1 . Everyone complains. Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful.     1     Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.

    2    

When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.

Make a list of things you are grateful for.

You often complain about the things you don’t have without noticing those things you already have. Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves.     3    

Learn to adapt to the changes.

There are many things you can’t change.     4     Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents’ and friends’ support, you can survive any life changes.

Allow yourself to vent (发泄) your feelings every once in a while.

Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up. If you are really going through a rough time, don’t be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.

Find what makes you happy.

    5     Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy. Choose happiness, focus on the positive, and be kind always!

A．Sometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy.

B．The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.

C．Change the way you think.

D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job?

E．Set down things you are thankful for and you’ll see that you don’t have any reason to complain.

F．Make friends with positive people.

G．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?

2 . What did the man plan to do on March 1st?

A．Apply for some classes.

B．Call the travel agent.

C．Go to the mountains.

3 . What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A．Gary’s works.

B．Gary’s application.

C．Gary’s list of samples.

4 . Reactions to Disappointment

No one gets through life without experiencing many disappointments.     1     They tend to react to it in negative ways. They feel depressed (意志消沉的) or try to escape their troubles instead of using disappointment as a chance to grow.

One negative reaction to disappointment is depression. For example, Helen, a woman trying to win a promotion（晋升）, works hard for over a year in her department.     2     Deeply depressed, Helen loses her love for her job.

    3     Jamal fails to get into the college his brother is attending, the college that was the focus of all his dreams, and decides to escape his disappointment. He covers up his real feelings by giving up on his schoolwork and getting completely busy with friends, parties, and “good times.”

The positive way to react to disappointment is to use it as a chance for growth. This isn’t easy, but it’s the only useful way to deal with an unavoidable part of life.     4     If her boss doesn’t recognize her talent and hard work, perhaps she could move to another department. Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance so that she would be sure to get the next promotion.     5     Going to another college may encourage him to be his own person, out of his brother’s shadow, and realize that being turned down by one college isn’t a final judgment on his abilities or potential.

Disappointments are unwelcome but regular visitors to everyone’s life. Step over the unwelcome visitor on the doorstep and get on with life.

A．Jamal should look into other schools.

B．Instead, Jamal doesn’t worry about college at all.

C．However, the boss names one of Helen’s co-workers for the spot.

D．Another negative reaction to disappointment is the desire to escape.

E．Strangely, though, most people seem unprepared for disappointment.

F．Helen could have handled her disappointment by looking at other choices.

G．All the other employees tell Helen she is the one who deserves the promotion.

5 . Move over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow(扫雪机)parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的)parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.

Helicopter parenting, the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration (挫折) or lose opportunities.

It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.

Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.

Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature(成熟的) enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.

But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?

“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t gain them.”

1. What do we know about snowplow parenting?

A．It appeared before helicopter parenting.

B．It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.

C．It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.

D．It provides more than enough services for children.

2. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?

A．To show teenagers are no better than babies.

B．To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.

C．To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.

D．To show it’s correct to help children when necessary.

3. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?

A．Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.

B．Children mastering more key life skills than parents.

C．Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.

D．Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up

6 . 假定你是李华，有一位美国朋友John托你在北京找工作。当你看到《中国日报》(China Daily)上刊登了一则招聘启示的时候，你认为很合适。请你用英文写一封短信，用E-mail发给John，告知此事。广告原文如下：

Foreign Teachers Wanted!

The Education Department of the Ladder Information Company Limited is running an English course for children and adults.

Requirements:
1. Native English speaker
2. University degrees in education or related field preferred
3. Foreign expert certification(证明)
If you are interested, please call us:
Tel: 0086-10-68019433
E-mail: liecbjhotmail. com
Beijing Ladder Information Company Limited
注意：
1.词数80词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
Dear John,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Li Hua

7 . Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.

Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.

The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.

“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.

The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.

The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.

1. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?

A．Building confidence.	B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self-control.	D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.

2. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？

A．Parents’ age.	B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education.	D．Child-parent relationship.

3. How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?

A．They play with puzzles more often.

B．They tend to talk less during the game.

C．They prefer to use more spatial language.

D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．A mathematical method.	B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist	D．A teaching program.

8 . How do you get yourself to take action now? Here are some powerful suggestions.

Focus intensely on the positive things that your actions will accomplish.     1     Whether it's something you're seeking to accomplish, or something you're seeking to be rid of. picture exactly how your life will be after the work is done. The more intensely you can imagine it, the better.

    2     The only real reason you have for avoiding action is because you associate some kind of pain or discomfort with it. Therefore, it helps to associate something even more painful with not taking action. Instead of focusing on the relatively minor pain of taking action, focus instead on the major pain of not taking action.

    3     Think of all the reasons you can come up with to not take action, and then destroy all those reasons with a single word —"But." Simply state the excuse, put the word "but" after it, and then finish the sentence. For example, “I’ve never done this before, BUT I can learn." Stick the word "but" in there, and challenge yourself to finish the sentence.

Take the first small step. Don't even concern yourself with committing to the whole project or course of action. Just do something very easy and very small. The point is to find a little momentum（动力）    4     Then climb aboard the momentum train, and let it help you keep the effort going.

Make it fun. Realize that just about anything can be fun if you'll think of it as fun and enjoyable. Find a way to make something fun, and not only will you want to do it; you'll also be better at it.     5    

A．You always choose what to do,

B．Lay all your excuses out on the table and deal with them.

C．In your mind, picture in great detail what your actions will bring you.

D．Whatever you must do to achieve success, find a way to enjoy it.

E．Focus on the negative things that will happen if you don't take action.

F．Getting started with your biggest task or most difficult action may seem too much.

G．Once you take that small action, let yourself fully enjoy how great it feels.

9 . Health advice on hand sanitizers

Antibacterial hand sanitizers（免洗洗手液）are marketed as a good alternative（替代品）when soap and water are not available. Manufacturers say that their sanitizers kill 99.9 percent of germs（细菌）, but research suggests that this not the case.

How do hand sanitizers work?

Most sanitizers are alcohol-based; they work by removing the outer layer of oil on our skin, then the alcohol kills the bacteria.

However, Barbara Almanza, associate professor at Purdue University, notes that hand sanitizers do not significantly reduce the amount of bacteria, and in some cases, can increase it.

So the question arises, how can manufacturers say sanitizers kill 99.9 percent of bacteria?

How can manufacturers make the 99.9 percent claim（声称）?

Manufacturers test their products on bacteria-tainted surfaces. In this controlled environment, hand sanitizers do kill 99.9 percent of bacteria. However, the human hand is a lot more complex and goes through a lot of different changes in a day compared to a controlled surface.

These tests allow manufactures to obtain consistent results. But , in reality, how effective are hand sanitizers in killing bacteria in everyday life?

Hand sanitizer VS hand soap and water

Almanza says that soap and water are the best way to clean your hands. Hand sanitizer cannot and should not be a direct replacement.

However, they are a useful alternative. To effectively kill bacteria, studies recommend that people use sanitizers that are at least 60 percent alcohol. Also, sanitizers won’t work if you have dirty hands, so wipe them with a tissue or napkin before sanitizing.

What about antibacterial soaps?

Research has shown that regular soap is just as effective as antibacterial soap in reducing bacteria-related illnesses.

In fact, some consumer antibacterial soap may increase some bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics（抗生素）, making them more dangerous.

Other studies show that overly clean environments will negatively affect children by preventing their immune（免疫的）system development. Children need to fight off common germs to develop their immune systems.

1. What do we know about antibacterial hand sanitizers?

A．Most work similarly to hand soap.

B．Most use alcohol to kill the bacteria.

C．Most can’t remove oil on our skin.

D．Most bring more bacteria to people.

2. What problem does the research find about the manufacturers’ claim?

A．Their conclusion isn’t drawn from real-life environments.

B．Manufacturers don’t test their products before selling them.

C．Their products don’t kill the bacteria people usually have.

D．Manufacturers don’t tell the public how they get their conclusion.

3. Which is the first choice to clean your hands, according to Almanza?

A．Wet tissue.

B．Hand sanitizer.

C．Hand soap and water.

D．60 percent alcohol and water.

4. What does the text tell us about antibacterial soaps?

A．Some contain dangerous antibiotics.

B．They kill more bacteria than regular soaps.

C．They might be harmful for children’s development.

D．Some are proved to increase the amount of bacteria.

10 . Kemira had just jumped in the shower when she heard her mother knocking at the door. Kemira's 30-day-old daughter was_________. The 24-year-old new mother burst out of the_________and began patting her daughter on the back. Ryleigh ，the baby，was usually quick to cry. Now she didn't make a_________.

The three had hardly_________out of their house when they met will Kimbro,a school officer, shouting that the baby had stopped breathing. _______for his help, Kemira handed the baby to Kimbro. He put a hand on her little chest. Ryleigh's heart was_______beating.

Kimbro_______for an ambulance-it was seven minutes out and the_______ was even further away. Then he began tapping Ryleigh's chest, hoping to make her heart back into_______.Thanks to the CPR(心肺复苏术) class, Kimbro knew the choking baby didn't have a________to survive if there was a blockage, and he used one finger to clear her airway. That was the________ touch:20 seconds later, Ryleigh began to________.

While waiting the ambulance,Kimbro________the delicate chest compression(按压) and regularly clearing her airway.

At the hospital,Ryleigh________quickly-thanks to a________school police offer who was in the right place at the right time.

1.

A．infected

B．injured

C．choking

D．missing

2.

A．bathroom

B．kitchen

C．bedroom

D．study

3.

A．sound

B．face

C．movement

D．mark

4.

A．caught up

B．finish up

C．got it

D．made it

5.

A．Ready

B．Thankful

C．Desperate

D．Bound

6.

A．naturally

B．steadily

C．strongly

D．barely

7.

A．headed

B．longed

C．radioed

D．hunted

8.

A．station

B．museum

C．school

D．hospital

9.

A．schedule

B．practice

C．action

D．position

10.

A．choice

B．chance

C．right

D．reason

11.

A．dangerous

B．foolish

C．gentle

D．magic

12.

A．laugh

B．cry

C．bite

D．sleep

13.

A．continued

B．followed

C．started

D．refused

14.

A．returned

B．recovered

C．changed

D．woke

15.

A．determined

B．generous

C．gifted

D．serious