1 . Last Thursday, the world’s first self-driving, electric container ship made its first trip to Oslo, Norway. The ship’s owners aim to cut pollution by transporting large quantities of products by water on the southern coastal of Norway instead of by truck.
The ship, called the Yara Burkeland, is owned by Yara, a company that makes fertilizer (肥料). The company wanted to develop a zero-emission (零排放的) ship that was completely self-driving. Yara worked with a ship-building company called Vard and the technology company Kongsberg to develop the ship. The company says that in the future everything, including loading and unloading the ship, will be handled completely automatically.
The Yara Birkeland can carry 120 large containers like those pulled by trucks. But the ship is fully electric and is powered by batteries. The company says the ship has roughly as many batteries as 100 electric cars. The electricity that will be used to recharge the batteries is from renewable hydroelectric (水力发电) sources, so there’s no pollution at all.
The Yara Birkeland won’t usually be going to Oslo, and it won’t be traveling far, either. It will travel along a regular route from Yara’s factory in Porsgrunn up to the port in Brevik. By road, that’s a distance of about 14 kilometers. Yara normally uses diesel-powered (柴油动力的) trucks to move fertilizer between these locations.
Now, with the Yara Birkeland moving huge amounts of fertilizer by water, the company expects to suspend 40,000 yearly trips by diesel-powered trucks. That will prevent about one million kilograms of carbon emissions every year.
In the future, as an autonomous ship, the Yara Birkeland is expected to operate without any human involved. Yara plans to spend the next two years improving and testing the ship. But, as with many autonomous cars, the ship will continue to have humans watching over even if it is driving by itself.
1. Why will the products be delivered by ship rather than by truck?| A．To reduce the transport costs. | B．To shorten their delivery time. |
| C．Out of environmental concern. | D．Out of concern for their safety. |
| A．It uses natural gas as power. | B．It has more than one developers. |
| C．It is a completely self-driving ship. | D．It belongs to the government. |
| A．By listing figures. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By presenting reasons. | D．By following time order. |
| A．Roll out. | B．Stick to. | C．Cut out. | D．Turn to. |
2 . Getting around in Canada is fairly easy. Most cities have urban transportation systems, including buses, streetcars, and trains, and some of the larger cities also have subways.
You can board these systems at regular stops along their routes. Some let you pay with cash while others require tickets. If you don't have a ticket for the bus, you must pay with the correct amount of money. This is because the driver does not carry any change. If you plan to stay in a city for a long time, you may want to buy a monthly pass or a package of tickets to save money. You can buy subway tickets at any subway station.
If you have to take several buses or subways for a single trip, you do not need to pay money each time. Simply ask the driver for a transfer ticket, or take one from the machines on the subways platform.
If you are not sure where to board the bus or the streetcar, just ask someone or follow the crowd People can usually only board at the front of the bus where you show your pass to the driver. When using public transportation, Canadians line up. First come, first serve, is a common approach to many activities in Canada, and it is considered to be extremely rude to cut in any line.
Maps of routes and schedules are usually available from the public transit company in your area, and there is also a telephone information line. You may ask someone for the name of the transit company in your area, and then look it up in the telephone book.
1. What is this passage mainly about?| A．How to use public transportation in Canada. |
| B．How to save money when traveling. |
| C．Where to find subways in larger cities |
| D．How public transit companies work. |
| A．you may be given some change |
| B．you had better have the exact amount of money |
| C．it might cost you a little more |
| D．you can exchange money with the driver |
| A．you have to pay each time |
| B．you should buy another ticket from the machine |
| C．you must ask for the driver's permission |
| D．you just need to pay once |
