1 . After the rainstorm, we saw rubbish and ________ (break) windows everywhere. （所给词的适当形式填空）

2 . 我们一直忙于准备今天的考试。
We are ____preparing for______ exams all the time.

3 . Every one of us went to the zoo ________ Tom. He was ill.

A．except

B．besides

C．including

D．and

4 . —The passage is too hard to understand.
—Yes, ________ it’s very short and there are no few words in it.

A．so

B．as

C．because

D．though