1 . Maybe in the near future, driverless cars may become common on the roads. Driverless cars have already been test-driven thousands of miles.     1     For instance, it helps reduce the number of accidents and traffic jams.

    2     That is because there are many issues that must be solved before the widespread use of them. One problem is that a driverless car cannot predict problems far down the road like a driver can. The driverless cars react to an emergency only when it actually occurs. For instance, a driver starts to slow down when he sees a child riding her skateboard directly into the road 0.2 km away.     3    

Driverless cars are not suitable for extreme weather conditions.     4     They don't predict or "feel" that the roads have become icy like an experienced driver would. For instance, when a road is icy, a human driver would step on the brakes more gently than when the roads are clean and dry.

Another issue is that driverless cars have maps programmed into their memory, but these maps aren't always updated and accurate. New roads are built, and old roads are closed down.     5     Perhaps one day, driverless cars will be everywhere, but we are not ready for that just yet.

A．The safety problems have almost been addressed.

B．However, they are not yet available for the public.

C．Many advantages can be associated to the driverless cars.

D．Driverless vehicles also have trouble adjusting to new roads.

E．They may become confused by fog, heavy rain, or heavy snow.

F．Due to this, a driverless car may get passenger to the wrong destination.

G．But the driverless car only takes action when the child is in its immediate path.

2 . As the coronavirus (冠状病毒) outbreak continues, many Americans are fearful of using public transportation. They are also looking for ways to get exercise without going to a gym. So, it may not be surprising that the pandemic (疫情) has led to a major increase in bicycle sales.

In the US, bicycles at big stores have sold out. And small bicycle stores cannot keep up with demand for “family-style” bicycles: the low-cost, easy-to-ride models. “The bicycle industry is seeing its biggest sales increase since the oil crisis of the 1970s,” said Jay Townley, an industry expert. He compared the sale of bicycles to the rush to buy products like toilet paper at the start of the pandemic.

The rise in bicycle sales is not happening just in the US. Italy has created bicycle paths for the growing number of people who want to avoid public transportation. In London, city officials plan to ban cars from some central roads. Bike shop owners in Manila say demand is even stronger than what they see at Christmas time.

Of course, you can only buy a bicycle if you can find one. In the US, the shortages now mean it may take many months to get a bicycle. High demand is not the only reason for the shortage. Many bicycle factories were shut down to stop the spread of COVID-19. The increase in bicycle demand began in March as countries began to close down. In April, the sale of bicycles increased 200 percent in the US.

Joe Minutolo is the co-owner of Bar Harbor Bicycle Shop in Maine. He said he hoped the increased sales meant a change in the way people think about transportation. “People are having a chance to rethink things,” he said, “Maybe we’ll all learn something out of this, and something really good will happen.”

1. What causes the increase in bicycle sales?

A．Shortage of public transportation.

B．Outbreak of the coronavirus.

C．People’s desire to defeat disease.

D．People’s fear of natural disasters.

2. What change has the pandemic caused in Italy?

A．More bikes are sold than at Christmas time.

B．“Family-style” bicycles are in great need.

C．Cars are banned from some central roads.

D．New bicycle paths have been built.

3. What can we know from Paragraph 4?

A．It’s impossible to buy a bike.

B．Bike factories were closed in April.

C．High demand for bikes began in March.

D．It takes many months to produce a bike.

4. What is Joe Minutolo’s attitude towards the increased sales of bicycles?

A．Doubtful.

B．Positive.

C．Uncertain.

D．Critical.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

New cars sold in Europe after May 2022 will be required to have     1     variety of new safety technologies. New safety rules from the European Union will require new cars to have ''intelligent speed assistance" systems as standard equipment. Besides, all cars will be fitted with breathalyzers （呼吸分析器）    2     won't allow driving if the driver has drunk too much alcohol.     3    （help） avoid accidents, cars must also have     4    （advance） systems to monitor the driver's attention levels.

Around 25,000 people     5    （kill） each year on Europe's roads, and most accidents are caused by human error. The European Commission has announced the new rules recently,     6    （say）intelligent speed limiters alone can     7    （effective） reduce road deaths.

There has been a mixed reaction to the new safety technologies. The European Union said the technologies would make driving much     8    （safe）. It said, “With the new technologies, we can have the same kind of impact （影响）as when safety belts were first introduced. "It added the new safety technologies could save up to 10,500 lives and avoid up to 60, 000 serious     9    （injury） by the year 2030. But many drivers are unhappy with the technologies. They thought     10     would be more dangerous to employ them, since driving requires human judgment.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空自处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

When I was in Australia, I accompanied a friend on his driving test. I was     1     (amaze) to learn that in Australia, people hardly go to driving schools. Instead, many people practice on the road with a licensed driver sitting next     2     them. But this doesn’t mean that getting a driving license is a piece of cake. This was the third time that my friend     3     (apply) to take the driving test.

The first time, after confidently driving over an intersection (十字路口), the     4     (examine) asked him to pull over and said that he should have stopped     5     car and looked right first and then left to make sure there was no other car approaching.

The second time, a car rushing in front caught him by surprise and he hit the brakes too hard. The examiner got     6     (anger) and asked him to get out. In Australia, the test is not about driving skills,     7     about following every rules.

After finally passing the test, my friend drove very     8     (careful) because in the first year of having a driving license, running two red lights results in the license being suspended (暂停使用). But one day he     9     (pull) over by a policeman who warned him that he was driving too slow and blocking the traffic. Actually, he was driving at a speed of 40 km/h,     10     is a totally acceptable speed in China.

5 . Urban Transportation in Canada

Public transportation & Transit passes

All cities and most major towns in Canada have a public transportation system with one or more modes of transportation (bus, subway, train, etc.). The bus is the most common form of urban transportation in Canada. To use public transportation, you must purchase a ticket or a transit pass. Transit passes allow you unlimited use of public transportation for a specific period (one month or more). They are usually cheaper than buying many tickets if you plan to use public transportation often.

Transportation for people with disabilities

Public transportation often has features to assist people with disabilities. In many cities and towns, there are also transportation services available specifically for people with limited mobility, such as specially equipped buses. You can find out about these services in the same way you would learn more about other public transportation options.

Etiquette on public transportation

When taking public transportation such as a bus or train, it is important to understand the unspoken rules of conduct in the shared space. Here are a few things to note:

◆ Be polite and respectful to others around you. For example, maintain an appropriate noise level when talking or making a phone call.

◆ If you are carrying a backpack or a large shoulder bag in a crowded public transit vehicle, keep it close to you, preferably at your feet to avoid hitting people with it as you walk by.

◆ Avoid pushing or touching others in order to make more room for yourself. Sometimes public transit can become very crowded, but it is important to keep calm and give others appropriate personal space.

◆ Have your proof of payment accessible in case you are asked to show it.

1. What is the advantages of using transit passes over buying tickets?

A．Lower costs.	B．Safer trips.
C．Longer service hours.	D．More use of transport.

2. How does the transportation system help people with disabilities?

A．By offering fewer transportation options.

B．By running special transport services.

C．By limiting their mobility on city buses.

D．By providing free rides in towns and cities.

3. What is considered impolite on public transportation?

A．Lowering your speaking voice.	B．Placing backpacks at your feet.
C．Having your proof of payment at hand.	D．Staying close to other passengers.

6 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Nowadays, it is common in China that some people tend to run the red light in group when crossed the street. Actually, running the red light are quite dangerous. There are two main reasons which people run the red light. First, some people are in such the hurry that they ignore the traffic lights. Others took it for granted that drivers have to stop because so many people cross the street together. In order to prevent from this dangerous behavior, more overpasses(立交桥) should be built to make easier for the public to cross the street. Besides, people should be educate to follow the traffic rules and whoever breaks the traffic rules should be severe punished.

7 . 语法填空

It's common to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes in a hurry through big cities in China. Some of them even risk     1     (run) red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such careless behavior often causes serious problems.

The reason for the rise of such a careless behavior is that there is     2     large demand for food delivery workers, and many companies offer high salaries     3    (attract) new workers.

In fact, food delivery workers are often under high     4    (press) from their employers. They face company fines for delivering food late. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more money they can earn,     5     leads to some workers checking     6    (they) mobile phones for new orders while they are riding their bikes

While most companies require delivery workers to follow traffic rules, it remains a problem whether these requirements and rules are     7    (strict) obeyed

To solve the problem, some cities     8    (take) action since last year. Shanghai required the delivery workers should    9    (train) on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned     10     driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.

8 . “I didn’t hear them call my name.” explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) when she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. “Are you ready?” is what she heard. Then she said, “I shook my head no, and then they said ‘yes’ and it was announced again.”

It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana—she was still on cloud nine.

“I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen.” Present in the audience that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.

AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete. “She’s always been my role model. I’ve danced with her since I was six. She’s been through so many difficulties and came through them all. I’ve learned to get over bad life’s experiences and learned how to move on because of her.” One of those bad life’s experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18.

As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving, together with many other things to help the teenagers.

When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers, she said, “Don’t let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way, it is easy to be yourself.”

1. The underlined words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “very______”?

A．Frightened

B．Happy

C．troubled

D．angry

2. Shelley takes her dance teacher as a role model mainly because she is _______.

A．determined

B．friendly

C．strict

D．experienced

3. What did Shelley often do after she become Miss Louisiana Teen?

A．She made speeches on safe driving.

B．She often gave dance performances.

C．She usually visited drunken drivers.

D．She helped teens with their students.

4. What suggestion does Shelley give to AT’s teen readers?

A．Have a good role model for themselves.

B．Meet their friends whenever it’s possible.

C．Always be nice to themselves and others.

D．Be themselves with the support of others.

9 . It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest man would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter.

Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense. It takes the most cool-hearted drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave, or thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.

However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical example is the driver who waves to a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.

An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total jams that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers can't even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship(驾车技能). Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that all of us took this message to heart.

1. According to the writer, a good driver should __________.

A．beat back when forced to face rude driving

B．be able to recognize politeness when he sees it

C．join in traffic stream quickly however other people feel

D．encourage children to cross the roads whenever they want to

2. Troubles on the road are often caused by _______.

A．great speed	B．traffic jams
C．terrible road conditions	D．the behaviors of the drivers

3. It is not always right for drivers to ________.

A．master roadmanship	B．create atmosphere of good will
C．encourage old ladies to cross the road	D．give a friendly nod to show politeness

4. What's the best title of the passage above?

A．Road Politeness	B．Traffic Jams
C．Good Manners	D．Modern Drivers

10 . Foreign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.

If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will clamped(扣留) until they pay—and they will face an additional fee of ￡80 for getting back their vehicles.

The law will also apply to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as “deposits” when the traffic law takes effect, because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.

Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often merely give warnings.

Three million foreign-registered vehicles enter Britain each year. Polish vehicles make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent.

Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2003 and 2008. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2008.

The new law is partly intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits on weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were registered overseas.

The standard deposit for a careless driving offence —such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel—will be ￡300. Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be ￡60. Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will.

1. The first paragraph serves as a(n) ________.

A．explanation	B．introduction
C．comment	D．background

2. The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely to be fined up to ________.

A．￡60	B．￡300
C．￡900	D．￡980

3. We can learn from the passage that ________.

A．many foreign drivers have been fined by Britain police

B．300,000 German vehicles enter Britain every year

C．25 percent of foreign vehicles entering Britain have failed safety tests

D．British drivers will be punished with points and fines for breaking the traffic law

4. The new traffic law is mainly intended to ________.

A．limit the number of foreign vehicles entering Britain

B．increase the Britain government’s additional income

C．reduce the rate of traffic accidents and injuries

D．get foreign drivers to appear in court