3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays, the life of many people in the world     1     (affect) by global warming. For example, greenhouse gas has a bad effect     2    both people and environment. The earth’s surface temperature     3     (go) up by about 1 degrees centigrade in the past 100 years. As a matter of fact, we may feel that we can hardly put up with the extremely hot summer and we can’t get     4     (accustom) to warm winter. The rise of the earth’s surface temperature has affected human health, the existence of creatures     5    the balance of ecosystems. There is no doubt     6     it is human activities that result in the bad environment. As a     7    (consequent), conditions permitting, all countries in the world should spare no effort     8    (improve) our environment. Even if our effort is limited, it will     9     (eventual) make a great difference if we keep on     10     (work) together to deal with global warming. Without all people’s joint efforts, what would our future be like?

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The size of fish in the oceans is shrinking. A new report from Canada states fish may shrink by as much as a quarter in the coming decades, which mainly     1     (result) from global warming. The research team conducted tests on the effect of     2     (rise) ocean temperatures on the size and number of over 600 species of fish. They concluded that most fish are likely to shrink by 14-24 percent by the year 2050. The biggest changes     3    (see) clearly in tropical regions. There is     4     (little) oxygen in warmer water so fish cannot grow normally and many will migrate to cooler waters.

Lead researcher Professor William said: “We were surprised to see such a large decrease in fish size. Marine fish are generally known to respond to climate change     5     changing distribution and seasonality. But the unexpectedly big effect     6     climate change could have on body size suggests that we may be missing a big piece of the puzzle of understanding climate change effects in the ocean.” He added that overfishing and pollution will     7     (worse) the problem. “Our work shows a very     8     (worry) future for the oceans,     9     it is very important to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop better fish management policies     10     (adapt) to these changes,” he said.

6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在题号 后的横线上。 .

Earth is setting heat records. It will be much hotter one day. But     1    hot could it get? As a heat wave     2     (roast) the western United States last week, temperatures in California's Death Valley rose to 130 degrees Fahrenheit,     3     (mark) the hottest temperature measured anywhere on Earth since 1931 and the third hottest day ever recorded on our planet. It's difficult     4     (forecast) how hot Earth might get if we keep jamming carbon into the atmosphere,     5     (expert) say. As Michael   Wehner, an extreme weather researcher, put it in an email, "    6     increase in temperatures of future heat waves     7     (depend) a lot on how far into the future and how much more carbon dioxide we send out. ” But a recent research     8     (exact) tells people what the heat waves of tomorrow could look like if we don't control our carbon emissions (排放)at all. By the end of the century, heat waves in California could top out at temperatures about 10 to 14 degrees Fahrenheit     9     (high) than they do today, "I would expect that an event of the same rarity (罕见)     10    Today’s 130°F would be about 140°F in that high-emission future,” Wehner says.

7 . 语法填空

The death toll from a powerful typhoon sweeping across China’s east coast rose to 30 on Sunday, with     1     least 18 still missing, after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million    2    (leave) their homes, the state news media reported.

    3    (Near) 5 million people in Zhejiang province have been affected by the storm, Typhoon Lekima,     4     made landfall early Saturday, according to the reports. Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County, near the city of Wenzhou, when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people, said CCTV.

The typhoon, which packed winds of up to 116 mph, caused major travel disruptions across the region,     5    (include) in Shanghai, with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended. Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday.

In Zhejiang, the typhoon damaged more than 400,000 acres of crops and 34,000 homes, amounting to economic losses of more than $2.2 billion, said Xinhua News agency, citing provincial authorities.

Officials in the city of Linhai, near Taizhou, said on Sunday that the typhoon    6    (cause) the worst flooding there in the 70-year history of the people’s Republic of China, with water levels as high as 36     7    (foot) causing major power failures. State news reports showed people wading through waist-high water in the centuries-old city’s narrow alleyways.

Lekima, China’s     8    (nine) typhoon of the year, is expected to make     9     second landing on Sunday evening farther north in Shangdong province, the state news media said. More travel disruptions are     10    (like).

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed    1    (it) wording – using “global heating” instead of “global warming” , after scientists found that Earth’s temperature is set       2    (rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a “climate emergency”,       3    (become)the first parliament to do so.

If with “global warming”, we’re still inside our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of “global heating” is like   heading to   a   point    4    the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme    5     (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher    6     (frequent). There is no denying that we’re entering a climate emergency.

Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations,” but now it’s       7    (definite) our issue,     8    shift we all are living together.

However, getting these messages     9       is far from   enough.   It   depends on each to find a solution – if there are any solutions left to find. The UK’s Labor leader Jeremy urged that “we    10    ( take) rapid and dramatic action now”.

Indeed, language matters. But action matters even   more.

9 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Is Hothouse Earth Avoidable?

Nearly 50 years ago, the Club of Rome’s report “Limits to Growth” warned that if economic growth continued fast without regard for the environment, the world could face ecological and economic collapse in the twenty-first century. Yet that is essentially     1     has happened. As new research for the Club of Rome shows — and the latest report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states — the world     2     well be headed towards disaster.

Many wrongly     3    (interpret) the “Limits to Growth” as an attack on uncontrolled economic expansion. In fact, the report argued that     4     the unlimited-growth pathway was chosen, it would require complementary policies (including funding)     5     (preserve) the planet’s limited life-support systems.

This argument     6     (ignore). Instead, the world has continued to pursue fast growth, without regard for the environmental consequences. This has enabled us to make enormous progress in reducing poverty, increasing longevity, and increasing wealth.     7     it has come at a high cost to the formation of the society and the restoration of the planet.

As scientists have conclusively shown, in the last decade, we have entered a new geological era, the Anthropocene, in which human activity — in particular, economic activity — has been the dominant factor     8    (influence) Earth’s climate and environment. In the Anthropocene, our planet’s life-support system is changing faster than ever.

Climate change now represents a clear and present danger. If our planet becomes just 2°C warmer than pre-industrial temperatures, we may be placed irreversibly on the path toward “Hothouse Earth” — a situation     9     temperatures are many degrees warmer than today, sea levels are considerably higher, and extreme weather events are     10    (common) — and more destructive — than ever.