1 . Charles Revson, founder of a successful cosmetic（化妆品） firm, once said, “In our factory we make lipstick. In our advertising, we sell hope.”

We could use a little more hope. I think that is why people buy lottery tickets（彩票）. One poor mother, who was raising her children on a small salary earned from long hours of hard work, was asked, “Why do you waste your money on a lottery ticket when you can hardly make ends meet?”

“Yeah, I buy a ticket every day,” the woman admitted. “But a dollar is not too much to pay for 24 hours of hope.”

There are probably better uses for her money than buying lottery tickets. But she would rather hang onto a little hope that onto her dollar.

We need hope in life. Without it, far too many people come to the conclusion that they are powerless in the face of difficulties. “It can’t be helped.” is their motto. Without hope, they won’t make needed changes. They are powerless.

I’ve found that I can either be a prisoner of circumstances or a practioner hope. I can feel sorry for myself and helpless to do anything about my problems, or I can believe there is a realistic chance for something better.

Norman Cousins, in his book Head First: the Biology of Hope, explains the power of hope. He tells of two doctors who were to deliver a paper at a national meeting of caner specialists. One was truly puzzled. “I don’t understand it, Bob,” he said. “We use the same drugs of the same dosage（量）, and the same schedule of treatment. Yet I get a 22 percent recovery rate and you get a 74 percent recovery rate. How do you explain that?”

The other responded, “We both use Etoposide（依托泊苷）, Platinol（顺铂）, Oncovin（长春新碱）, and Hydroxyurea（羟基脲）. You put those letters together and tell people that you are giving them E-P-O-H. I put them together and explain to them that they are receiving H-O-P-E.”

1. Why did the poor mother buy lottery tickets?

A．She put her hope on them.

B．She won much money through them.

C．She did it just for fun.

D．She wanted to make ends meet.

2. What does Norman Cousins mainly tell us in Head First: the Biology of Hope?

A．The wisdom of doctors.

B．The cure for cancer.

C．The power of hope.

D．Experiences of doctors.

3. How did Bob raise his recovery rate?

A．He used different kinds of medicine.

B．He used the medicine in different order.

C．He made the patients hopeful.

D．He gave the patients larger dosage.

4. How does the author make his viewpoint convincing?

A．By studying essays.

B．By explaining cause and effect.

C．By telling his own experience.

D．By giving examples.