Several studies in recent years have suggested that ride-sharing services like Uber can
The new study,
Overall, the researchers reported that ride-sharing trips now result in an estimate 69% more climate pollution on average than the
One of the big reasons they give for this result is that usually ride-sharing vehicles
The study urges services like Uber
1. How does the woman feel now?
| A．Shocked. | B．Afraid. | C．Angry. |
| A．A doctor. | B．A policeman. | C．The woman’s friend. |
| A．A locker. | B．A letter. | C．Some money. |
3 . Proper questioning has become a lost art. The curious four-year-old asks a lot of questions-incessant streams of “Why?” and “Why not?“ might sound familiar-but as we grow older, our questioning decreases. In a recent survey of more than 200 of our clients, we found that those with children estimated that 70-80% of their kids’ dialogues with others were comprised of questions. But those same clients said that only 15-25% of their own interactions consisted of questions. Why the drop of?
Think back to your time growing up and in school. Chances are you received the most recognition or reward when you got the correct answers. Later in life, that motivator continues. At work, we often reward those who answer questions, not those who ask them. Questioning conventional wisdom can even lead to being distanced, or considered a threat.
Because expectations for decision-making have gone from ”get it done soon“ to ”get it done now“ to ”it should have been done yesterday, “ we tend to jump to conclusions instead of asking more questions. And the unfortunate side effect of not asking enough questions is poor decision-making. That’s why it’s vital that we slow down and take the time to ask more and better questions. At best, we’ll arrive at better conclusions. At worst we’ll avoid a lot of rework later on.
Aside from not speaking up enough, many professionals don’t think about how different types of questions can lead to different outcomes. We should lead a conversation by asking the right kinds of questions, based on the problem we’re trying to solve. In some cases, we’ll want to expand our view of the problem rather than keeping it narrowly focused. In others, we may want to challenge basic assumptions or confirm our understanding in order to feel more confident in our conclusions. Therefore, asking the right kinds of questions is what counts in achieving a goal.
1. What does the underlined word ”incessant“ in paragraph 1 most probably mean?| A．Constant. | B．Random. | C．Noisy. | D．Innocent. |
| A．One poses a threat to the company if they ask questions. |
| B．Those who ask questions don’t necessarily get positive feedback. |
| C．One doesn’t have as many opportunities as they did in childhood. |
| D．Those who question popular beliefs don’t have interpersonal skills. |
| A．Redoing is unavoidable despite thoughtful questions. |
| B．Better questions can surely result in desirable outcomes. |
| C．Some people think it can’t be too fast to make a decision. |
| D．We’ll make reasonable decisions as long as we ask questions. |
| A．Proper questions that should be raised. |
| B．Important goals that we are to achieve. |
| C．Right kinds of answers to the questions. |
| D．The reasons for the loss of questioning art. |
4 . Heritage sites of outstanding and universal value located along the African coast are at threat of rising sea levels, and increased climate change adaptation is urgently needed for the protection of the heritage sites, according to research.
The research, published last week by the University of Cape Town’s African Climate and Development Initiative, indicated that more heritage areas are exposed to flooding compared with erosion. Findings showed that 56 of 284 identified African heritage sites are at risk of a 100-year coastal extreme event. Furthermore, the researchers project the number of exposed sites to more than triple by 2050.
Michalis Vousdoukas, scientific officer at the European Commission and lead author of the report, said the Loss of forts and castles along the coast would have strong consequences not only for the people living in their neighborhood, but also the international community. He said many of the sites are deeply connected with peoples’ identity and tradition, and they are essential for social well-being, safe-guarding traditional knowledge and livelihoods.
The research findings highlight the urgent need for increased climate change adaptation for heritage sites in Africa, including governance and management approaches, site-specific vulnerability assessments, exposure monitoring and protection strategies. The findings also indicated that reducing greenhouse gas emissions would result in a 21 percent reduction of the median exposed area, as well as 25 percent fewer sites that would be highly exposed by the end of the century.
The National Museums of Kenya, a state corporation that manages cultural and natural heritage, is working with communities to conserve sites that are threatened by coastal flooding and erosion. Fatma Twahir, the chief curator （负责人） of heritage site Fort Jesus in Kenya’s coastal Mombasa city, told Kenya News Agency that the National Museums of Kenya has partnered with the cultural protection fund to train curators and communities living near the heritage sites to keep them safe.
1. What does the underlined word “event” refer to in the context?| A．the natural disaster | B．the loss of forts and castles |
| C．the international support | D．the environment adaptation measures |
| A．Those forts and castles are of great economic value in terms of tourism. |
| B．The loss of those sites would conceal the identity of the people living nearby. |
| C．If the sites got damaged, the whole world would be influenced as well as the local. |
| D．The protection of those sites is necessary for the safety of the whole continent. |
| A．Monitoring all the heritage sites. |
| B．Reducing greenhouse gas emissions. |
| C．Assessing the short-term climate change. |
| D．Developing new methods of governing their countries. |
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Many people believe that classical music is not relevant to young people today. However, this issue (问题) frequently causes heated debate.
Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people. For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the majority is over the age of fifty.
Others say it is more popular than we first imagine. Many young people listen to classical music without realizing. It is often used in films and advertisements. For example, a famous piece of classical music was used as the theme music for the 1990 World Cup. Not many people could have given its name, but millions enjoyed it.
Also, some people point out that young people produce new music based on classical ideas: for example, it is said that rap (说唱) music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music.
However, young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped (超越) by technology. To play a classical instrument, such as a violin, you need to study hard and practise for hours. Nowadays, you don’t need to get aching arms from practising. A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom.
A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer to a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras (管弦乐队). This makes it even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant to young people.
So, it may be only a minority of young people who play classical instruments, but when it comes to enjoying classical music, it depends on the piece of music. It may be more relevant to young people in the modern world than they realize!
Title | Classical Music | |
Introduction | The issue of whether classical music is | |
Opinions | Evidence | |
★Classical music is associated only with the | ☆ | |
★Many young people don’t some music they listen to is classical. | ☆Classical music is often found in films and advertisements. | |
★Classical ideas provide a for producing new music. | ☆Young people now | |
★ | ☆A young man can write and make music on a computer | |
★“Classical music” can refer to various | ☆Classical music ranges from jazz to pieces for large orchestras. | |
Conclusion | Classical music may still be (80) | |
| A．A lawyer and his client. |
| B．A policeman and a crime victim. |
| C．A passenger and a pedestrian. |
要求：
语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范，词数60~80。
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8 . Taking a trip to the grocery store with an empty belly is a risky business, as anyone who ever went to the market on an empty stomach and exited with a cart (手推车) full of chips and cookies can prove. We wonder how our brain works when making bigger decisions. A study conducted by researchers from the University of Dundee shows why we may want to have a small bite before making a big decision.
Benjamin Vincent from the University of Dundee’s Psychology department and his co-author Jordan Skyrnka tested 50 people two times: once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once when they did not eat anything during the day. Using three different types of rewards (food, money, and song downloads), the team discovered that when people were hungry they would choose a smaller reward immediately rather than a larger one in the future. In fact, the team noted that when presented with the option of receiving the reward now versus (与……相对) double the award at some point in the future, participants would usually volunteer to wait for 35 days to earn a double bonus, but when they were hungry, they said they would only wait three days.
“We wanted to know whether being in a state of hunger had a specific effect on how you make decisions only relating to food or if it had broader effects, and this research suggests decision-making gets more present-focused when people are hungry,” Vincent said in a story about the study on the university’s website.
In an earlier study of the subject by a team at Cambridge University in England, the researchers noted that serotonin (血清素) plays an important role in the decision-making process. “Since the raw material for making serotonin — an amino acid (氨基酸) called tryptophan — only comes from diet, levels of the chemical decline between meals,” reports a piece in the Telegraph about the study. “This can lead to decision-making resistance and thoughtlessness,” say the team. “Some foods are particularly rich in the amino acid, notably chicken soup and chocolate. Red meat, dairy products, nuts, seeds, bananas, tuna, shellfish, and soy products are also good sources.” Consequently, being in a state of hunger can throw your decision-making off balance. It’s best to grab a snack and refuel before making any important choice.
1. What could a hungry customer do at a grocery store?| A．Purchase too many snacks. | B．Eat more food than usual. |
| C．Wander longer than before. | D．Buy many small necessities. |
| A．Hunger may have no effect on decision-making. |
| B．Hunger may cause people to choose an instant prize. |
| C．Hungry people prefer future rewards to present ones. |
| D．Hungry people are more patient than non-hungry people. |
| A．Positive influences. | B．Negative results. |
| C．Energetic behaviors. | D．Favorable responses. |
| A．How to make a diet plan before a dinner | B．Where to pick up food when shopping |
| C．Why not choose snacks when in hunger | D．What to eat before making a big decision |
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座的内容;
3.同学们的反响。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Safety Education against Drowning
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| A．Taking a plane. |
| B．Reading the newspaper. |
| C．Watching the news on TV. |
