality (心态， 思维方式) is to be strong, and push through the pain.”
If you’re unlikely to use sick days for mental health reasons or are scared of being punished for doing so, I experts say it’s time to start thinking about how to protect your mental well-being. You should take a “sad day”.
There’s no official definition for a “sad day,” also known as a mental health day. Typically, it is paid time off drawn from sick days(or personal days) to help employees who aren’t feeling like their usual selves, offering an opportunity to refresh their minds, do something meaningful; or simply take a break from daily stressors. The “sad day” is only a temporary (暂时的) fix, and not meant to address deeper problems, but sometimes a little time away can make a big difference.
In most situations, just say that you need to take a sick day, and leave it at that, the experts advised. “I think the safe advice is not to be honest and frank,” said Andrew Kuller, a clinical psychologist. Not everybody values mental health, he added, and “unless you’re close with your boss, it is a risk. But say you work at the type of organization where you can tell the truth without fear of being punished. In that case, you still don’t need to reveal why you want to take a sick day.”
Whatever you do, don t spend the mental health day feeling guilty. So instead of thinking, “I should be at work right now, try to reframe your thinking in a more positive way. For example, try saying: “It would be great; if I could be at work right now. But today is a day that I need to take care of myself, so that’s what I’m going to do.”
1. Why were so many people shocked in the eyes of Ms. Kabas?| A．Simone Biles posed questions on Twitter. |
| B．Simone Biles was interviewed by Ms. Kabas. |
| C．Simone Biles inspired sports fans greatly in the Olympics. |
| D．Simone Biles pulled out of Olympic events due to mental health. |
| A．It is only short-term relief. |
| B．It has an official definition. |
| C．It is of no value in reducing stress. |
| D．It is a perfect solution to big problems. |
| A．Face punishment bravely. |
| B．Try your best to please your boss. |
| C．Ask for a sick day without much explanation. |
| D．Tell your boss about the importance of mental health. |
| A．Don’t be too serious about a “sad day” |
| B．When work weighs you down, take a “sad day” |
| C．Don’t be afraid to talk about your mental health |
| D．When you feel burnt out, tell your manager openly |
6 . Our lives are measured by the passing years and shaped by major milestones such as graduating from school, getting jobs, getting married and having children. Sometimes, however, it’s the little things that we find play an important role. Often we don’t even notice them until they change or we suddenly don’t have them anymore.
My wife and I live on the top floor of an apartment. Looking out of the bedroom window, there were no buildings as high as ours and, as a result, we never had to close our curtains at night. If I was awake in bed at night, I could look up and see the stars. I would wonder if there were planets revolving around them, and were any of those planets like ours. I’ll probably never know the answers but the questions themselves intrigue me.
Last summer, the neighbors sold the little house next door and it was bought by a developer to build a new apartment building. It will be four floors tall, the same as ours. When the new building is ready for new residents, we have to start closing our curtains at night.
Perhaps I will be able to wait until everyone else is likely to be sleeping and reopen my curtains. That’s one possible course but I really doubt we’ll do this. More likely we will close the curtains before going to bed and not reopen them until morning. That means that when I wake up in the middle of the night as usual, the room will be dark and there will be nothing to see, no view out the window of the beautiful night sky and no interesting questions to think about.
I’m sure the night sky is filled with wonders we may never actually see and probably can’t even imagine. With that mind-set I have enjoyed lying in bed in the small hours of the night and looking at the heavens and wondering. Our little town is growing as it unavoidably would but I’m going to miss the stars.
Sometimes, it’s the little things.
1. What does the underlined word “intrigue” mean in Paragraph 2?| A．Trick. | B．Interest. | C．Shock. | D．Escape. |
| A．Plan to move out of the town. |
| B．Communicate with neighbors. |
| C．Keep the curtains closed when sleeping. |
| D．Appreciate the appealing night sky as usual. |
| A．Destructive. | B．Understandable. | C．Beneficial. | D．Meaningless. |
| A．To arouse readers’ interest in the star observation. |
| B．To state the inconvenience of living on the top floor. |
| C．To remind the readers of the significance of little things. |
| D．To complain about the damage of building construction. |
7 . When I was fifteen, I wrote an essay about how excited all my friends were to be getting driver’s licenses. I was full of
I have a condition called dry-eye syndrome (综合症).
There are many things I cannot do. I can’t drive or read a book. But there are far more things I can
Do I wish I could
There are many different ways to look at life. This is how I see it.
1.| A．energy | B．envy | C．hope | D．life |
| A．teach | B．inform | C．raise | D．drive |
| A．While | B．Since | C．Before | D．If |
| A．throw up | B．give up | C．wake up | D．turn up |
| A．evidence | B．reason | C．price | D．need |
| A．silently | B．differently | C．comfortably | D．gently |
| A．promises | B．tests | C．arguments | D．signals |
| A．lost | B．presented | C．earned | D．refused |
| A．sing | B．talk | C．see | D．think |
| A．limited | B．helped | C．stimulated | D．amazed |
| A．in all | B．at least | C．on purpose | D．by far |
| A．time | B．sight | C．confidence | D．support |
| A．ignore | B．destroy | C．appreciate | D．determine |
| A．develop | B．waste | C．admire | D．doubt |
| A．changed | B．failed | C．hurt | D．worked |
