1 . The proposal that smart devices should carry security labels was introduced a voluntary basis at first, which _______the research findings that these devices were able to put consumers' privacy and security at risk.

A．on, based on	B．by, based on
C．on, was based on	D．by, was based on

2 . Over the years, London’s economy has changed from a manufacturing economy to one ______ financial services.

A．cared for

B．applied to

C．preferred to

D．based on