Microsoft-backed OpenAI is developing software capable of generating minute-long videos based on text prompts (提示), the company announced on Thursday.
The software, named “Sora” after the Japanese word for “sky,” is currently available for red teaming (红队测试),
“Sora is able
In addition
The video generation software follows OpenAI's ChatGPT chatbot, which
Sora is still a work-in-progress, with the company
OpenAI also mentioned that they are developing tools to determine whether a video is generated by Sora.
The new tool is not yet
2 . Even if you haven’t held a conversation with Siri or Alexa, you’ve likely encountered a chatbot online. They often appear in a chat window that pops up with a friendly greeting: Thank you for visiting our site.How can I help you today? Depending on the site, the chatbot is programmed to respond accordingly and even ask follow-up questions.
Chatbots are a form of conversational AI designed to simplify human interaction with computers. They are programmed to simulate human conversation and exhibit intelligent behavior that is equivalent to that of a human.
Chatbots communicate through speech or text. Both rely on artificial intelligence technologies like machine learning and natural language processing (NLP), which is a branch of artificial intelligence that teaches machines to read, analyze and interpret human language. This technology gives chatbots a baseline for understanding language structure and meaning. NLP, in essence, allows the computer to understand what you are asking and how to appropriately respond.
With developments in deep learning and reinforcement learning, chatbots can interpret more complexities in language and improve the dynamic nature of conversation between human and machine. Essentially, a chatbot tries to match what you’ve asked to an intent that it understands. The more a chatbot communicates with you, the more it understands and the more it learns to communicate like you and others with similar questions. Your positive responses reinforce its answers, and then it uses those answers again.
From customer service chatbots online to personal assistants in our homes,chatbots have started to enter our lives. In almost every industry, companies are using chatbots to help customers easily navigate their websites, answer simple questions and direct people to the relevant points of contact. Personal assistants like Siri and Alexa are designed to respond to a wide range of scenarios and queries, from current weather and news updates to personal calendars, music selections and random questions.
1. Why does the author mention Siri and Alexa in Paragraph 1?| A．To explain how a chatbot works. | B．To show where to find a chatbot. |
| C．To give examples of chatbots. | D．To compare different chatbots. |
| A．Language study. | B．Data transmission. |
| C．Social interaction. | D．Natural language processing. |
| A．Inspire. | B．Strengthen. | C．Organize. | D．Match. |
| A．The future trend of chatbots. | B．The author’s predictions. |
| C．The effects of chatbots. | D．The applications of chatbots. |
3 . Many got sleepless nights after Sora amazed the world with its remarkable ability of creating videos directly from text instructions. Discussions about what the artificial intelligence model can do and make a difference continue.
Some said it could give a huge blow to traditional industries such as film and television making, looking forward to the day when a movie can be created right after a novel is put into the model. But others remain skeptical about how powerful the model can be in changing the landscape of AI application.
Developed by a group of young talent from Microsoft-backed company OpenAI, the text-to-video model can generate videos up to a minute long while maintaining visual quality and adherence to the user’s prompt.
Shen Yang, a professor at the School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University , said, “Sora represents a revolutionary leap in the field of AI-generated content (AIGC).”
As one of the leading scholars in AI research in China, Shen leads a team that studies the philosophy of AI. Until he learned about Sora on February 16, Shen was quite satisfied with his team’s AI-generated videos. A two-minute video on the Spring Festival produced by Shen’s team have recently won many likes on social media platforms. “Compared with the new model Sora, what we used are tools of the previous generation. There’s a huge gap in between," said Shen.
As a frequent user of AI, Shen said the technology not only helps improve his productivity, but also benefits his daily life. His wife was suffering from cancer and many complications, and he used AI to assist in finding treatment, which has remarkably prolonged her life. He even wrote an award-winning science fiction novel using AI.
However, new technologies do not mean good news to everyone. Many also concern about AI models’ safety issues since related regulations are lagging behind.
Sora is going to bring changes in many fields, including short video, film and television, news, games, advertising, education, and even industrial manufacturing, according to Shen. There is still much room to improve AI models. For instance, current AI models are not capable of drawing characters accurately and quickly. Shop signs lack meaning in Sora’s demo video showing a woman walking down a street in Tokyo. But these problems are believed to be solved as models update.
1. Which of the following might have similar meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 2?| A．push. | B．strike. | C．warning. | D．bonus. |
| A．All people can not benefit from the new AI technologies. |
| B．AI model’s safety isn’t concerning despite lagging legal restrictions. |
| C．The AI-generated videos by Shen Yang’s team were better than those created by Sora. |
| D．The text-to-video model was developed by a group of young talent from Tsinghua University. |
| A．Favorable. | B．Objective. | C．Unconcerned. | D．Reserved. |
| A．Sora: An AI video. | B．Video Making: AI Models. |
| C．Sora: A Powerful AI Tool. | D．Video Making: Future of AI. |
Are you still discussing and getting your head round Chat GPT,
5 . A better early warning system for tsunamis may soon be possible with the help of artificial intelligence. AI technology can detect very small disturbances in satellite signals when a tsunami’s waves begin to form, which could bring felicity to coastal communities, providing warnings long before the tsunami hits.
“There is no global network for detecting tsunami waves, and setting up physical hardware, like buoy-based systems, is expensive,” says Valentino Constantinou at Teran Orbital Corporation, a satellite manufacturing company based in Florida. “But we know that small satellites are just increasing rapidly everywhere.”
Those GPS satellites are important because they constantly exchange radio signals with ground stations. Crucially, the speed of the radio signals is affected by the density (密度) of charged particles (带电粒子) in an area of Earth’s ionosphere (电离层). Tsunami-caused shock waves travelling up into the atmosphere affect the density of these particles, generating small but measurable changes in the satellite radio signals.
Constantinou and his colleagues developed a computer program to measure changes in the density of these charged particles caused by the formation of a tsunami and then transformed the data into images that can be analysed by AI models. They then tasked the AI with identifying tsunami-related features within the images.
The researchers trained and tested the AI on data from three earthquake-caused tsunamis: one that struck Chile in 2010, a 2011 event in Japan and an event that occurred off Canada’s west coast in 2012. They then confirmed the AI’s performance on data from a fourth tsunami, which was caused by the 2015 Ⅲapel earthquake off the coast of Chile. This showed how well the AI could distinguish tsunami-related disturbances from normal variations in the ionosphere.
But Constantinou says it remains to be seen if performance based on data from four tsunami events can lead to accurate detection of a more diverse set of tsunamis and the rarity of huge tsunamis makes it challenging to analyse and predict such events. A truly effective tsunami detection system would also require international cooperation to share data from satellite stations.
1. What does the underlined word “felicity” probably mean in Paragraph 1?| A．Challenge. | B．Welfare. | C．Qualification. | D．Freedom. |
| A．They stay steady in extreme weather conditions. |
| B．They can predict the exact location of a coming tsunami. |
| C．Their signals can directly pass through Earth’s ionosphere. |
| D．Their signals can reflect charged particle density changes. |
| A．Showing the damage brought by tsunamis. |
| B．Proving the accuracy of the AI’s performance. |
| C．Helping the AI analyse tsunami information. |
| D．Offering basic information on tsunami detection skills. |
| A．AI can spot early signs of a tsunami |
| B．A tsunami warning system is on the way |
| C．Satellites play a key role in global cooperation |
| D．Tsunamis won’t be a threat to humans in the future |
6 . In the past, you may have had to carry a phrasebook with you when traveling to other countries. Nowadays, more and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode (译解 ) text but also to speak. Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation, but it often makes a blunder. However, DeepL Translate does better, offering various options, most of them along the correct lines.
Travel has long been a motivator for study-unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. As AI translation becomes an even more popular labor-saving tool, people can be divided into two groups.There will be those who want to stretch their minds and immerse (使沉浸于) themselves in other cultures. This lot will still take on language study,often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and puzzlement, and eventually give up trying to learn it.
As for the use of AI tools, some are concerned that apps are turning language learning into a downward trend. Douglas Hofstadter, a writer, has argued that something profound will disappear when people talk through machines. He describes giving a difficult speech in Mandarin, which requires a lot of work but offers a sense of accomplishment in the end. Who will take pride in taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest?
Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have to be exposed to a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanising themselves or training their brains.
But a focus on the learner alone misses the basic social nature of language. When you try to ask directions in broken German, you are making direct contact with someone. When you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing, that connection is more profound.The best relationships do not require an intermediary (中间人).
1. What does the underlined word "blunder" in paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Mistake. | B．Choice. | C．Adjustment. | D．Decision. |
| A．They may not offer accurate translations. |
| B．They may make language learning less popular. |
| C．They may weaken people's interest in other cultures. |
| D．They may provide a limited service for language learning. |
| A．It provides people with new experience. |
| B．It can replace traditional language study methods. |
| C．It represents a new tendency to language learning. |
| D．It lessens the sense of achievement in language study. |
| A．It enables cultural exchanges. | B．It improves communication skills. |
| C．It strengthens connections with others. | D．It adds fun to the storytelling experience. |
7 . A recent research suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) could hold the potential for predicting sudden cardiac (心脏的) death and assessing an individual’s risk to potentially prevent future deaths. This development may mark a novel step towards prevention and global health strategies.
Professor Xavier Jouven, lead author of the study, said, “Sudden cardiac death, a public health burden, represents 10% to 20% of overall deaths. Predicting it is difficult, and the usual approaches fail to identify high-risk people, particularly at an individual level. We proposed a new approach.”
The scientific team employed AI to analyze medical data obtained from registries and databases in Paris, France and Seattle. They examined records of 25,000 individuals who had experienced sudden cardiac arrest and compared them with data from 70,000 people from the general population. The matching process involved age, sex and residential area. Using AI, the scientists created about 25,000 personalized health models to evaluate the data and identify individuals at high risk of sudden cardiac death. Additionally, they established a risk file for each participant in the study.
The AI analysis was able to identify people who had more than 90% of risk dying suddenly, and it can predict about more than one-fourth of all cases of sudden cardiac death. “We have been working for almost 30 years in the field of sudden cardiac death prediction. However, we did not expect to reach such a high level of accuracy,” said Jouven, who is the founder of the Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center.
Jouven added. “While doctors have efficient treatments, the use of AI is necessary to detect in a given subject a succession of medical information registered over the years. We hope that with a personalized list of risk factors, patients will be able to work with their clinicians to reduce those risk factors and ultimately decrease the potential for sudden cardiac death.”
1. What can be known about sudden cardiac death?| A．It is hard to predict and prevent. |
| B．Researchers still can do nothing about it. |
| C．It accounts for the highest percentage of all deaths. |
| D．Old approaches can effectively identify its high-risk people. |
| A．Its result. | B．Its process. | C．Its purpose. | D．Its participants. |
| A．Worried. | B．Amazed. | C．Annoyed. | D．Disappointed. |
| A．The Biggest AI Development in 2024 | B．Using AI to Stop Future Cardiac Attack |
| C．Improved Prediction of Death in Patients | D．Predicting Sudden Cardiac Death Using Al |
1. Who is Valkyrie named after?
| A．A female astronaut. | B．A movie character. | C．A figure from a mythology. |
| A．Clean solar panels. |
| B．Focus on exploration. |
| C．Check equipment outside the spacecraft. |
| A．A robotics company. | B．A human-like robot. | C．A space center. |
| A．NASA is developing software for Valkyrie. |
| B．NASA aims to put robots in space. |
| C．NASA releases a new research report. |
9 . A new study reveals that pigeons (鸽子) can tackle some problems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them to solve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previous research has theorized that pigeons employ a problem-solving strategy, involving a trial-and- error approach, which is similar to the approach used in AI models but differs from humans’ reliance on selective attention and rule use. To examine it, Brandon Turner, a psychology professor at the Ohio State University, and his colleagues conducted the new study.
In the study, the pigeons were presented with various visual images, including lines of different widths and angles, and different types of rings. The pigeons had to peck (啄) a button on the right or left to indicate the category to which the image belonged. If they got it correct, they received food; if they were wrong, they received nothing. Results showed that, through trial and error, the pigeons improved their accuracy in categorization tasks, increasing their correct choices from about 55% to 95%.
Researchers believed pigeons used associative learning, which is linking two phenomena with each other. For example, it is easy to understand the link. between “water” and “wet”. “Associative learning is frequently assumed to be far too primitive to. explain complex visual categorization like what we saw the pigeons do,” Turner said. But that’s exactly what the researchers found.
The researchers’ AI model tackled the same tasks using just the two simple mechanisms that pigeons were assumed to use: associative learning and error correction. And, like the pigeons, the AI model learned to make the right predictions to significantly increase the number of correct answers. For humans, the challenge when given tasks like those given to pigeons is that they would try to come up with rules that could make the task easier. But in this case, there were no rules, which upsets humans.
What’s interesting, though, is that pigeons use this method of learning that is very similar to AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate how smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigeons as not clever animals,” he said.
1. What is the purpose of the new study?| A．To test a theory. | B．To evaluate a model. |
| C．To employ a strategy. | D．To involve an approach. |
| A．Draw circles. | B．Correct errors. | C．Copy gestures. | D．Identify images. |
| A．They are of equal intelligence. |
| B．They are good at making rules. |
| C．They respond rapidly to orders from humans. |
| D．They employ simple ways to get things done. |
| A．Pigeons’ trial-and-error method is revealed |
| B．Pigeons outperform humans in tough tasks |
| C．“Not smart” pigeons may be as smart as AI |
| D．AI models after pigeons’ learning approach |
In the heart of Silicon Valley, Ethan and Olivia, two high-school teens, found themselves part of a big change: using AI in their studies. They were at a famous school where they were constantly under pressure to be excellent, but for both of them, English, especially the writing section, was a constant headache.
Ethan was great with analyzing but struggled when it came to creative writing. He found it hard to put his thoughts into words and his essays didn’t have the emotional depth that touched readers. Olivia, however, was a natural storyteller who could spin exciting tales that kept her friends on the edge of their seats, but she wasn’t so good with grammar and sentence structure.
One day, their teacher showed them an AI helper called “WordsAI”. In the beginning, they doubted how a machine could possibly understand the slight differences of human emotion and thoughts. But as they tried it out, they were surprised by how well it understood what they needed. WordsAI not only provided real-time grammar and spelling checks but also offered practical suggestions to improve their writing. It even helped them develop their own unique writing styles, and looked as if it could read their thoughts! With WordsAI’s help, Ethan could express himself clearly and emotionally, while Olivia improved her writing without losing her creativity.
However, their journey with WordsAI was not smooth all the way. With time going on, Ethan found Olivia started depending too much on the AI’s advice, even using it to come up with story ideas, which made her lose her unique perspective (观点) over time. Ethan was concerned that she was copying others’ work, so he suggested she should not rely on WordsAI too often. This caused a disagreement between them. Ethan questioned if Olivia was too dependent on AI, while Olivia argued that he was too stubborn to embrace technology that could assist them.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a big talk, they realized they weren’t using WordsAI in the proper way.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Over time, they figured out how to mix technology with their own creativity in a harmonious way.
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