1 . Phyllis Ramberg,85,lives alone in Hyattsville,Maryland,in the same house for many decades.“Children keep asking me,‘When are you going to move to one of those retirement villages?’I say,‘No,no.My friends are here, my church is close,’”Ramberg said."I've got everything I need,right in this neighborhood."A year ago,Ramberg was able to take care of her backyard.This year,she just can't do it herself."When illnesses happen,you just don't have the capability that you thought you had before,"she said.
That's where "Aging in Place",a non-profit organization,comes in.Founder Lisa Walker says she and her friends are among the seven percent of Hyattsville residents who are 65 or older."A number of my neighbors are also around my age,"Walker said."We started talking about some of the concerns we had.Several of us had had issues with parents that were getting older and they were far away from them and didn't know how to take care of them or get support."
Seniors can call Walker's organization with a request,for example,asking for someone to shop for groceries,do small chores around the house or drive them to the doctor.Then a volunteer is assigned to provide the help.Most of the calls are for rides to the doctor."They take me to all my medical appointments,"said Louise Battiste,who is almost 90.
Aging in Place volunteer Sally Middlebrooks says that a review of new volunteers' background,such as driving records and any criminal history is just as important as the training they receive.“We want the seniors,people we call neighbors,to be assured that they are with safe,reliable people who are also caring people,”Middlebrooks said.
The volunteers also gain some benefits."I've learned how to stay connected to people,your family and friends," Walker said."Do I stay close to them?Do I try to keep myself devoted to the community,relating to people younger than I am?"Middlebrooks said."I'm learning a lot about this whole process of aging,and I'm learning,to my alarm,that it's very difficult.But I'm also meeting people who amaze me with their flexibility and their sense of humor and their ability to stay very much alive despite aches and pains."
Not all volunteers are retired.Courtney Wattai,24,is a graduate student at American University in Washington who studies care giving and plans to have a career working with seniors."That's kind of what I want to do because I want to make sure I'm able to improve their lives,"Wattai said.“I want to be involved in their lives,not just sitting at a desk doing things.I thought this would be a good way to give tribute to my grandparents and what they had done for me and my brother."
It makes Walker happy to see the younger generation stepping up.She hopes that's how residents in her neighborhood will always care for each other.
1. Why do people who want to be volunteers need to be checked?| A．Because seniors in the neighborhood just don't have the capability that they had before. |
| B．Because Aging in Place makes volunteers get connected to people,their family and their friends. |
| C．Because Aging in Place plans for them to have a career working with seniors. |
| D．Because Aging in Place wants to make sure the volunteers are qualified for their work. |
| A．staying connected to people is volunteers' responsibility |
| B．the work of caring for the old also brings good to the volunteers |
| C．the process of aging is very difficult for the volunteers to understand |
| D．the old people's ability of surviving the hardships is amazing |
| A．Respect. | B．Care. |
| C．Award. | D．Aid. |
| A．concerned | B．optimistic |
| C．doubtful | D．pessimistic |
1. What does the man have trouble with?
| A．His job. | B．His study. | C．His friends. |
| A．Five. | B．Six. | C．Eleven. |
| A．Ask others for advice. | B．Work hard on the project. | C．Step up and be a team leader. |
| A．The leadership. | B．The friendship. | C．The teamwork |
3 . Today’s workplace is unique in history. Never before have we seen people working together who represent such different backgrounds and experiences. This difference of age, race, gender, and work style makes it very difficult to organize and run a company.
As a result, companies are looking for individuals who can manage a wide range of employees effectively. Increasingly, managers are discovering that age differences among workers are a major cause of concern.
This has been an important realization. The management difficulties and challenges have led some experts to study intergenerational differences for an understanding of problems in the workplace. What they have discovered is interesting and may provide ways of improving working conditions in companies that employ individuals from different generations.
The first thing to realize, they say, is that differences of opinion about the importance of work and how to get work done are not a coincidence. That is, it is not an accident that young employees will be different from older employees. In fact, if employers do not pay attention to these differences, it is possible that anger will build up between people and lead to difficulties in the company.
Resentment (仇恨) between members of different generations, if not attended to, can lead to extreme anger and unhappiness and even lasting enmity if people are not careful. That individuals from different generations should come to view each other as if they were from different sides of warring countries should not be surprising.
It is natural for individuals from the same generation to form alliances (联盟), to come together for protection. Different generations represent different experiences in life, and these lead naturally to different opinions about oneself and one’s approaches to work.
If you were raised in a time of plenty, when products were readily available and relatively inexpensive, you would believe that prosperity is natural and expectable. If, on the other hand, you were raised in a time of scarcity, you would always be careful not to waste things for fear you would not have enough. You would make angry people who seem to believe that problems will always solve themselves. Such optimism in the face of difficulties would be a source of unhappiness between you and them. It is difficult, in such circumstances, to achieve a happy, agreeable atmosphere in the workplace.
1. According to the experts, employers should realize ______ if they want to avoid anger between employees.| A．the different understanding of problems in the workplace |
| B．the different views on value of work and working methods |
| C．the different genders of employees in the workplace |
| D．the different ways of expressing anger in the company |
| A．hatred | B．sorrows |
| C．ignorance | D．forgiveness |
| A．Employees in some companies regard each other as mere enemies. |
| B．Employees’ attitudes towards life are related to the time when they grow up. |
| C．Employees who are raised in a time of scarcity tend to be angry with others. |
| D．Achieving a harmonious atmosphere in the workplace is the main task for employers. |
| A．Employees should be cooperative and friendly with each other. |
| B．It is difficult for employers to have workers work in a friendly way. |
| C．The weakness of human nature causes the anger between employees. |
| D．The generational differences cause the disharmony among employees. |
I am constantly shocked at how little talented people earn. I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100, 000 a year. A business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle financially. It was this business consultant who gave me the phrase, “They are one skill away from great wealth.”
There is an old saying that goes, “Job means‘ just over broke (破产)' ”. And unfortunately, I would say that the saying applies to millions of people. Because school does not think financial intelligence is intelligence, most workers“
When I ask the classes I teach, “How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald's?” almost all the students raise their hands. I then ask, “So if most of you can cook a better hamburger, how come McDonald's makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonald's is excellent at business systems. The reason so many talented people are poor is because they focus on bui1ding a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems. The world is filled with talented poor people. They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger.
1. The author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph to show that .
| A．he is just one of the talented people |
| B．he is ready to help others |
| C．he has a sharp sense of hearing |
| D．he knows little about car repairing |
| A．spend more than they can afford |
| B．do in their own way |
| C．live in their own circle |
| D．live within what they earn |
| A．They don't work hard enough. |
| B．They lack financial intelligence. |
| C．They don't make full use of their talents. |
| D．They have no specialized skills. |
| A．skills at making hamburgers. | B．good business systems |
| C．talented workers | D．excellent service |
| A．how young people can find a satisfactory job |
| B．what schools should teach students |
| C．why so many talented people are poor |
| D．how McDonald's makes much money |
1. What company does the man work for?
| A．Apple. | B．Google. | C．Facebook. |
| A．He wants to write about food. |
| B．He wants to make more money. |
| C．He wants to open his own restaurant. |
| A．By selling books on his website. |
| B．By working for different restaurants. |
| C．By getting payment from some companies. |
| A．Tomorrow. | B．Next month. | C．Next year. |
1. What occupation is mentioned in the talk?
| A．A manager. | B．A teacher. | C．A salesman. |
| A．Asking proper questions about the company. |
| B．Letting the interviewer know more about you. |
| C．Giving as much advice as possible to the interviewer. |
| A．Being friendly as much as possible. |
| B．Being confident and preparing well. |
| C．Giving as much information as possible. |
| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. |
What should you think about when trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.
1. We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.
| A．learning better at school shows power in your job |
| B．the better you are at school subjects, the more helpful they are in your career. |
| C．learning each subject well is an ability in many jobs. |
| D．we should think about how to find our career |
| A．have no hope in his future work |
| B．be hopeful to find a suitable job |
| C．regret not having worked harder at school |
| D．have an opportunity of a new beginning in his future work |
| A．mathematics | B．English | C．history | D．technical drawing |
| A．heavy- handed | B．the best | C．important | D．skilled |
| A．The relationship between school performance and career |
| B．how to get a job |
| C．How to show strengths in your work |
| D．working experience and knowledge at school |
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
| A．university researchers know little about the commercial world |
| B．there is little exchange between industry and academia |
| C．few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university |
| D．few university professors are willing to do industrial research |
| A．Flexible work hours. | B．Her research interests. |
| C．Her preference for the lifestyle on campus. | D．Prospects of academic accomplishments. |
| A．do financially more rewarding work | B．raise his status in the academic world |
| C．enrich his experience in medical research | D．exploit better intellectual opportunities |
| A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market. |
| B．Develop its students’ potential in research. |
| C．Help it to obtain financial support from industry. |
| D．Gear its research towards practical applications. |
此行多一个词：用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）， 在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
After I finished school, I began to look for a work.
Now several months has passed, but I haven’t found the
job I’m interested. Last Sunday morning, I received a
phone call from a man called Mr. Wang. He said on
the phone, “I hear you do well on your studies. I may
offer you a job.” I entered into his office with a beating heart.
How I wished I will go through the job-hunting talk
and that she would take on me as an assistant.
But to my surprised, what he said disappointed me.
That he needed was only a model.
