1 . 请根据句意指出下列句子中划线单词的词性与汉语意思。
1. True friends should never betray each other. Instead, they are supposed to be faithful to one another all the time.
2. Faced with the teacher sitting in front of me, suddenly my mind went blank and I couldn’t remember anything.
3. The road was blocked by fallen trees and the traffic came to a complete stop.
4. All the passengers were on board and the flight was about to take off.
5. The city was bombed by terrorists and it lay in ruins eventually.
6. With the improvement of living standards of the people, there is a boom in car sales.
7. Due to cultural difference, we are different from each other in many aspects, such as dressing, ways of thinking and eating habits, etc.
8. He always associates this song with his hometown which is far away. Whenever he listens to it, he’ll recall his hometown.
9. Actually, going abroad has no appeal to me. Even if I were given a chance, I wouldn’t choose to live overseas.
10. He was appointed as captain of the English team, but he refused to accept the offer.
11. After struggling for years, my brother finally attained a Master’s degree last month.
12. Mark is very interested in universe and he aims to take up astronomy, the scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets, etc.
13. She is bent on being an outstanding biologist and nothing can stop her achieving her dream.
14. On hearing the thrilling news, the kids bounced up and down excitedly.
15. Bonus is an extra amount of money that is added to a payment, especially to one’s wages as a reward.

5 . The Web is a minefield (雷区) where you can literally be bullied to death via social media, and a loose text can ______ your reputation.

A．appoint

B．limit

C．ruin

D．fade

6 . The United States, unlike other countries, doesn’t have “national holidays” that must be ________by all people.

A．appointed

B．reserved

C．illustrated

D．observed

7 . The tourist attraction has very few tourists in the off-season, while the population can ________ to 40,000 during the tourist season.

A．preserve

B．explode

C．appoint

D．decrease

8 . 词性转换
1. ________ adj. 普通的，平常的→ordinarily adv. 普通地，平常地，正常地；一般情况下，通常
2. ________ v. 进餐→diner n. （尤指餐馆的）就餐者（比较：________ n. 晚餐，晚宴；宴会；正餐）
3. ________ n. 大笔的钱，巨款→________ adj. 幸运的；带来幸运的；侥幸的→________ adv. 幸运地→unfortunate adj. 不幸的；倒霉的；令人遗憾的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地
4. ________ v. 通信→correspondence n. 通信；信件
5. ________ v. 任命；委派；安排，确定（时间、地点）→________ adj. 约定的，指定的→________ n. 任命，委任；职务，职位；约会，预约，约定
6. bitter adj. 苦的；痛苦的；尖刻的；充满仇恨的→________ adv. 痛苦地，愤恨地
7. ________ adj. 感到不好意思的，难为情的→unashamed adj. 不害臊的；不感觉难为情的
8. ________ v. 折叠，对折→________ v. （卷着的东西）展开，打开   un-不；未；非；反
9. ________ v. 把……安置在（或建造于）；找出……的准确位置→________ n. 地点，位置
10. ________ vt. 围绕；环绕；包围→surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的→________ n. 周围的事物，环境