社会练习题及答案-2023年上海高中英语高一期中-组卷网

完形填空(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项研究，表明长时间工作造成职业健康风险，每年导致数十万人死亡。

1 . “Working long hours poses an occupational health risk that kills hundreds of thousands of people each year,” the World Health Organization says.

People working 55 or more hours each week face a(n) _________ 35% higher risk of a stroke and a 17% higher risk of dying from heart disease, _________ to people following the widely accepted standard of working 35 to 40 hours in a week, the WHO says in a study that was published in the journal Environmental International.

“No job is _________ the risk of a stroke or heart disease,” WHO Director — General Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, _________ governments, businesses and workers to find ways to protect workers’ health.

The global study, which the WHO calls the first of its kind, found that in 2016, 488 million people were _________ to the risks of working long hours. In all, more than 745,000 people died that year from overwork that resulted in stroke and heart disease, according to the WHO.

“Between 2000 and 2016, the number of deaths from heart disease _________ working long hours increased by 42%, and from stroke by 19%,” the WHO said as it announced the study, which it conducted with the International Labour Organization.

The study found the highest health _________ from overwork in men and in workers who are middle-aged or older. Regionally, people in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific region had the _________ exposure to the risk. People in Europe had the lowest exposure. In the US, less than 5% of the population is exposed to long working hours, according to a map the WHO published with the study. That proportion is _________ to Brazil and Canada — and much lower than Mexico and in countries across most of Central and South America.

Several steps could help __________ the burden on the workers, the study states, including governments’ adopting and enforcing __________ standards on working time. The authors also say employers should be more flexible in scheduling, and to __________ their employees on a maximum number of working hours. In another step, the study __________ workers arrange to share hours, so no one is working 55 or more hours in a week.

To compile (编写) the report, researchers reviewed and __________ dozens of studies on heart disease and stroke. They then estimated workers’ health risks based on data drawn from a number of sources, __________ more than 2,300 surveys on working hours that were conducted in 154 countries from the 1970s through 2018.

1.

A．actual

B．precise

C．accurate

D．estimated

2.

A．compared

B．relevant

C．related

D．referred

3.

A．causing

B．worth

C．taking

D．avoiding

4.

A．calling in

B．calling up

C．calling on

D．calling at

5.

A．supposed

B．exposed

C．tied

D．forced

6.

A．instead of

B．resulted in

C．due to

D．lead to

7.

A．burdens

B．benefits

C．levels

D．tests

8.

A．best

B．worst

C．least

D．most

9.

A．similar

B．likely

C．helpful

D．common

10.

A．add

B．increase

C．ease

D．share

11.

A．living

B．labour

C．quality

D．technical

12.

A．agree on

B．agree to

C．agree up

D．agree with

13.

A．adopts

B．suggests

C．describes

D．assists

14.

A．argued

B．insisted

C．analyzed

D．maintained

15.

A．including

B．conducting

C．composing

D．solving

2023-12-10更新 | 64次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市东华大学附属奉贤致远中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

书面表达-图表作文 | 适中(0.65) |

环境保护社会问题与社会现象

2 . Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
如今一次性塑料制品（disposable plastic products）在我们生活中随处可见，很多人已经将其视为必不可少的生活用品。请简述使用一次性塑料制品的好处和弊端，可参考表格信息；并谈谈你对使用一次性塑料制品的建议。

Advantages	Disadvantages
便利，卫生（hygienic adj.）	塑料制品对人体潜在危害
可回收，反复利用	不可生物降解（not biodegradable）威胁野生动物存活
用途广泛（如医疗用品）	增大碳足迹，对环境负面影响

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2023-12-06更新 | 44次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海交通大学附属中学浦东实验高中2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试卷(含听力)

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

阅读理解-六选四(约400词) | 较难(0.4) |

社会问题与社会现象

名校

文章大意：这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了孩子们的不负责任和非理性思维的特点问题，并提出了可能正是这种非理性思维让世界变得更好。作者呼吁成年人应该从孩子们身上学习，并强调学习应该是相互的，而不是单向的，成年人对孩子们的信任不足，导致对他们的限制，而成年人应该尊重孩子们的意愿。

3 . For kids like me, being called childish can be a frequent occurrence. Every time we make irrational demands or exhibit irresponsible behavior, we are called childish. Take a look at these events:imperialism, colonization, world wars, etc. Who’s responsible? Adults.

What have kids done? Anne Frank touched millions with her powerful account of the Holocaust, Ruby Bridges helped to end segregation in the United States, and, most recently, Charlie Simpson helped to raise 120,000 pounds for Haiti on his little bike. 1 The traits the word childish addresses are seen so often in adults that we should delete this age-discriminatory word when it comes to criticizing behavior associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.

Then again, who’s to say that certain types of irrational thinking aren’t exactly what the world needs? Maybe you’ve had grand plans before but stopped yourself, thinking, “That’s impossible,” or, “That costs too much,” or, “That won’t benefit me.” 2 Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations and hopeful thinking. Like my wish that no one went hungry or that everything were a free kind of utopia (不切实际的空想). Sometimes a knowledge of history and the past failures of utopian ideals can be a burden because you know that if everything were free, then the food stocks would become depleted and scarce and lead to chaos. But in order to make anything a reality, you have to dream about it first.

3 For instance, the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington, has a program called Kids Design Glass, and kids draw their own ideas for glass art. The resident artists said they got some of their best ideas through the program because kids don’t think about the limitations of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes; they just think of good ideas.

Our inherent wisdom doesn’t have to be insiders’ knowledge. Kids already do a lot of learning from adults, and we have a lot to share. I think that adults should start learning from kids. Learning between grownups and kids should be reciprocal (相互对等的). 4 If you don’t trust someone, you place restrictions on them. Adults seem to have a universally restrictive attitude towards kids from every “don’t do that, don’t do this” in the school handbook to restrictions on school Internet use. Kids have no or little say in making the rules. The adult population should learn and take into account the wishes of the younger population.

A．In many ways, our courage to imagine helps push back the boundaries of possibility.

B．Therefore, as you can see evidenced by such examples, age has absolutely nothing to do with it.

C．What’s even worse than restriction is that adults often underestimate kids’ abilities.

D．The reality, unfortunately, is a little different, and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it.

E．For better or worse, we kids aren’t held back as much when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things.

F．But there’s a problem with this rosy picture of kids being so much better than adults.

2023-11-28更新 | 70次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

听力选择题-短对话 | 适中(0.65) |

日常生活意外事故

名校

4 .

A．4．

B．5．

C．6．

D．7．

2023-11-22更新 | 78次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试题（含听力）

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

完形填空(约440词) | 困难(0.15) |

科普知识社会问题与社会现象说明文

名校

文章大意：本文为说明文。文章讨论了幻灯片带来的恐慌。

5 . The Great PowerPoint Panic of 2003.

Sixteen minutes before touchdown on the morning of February 1, 2003, the space shuttle Columbia (“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机)______ into the cloudless East Texas sky. All seven astronauts aboard were killed. As the shattered shuttle flew toward Earth in pieces, it looked to its live TV viewers like a swarm of shooting stars.

The immediate ______ of the disaster, a report from a NASA Accident Investigation Board determined that August, was a piece of insulating foam (绝缘泡沫胶) that had broken loose and damaged the shuttle’s left wing soon after liftoff. But the report also ______ out a less direct, more surprising cause. Engineers had known about - and inappropriately______ - the wing damage long before Columbia’s attempted reentry, but the flaws in their analysis were ______ in a series of overstuffed computer-presentation slides that were shown to NASA officials.

By the start of 2003, the phrase “death by PowerPoint” had well and truly entered the ______ vocabulary. Edward Tufte was the first to have taken it literally: That spring, the Yale statistician published a booklet entitled The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint, whose core argument was that the medium of communication influences the substance of communication. While PowerPoint, as a medium, did not ______ create unclear, lazy presentations, it certainly ______ and sometimes even masked them — with potentially deadly consequences. This is exactly what Tufte saw in the Columbia engineers’ slides.

Wired ran an excerpt (节选) from Tufte’s booklet in September 2003 under the headline “PowerPoint Is Evil.” A few months later, The New York Times Magazine included his assessment — summarized as “PowerPoint Makes You Dumb” — in its ______ of the year’s most important ideas. “Perhaps PowerPoint is uniquely suited to our modern age of confusion,” the entry read.

Despite the backlash it inspired in the ______, the presentation giant rolls on. The program has more monthly users than ever before, well into the hundreds of millions. During lockdown, people ______ PowerPoint parties on Zoom. Kids now make PowerPoint presentations for their parents when they want to get a puppy. If PowerPoint is evil, then evil ______ the world.

On its face at least, the idea that PowerPoint makes us stupid looks like a textbook case of misguided technological doomsaying. Today’s concerns about social media somehow resemble the PowerPoint critique. Both boil down to a worry that new media technologies ______ form over substance, that they are designed to hold our attention rather than to convey truth, and that they make us stupid.

______, concerns about new media rarely seem to make a difference. If the innovation did change the way we think, we are measuring its effects with an altered mind. Either the critical remarks were wrong, or they were so right that we can no longer tell the ______.

1.

A．disappeared

B．disintegrated

C．distributed

D．disappointed

2.

A．side

B．cause

C．feature

D．issue

3.

A．collected

B．unified

C．dropped

D．single

4.

A．discounted

B．viewed

C．accessed

D．founded

5.

A．muted

B．absorbed

C．buried

D．sunk

6.

A．technical

B．popular

C．negative

D．special

7.

A．possibly

B．reasonably

C．ordinarily

D．necessarily

8.

A．accommodated

B．combined

C．distinguished

D．enhanced

9.

A．abstract

B．repetition

C．review

D．brief

10.

A．press

B．publication

C．media

D．criticism

11.

A．opened

B．created

C．threw

D．jumped

12.

A．rules

B．harmonizes

C．impacts

D．roars

13.

A．feature

B．encourage

C．value

D．defend

14.

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Certainly

D．Surprisingly

15.

A．difference

B．truth

C．time

D．concern

2023-11-18更新 | 403次组卷 | 2卷引用：上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试题

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |

犯罪与惩罚记叙文生活故事

名校

文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了侦探Denny查明究竟谁绑架了小猫Mousie的故事。

6 . The Catnapper Mystery

Cody, the catnapper, had a talent for taking cats from trees, yards, and porches. He’d keep them until their owners paid for their return. One day, Milly’s kitten Mousie was missing. Milly accused Cody. “No way!” said Detective Denny. “I saw Cody catch a train to Planters Plain this morning. Mousie can’t have been kidnapped (绑架) by Cody!”

“There are no paw prints on my lawn,” noted Milly. “Mousie didn’t just scamper off!”

“And there are no sneaker prints,” said Detective Denny. “Cody only wears sneakers.” Then he noticed tiny holes in the grass that looked like they were made by high-heeled shoes. Denny pulled out a pencil. He was very careful as he measured the holes. “Half a pencil deep! Only Patty Perry’s Pet Shop wears heels that high and thin.”

Milly and Detective Denny ran to Patty’s, where a man was loading pets into a van. “Where are these animals going?” asked Milly.

“To Carter’s Cats in Planters Plain,” he replied.

“Where is Patty Perry?” asked Detective Denny.

“She had to catch a train,” said the man.

“Hmmm,” thought Denny. “Cody’s full name is Cody Carter. Sounds like Carter’s Cats! And he’s on a train to Planters Plain.”

Denny figured Patty would sell the cats and then Cody would steal them back. Only this time, Patty made the snatch. “They resell the cats in Planters Plain,” he realized, “and split the money!”

“Sounds illegal!” said the man with the van.

The Planters Plain police met the train and took the catnappers straight to jail. Best of all, the cats in captivity, including Milly’s Mousie, were returned to their owners.

1. Millie accused Cody of taking her cat because ________.

A．Cody was a detective	B．Cody was a catnapper
C．Cody owned a pet shop	D．Cody had a van

2. The clue that helped Detective Denny most was ________.

A．holes from Patty’s high heels	B．prints from Mousie’s paws
C．footprints from Cody’s sneakers	D．pets in the van

3. Which event happened after Milly and Denny ran to Patty’s Pet Shop?

A．Cody left for Planters Plain.	B．Mousie was missing.
C．The catnappers went to jail.	D．Denny looked at Milly’s lawn.

2023-11-15更新 | 52次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市延安中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

犯罪与惩罚意外事故

名校

文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述继成都崇州发生恶犬伤人事件后，中国的几个城市正在加强管理狗的政策。

7 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. victim            B. amount            C. end up          D. better off
E. charged          F. highlighting       G. concerns       H. fortunately
I. specifically       J. stroll                 K. initiatives

In the aftermath (余波) of a distressing incident in Chongzhou, a county-level city of Chengdu, where a 2-year-old child fell 1 to a violent Rottweiler attack, several cities across China are strengthening their dog management policies.

An investigation team in Chongzhou said on Tuesday that the kid’s been 2 after being transferred to West China Hospital of Sichuan University for further treatment, though a large 3 of money is in need for her to fully recover. An online fundraising campaign have launched and 4 raised 1.5 million yuan ($205,000) to help the little girl. On the other hand, the dog’s owner, surnamed Tang, 5 with raising prohibited breed of dog, has been caught by the police.

The incident has aroused widespread public 6 . One user on Sina Weibo called for the maximum penalty. “If these incidents aren’t harshly punished, many irresponsible dog owners will continue to neglect their responsibilities.”

To curb such incidents and enhance public safety, numerous regions are releasing strict dog management strategies. Regions like the Ebian Yi autonomous county (自治县) in Sichuan are taking decisive action 7 against unrestrained dogs. Unleashed dogs found in public spaces will be treated as strays and 8 being captured, and owners held accountable for any ensuing consequences. Similar 9 have been launched in Hefei, Anhui province, where unleashed dogs in public areas will face capture, 10 the importance of responsible pet ownership.

2023-11-15更新 | 43次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市延安中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

阅读理解-阅读单选(约290词) | 适中(0.65) |

社会问题与社会现象说明文

名校

文章大意：这是一篇说明文，文章讲述英国南海岸一带居民面临的问题，由于白色悬崖被侵蚀，他们的家园将被海水吞噬，继而引发了居民和政府对待这一问题的解决办法和不同态度。

8 . People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem that the sea had eaten into the soft cliffs (悬崖) where residents live. In 2020, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.

Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has gone farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting in ten years their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.

Angry owners have asked the Government to build sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would only make the waves go further along the coast, shifting (转移) the problem from one area to another. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.

1. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?

A．The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.

B．The experts’ lack of knowledge.

C．The rising of the sea level.

D．The washing-away of cliffs.

2. According to the second paragraph, the erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England __________.

A．will soon become a problem for people living in France

B．has now become a threat

C．is quickly changing the map of England

D．can be stopped if proper measures are taken

3. It is not possible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ___________.

A．it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas

B．the government is too slow in taking action

C．they will be easily knocked down by waves

D．house agents along the coast do not support the idea

2023-11-10更新 | 27次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市回民中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

完形填空(约220词) | 适中(0.65) |

环境保护社会问题与社会现象说明文

名校

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。马尔代夫是世界上最美丽的国家之一，但是这个国家面临着可能被海水淹没的危险，马尔代夫政府一直在竭尽全力与大海抗争，没有人愿意看到这个小岛国从世界上消失。

9 . Is global warming killing the Maldives?

The Maldives is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. Every year, millions of _______ go there to enjoy the wonderful _______. And in recent years, more and more people would like to visit it, why? Because the little island country is _______. If global warming _______ , say scientists, the country will go _______ into the ocean within 100 years. That means the Maldives might have _______ by 2100.

The Maldives lies in the Indian Ocean. It is the _______ country on earth—its highest point is only 2.4m above sea level. _______ greenhouse gas emissions(排放), sea levels will _______ between 9cm and 88cm by 2100. If scientists are ________, most of the Maldives will be covered with water in years.

Last October, Maldivian President Mohamed Nasheed and his cabinet(内阁)held the world’s first underwater cabinet meeting to make the world ________ the terrible consequence from global warming to their own country. In December, he________ at the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference(大会) in Copenhagen, trying to ask for ________ from the world for his country. The president even has a ________ to buy a new homeland and move his country and people to a new place.

The Moldavian government has been doing all to fight the ________ . But the fate of the islands is in the world’s hands. No one wants to see this little island country disappear from the world.

1.

A．scientists

B．tourists

C．presidents

D．doctors

2.

A．freedom

B．technology

C．food

D．view

3.

A．in trouble

B．for ever

C．as usual

D．all right

4.

A．disappears

B．happens

C．misses

D．continues

5.

A．down

B．up

C．above

D．far

6.

A．signaled

B．confused

C．disappeared

D．torn

7.

A．highest

B．high

C．lowest

D．low

8.

A．Instead of

B．Because of

C．With the help of

D．Thanks for

9.

A．raise

B．improve

C．lift

D．rise

10.

A．wrong

B．correct

C．helpful

D．dangerous

11.

A．get

B．guess

C．realize

D．expect

12.

A．served

B．spoke

C．worked

D．sang

13.

A．help

B．plans

C．problems

D．talents

14.

A．task

B．problem

C．plan

D．notice

15.

A．tourists

B．place

C．island

D．sea

2023-11-10更新 | 60次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市回民中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

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23-24高一上·上海·期中

听力选择题-短文 | 较难(0.4) |

购物选择社会问题与社会现象

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．Because they want to relax.	B．Because they have a lot of leisure time.
C．Because they are looking for fun.	D．Because they want to find something valuable.

2.

A．They are tired of luxurious but not practical goods.

B．They want to get value for money.

C．They appreciate the real crafts of the old workman.

D．They consider the price of used goods reasonable.

3.

A．Popularity of second-hand books.	B．Real artist works in the past.
C．A real bargain in local bookstores.	D．A new fashion about second-hand goods.

2023-11-04更新 | 34次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市五校2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中联考英语试题（含听力）

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