1 . Brandon Leseberg and his sons, Louie, 6 years old, Everett, 3 years old, headed for their farm one afternoon. When the sun set, Brandon_______ feeding his cows and decided to go back. His two boys ran ahead of him. Louie_______at a water tap on top of an old well to drink water. However, the board on the well had grown fragile(易碎的) over time. When Louie stepped on it, it was_______. Louie fell into the well! Brandon didn’t notice the_______until Everett told him. Brandon ran to the well with worry and jumped in, and luckily, he_______Louie.

Knowing they couldn’t stay in the ice-cold water for so long, Brandon put his own legs against the narrow walls to_______himself when he lifted his son, _______his body was still partly sliding down. Though tired, Brandon shouted to Everett, “You have to be_______. Run to the road and stand by the mailbox until someone stops. Tell them we need _______.” Everett did as he was________.

Minutes passed like hours for Brandon. He’d been hoping for the________of strangers, but there was no sign of anyone. ________, about 15 minutes later, Christi and Mark, their neighbors, were coming to rescue them when they heard Everett crying for help. Finally, Brandon and Louie were________by the neighbors. Brandon was________for all the rescuers’ action. “If there is a(n)________in this story, it’s three-year-old Everett. He’s a real lifesaver”, the neighbors said.

2 . John Utsey went hiking with his two children one Saturday in August. While strolling along a trail (小路) in New Mexico’s Santa Fe National Forest, they heard someone calling out. About 600 yards away, they found a man ______ on the ground. He had spent 14 days waiting for ______ to arrive.

Two weeks earlier, the man ______ his back in the forest. Unable to stand or walk, he had to wait and hope ______ hikers would find him. As more days passed, he ______ by filling a water bottle from a stream by his side. When John found him, it was ______ that he wouldn’t be able to ______ for much longer.

After giving him all their food and water, John and his kids ______ back to the trailhead. The moment they had reception, John called 911. When the rescuers arrived, he ______ them straight to the ______ .

Because the man was in such bad ______ they built a fire to raise his body temperature before they tried to ______ him. The rescue team carried the man back down the trail. After nine long hours, he was ______ out of the woods!

Now, he’s getting the best ______ possible at a local hospital, where he can rest ______ and hopefully make a full recovery.

4 . A woman in her 20s from Aztec, New Mexico, went on a hiking trip in the Deer Park area along the Colorado Trail. She __ off-path and didn’t follow the pathway. __ , she headed south along the Animas riverbank.

That’s when her worst __ happened. She fell off along the mountain’s side while taking photos. She also broke her leg and was forced to spend two nights in the cold ___without knowing how she could get out. Slowly but surely, she found a place where she could easily be __ and started calling for help.

The Silverton Narrow Gauge Train was carrying people to appreciate the beautiful ___of Silverton. One train __ noticed a woman who was crying for help. She told the train conductor, who __ asked for an emergency response team to __ them in their rescue. The two train conductors, Nick and Kylah stopped the tour train and asked the passengers to wait as they __ to rescue the woman. Nick got supplies and materials on the train to __ the hiker’s broken leg. Kylah stayed with her and kept her __ until the Silverton Medical Rescue Team arrived. The woman was rescued and sent to __ . Luckily, aside from the broken leg, she __ just fine. She thanked all the people involved, especially the train conductors. The __ could have happened but for the train passenger who noticed her asking for help.

5 . Crowdfunding (众筹) campaigns to help people with cancer pay for ineffective alternative treatments are becoming more common. They often come with six-figure targets to meet the cost of debatable therapies. ________, headlines are almost guaranteed.

The BMJ (British Medical Journal) reports ________ over this, based on information I gathered working for the charity Good Thinking. By sorting fundraising sites like JustGiving and GoFundMe, I identified appeals from people in the UK who sought money for unproven or disproven treatments, finding 400 in the past three years. Those have raised £7 million, the money destined for ________clinics.

Although the treatments, such as extreme diets, aren’t backed by scientific evidence, people who are desperate and vulnerable are often ________by remarkable testimonials(证明书) provided by the clinics themselves. However, for those who see such stories in the media, and who care about following good scientific evidence, the natural reaction is to try to ________people from possible physical, emotional and financial harm.

________ these appeals isn’t easy. People with cancer often view these therapies as ________, and their supporters don’t want to consider that their efforts to help may cause harm.

However, journalists must review the role they play in promoting the ________. Their influence is powerful. As I sorted through appeals and the heartbreaking stories of desperately ill people, I was ________ by just how many cited success stories they had read in newspapers as their reason for trusting questionable treatments.

Most concerning of all were the frequent cases where someone had died—sometimes just months after eye-catching ________of their treatment. While the uplifting story of a community helping fund someone’s “cure” is attractive, the subsequent reality when that hope proves fruitless seems far less ________.

This leaves the public with a ________ view of the effectiveness of such treatments, and serves as an advertising tool for clinics which, under UK law, wouldn’t be able to directly promote their therapies.

If journalists wish to avoid promoting ineffective treatments, they would do well to view such stories not just as human-interest ones, but as ________ and health stories. This means ________the evidence behind treatments, seeking expert opinion on their efficacy, and choosing not to run stories that fail such a careful examination.

I’m certain no journalist would want their work to be used as a recruitment tool for therapists whose treatments offer nothing but heartbreak and false hope, yet until reports of miraculous cancer cures in questionable clinics are approached with an appropriate level of skepticism(怀疑), I fear such places will continue to ________.

6 . No business would welcome being compared to Big Tobacco or gambling. Yet that is what is happening to makers of video games. For years parents have casually complained that their offspring are “addicted” to their smartphones. Today, ________, ever more doctors have using the term literally.

On January 1^st “gaming disorder” — in which games are played ________, despite causing harm — gains recognition from the Worth Health Organization. A few months ago China, the world's biggest gaming market, announced new rules limiting children to just a single hour of play a day. Western politicians worry publicly about some games' similarity to gambling. Clinics are sprouting around the world, promising to cure patients of their habit.

Are games really addictive? Psychologists are ________. The case for the defence is that this is just another moral panic. Killjoys in the past issued ________ serious warnings about television, rock 'n' roll, jazz, comic books, and even novels. As the newest form of mass media, gaming is merely enduring its own time in the stocks before it eventually ceases to be controversial. Furthermore, defenders argue, the criteria used to diagnose gaming addiction are too ________. Obsessive gaming, they suggest, is as likely to be a symptom (of depression, say) as a disorder in its own right.

The prosecution refutes that, unlike rock bands or novelists, games developers have both the motive and the means to engineer their products to make them ________. The motive arises from a business-model shift. Many use a "free-mium" model, in which the game is free and money is made from purchases of in-game goods. That ________ playtime directly to profits. The means is a combination of psychological theory and data that helps games-makers ________ that playtime. Psychologists already know quite a lot about the sorts of things that animals, including humans, find rewarding. Smartphones use their permanent internet connections to send gameplay data back to developers. That allows products to be constantly fine-tuned to ________ spending.

While psychologists argue about the finer points of what exactly counts as addiction, the industry should recognize that, in the real world, it has a problem. Clinics are already reporting booming business, as lock-downs have given gamers more time to spend with their hobby. The regulatory climate for tech is getting ________. And being associated in the public mind, fairly or not, with gambling and tobacco will not do the industry any favours.

It would be wise to get ahead of the discussion. A good place to start would be with hard data. Many of the studies supporting the opinion that games are addictive in a ________ sense are not clear: they rely on self-reported symptoms, contested diagnostic criteria, and so on. Even basic questions about the amount of time and money spent by users are hard to answer. The industry has an abundance of ________ that could help. But gaming firms mostly keep details of how gamers behave ________, citing commercial sensitivity.

In the long run, that will prove unwise. Gaming firms should make more of their data available to researchers. If — as seems likely — worries about addictiveness are ________, it is hard to think of a clearer way of showing it. And if not, it is better for firms to recognize the problem now and do something about it ________. The alternative is that regulators will force them to act. And once a government is seized by a fit of moral panic, it can lash out.