1 . About five days ago, my back started tightening in the middle region. A couple of days ago, I was trapped in my bed, unable to move.
It was a wonderful experience. The room looked no different from a Western medicine examination room.
After they placed the needles, the doctor asked me how I felt. I told her I couldn’t feel any pain.
| A．The mysterious ancient healing art of acupuncture was amazing. |
| B．Chinese medicine tend to regard the patient’s symptoms as a whole. |
| C．I hated the looks from my doctor for symptoms that Western technology can’t handle perfectly. |
| D．I felt like I was in an altered state of relaxation, a different dimension, even. |
| E．The doctor told me to be patient and wait for the needles to take effect. |
| F．I sat down and discussed my symptoms with the medical student. |
| G．This actually indicated that I was responding well to the treatment. |
If you come across
Sheng Jinyun, born in 1935, a famous expert in pediatric asthma (儿科哮喘),
Though
3 . After spending the last two years terrified of getting Covid-19, last month our three-year-old daughter-too young to be vaccinated-got sick. There was an
We spent a few
At this point in the pandemic, the health of our children-not of our businesses-should be put first. For starters, that means we need a larger
Even in the midst of the nightmare of my toddler testing
As we enter year three of the pandemic, I have a
And they’re already paying the bill.
1.| A．isolation | B．injection | C．outbreak | D．occasion |
| A．upset | B．sleepless | C．pleasant | D．enduring |
| A．weapon | B．tool | C．treatment | D．method |
| A．Unless | B．But | C．Since | D．While |
| A．easily | B．barely | C．hurriedly | D．effectively |
| A．apply | B．take | C．consider | D．include |
| A．in place | B．in line | C．in order | D．in sight |
| A．availability | B．capability | C．flexibility | D．popularity |
| A．caught | B．exposed | C．injected | D．touched |
| A．relative | B．addictive | C．active | D．positive |
| A．depressed | B．nervous | C．grateful | D．excited |
| A．aloud | B．highly | C．ahead | D．little |
| A．joy | B．terror | C．luck | D．surprise |
| A．unacceptable | B．uncontrollable | C．undeniable | D．unavoidable |
| A．change | B．proposal | C．reform | D．view |
4 . Combining knowledge of chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering, scientists from McGill University develop a biomaterial tough enough to repair the heart, muscles, and vocal cords, representing a major advance in medicine.
“People recovering from heart damage often face a long and tricky journey. Healing is challenging because of the constant movement tissues must withstand (承受) as the heart beats. The same is true for vocal cords. Until now there was no injectable (可注射的) material strong enough for the job," says Guangyu Bao, a PhD candidate in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at McGill University.
The team, led by Professor Luc Mongeau and Assistant Professor Jianyu Li, developed a new injectable hydrogel (水凝胶) for wound repair, which is a type of biomaterial that provides room for cells to live and grow. Once injected into the body, the biomaterial forms a stable structure allowing live cells to grow or pass through to repair the injured organs.
“The results are promising, and we hope that one day the new hydrogel will be used to restore the voice of people with damaged vocal cords," says Guangyu Bao.
The scientists tested the durability of their hydrogel in a machine they developed to copy the extreme biomechanics of human vocal cords. Vibrating (振动) at 120 times a second for over 6 million cycles, the new biomaterial remained undamaged while other standard hydrogels broken into pieces, unable to deal with the stress of the load.
“We were incredibly excited to see it worked perfectly in our test. Before our work, no injectable hydrogels possessed both high porosity and toughness at the same time. To solve this issue, we introduced a pore-forming polymer to our formula (配方),”says Guangyu Bao.
The innovation opens new ways of making progress for other applications like tissue engineering. The team is also looking to use the hydrogel technology to create lungs to test COVID-19 drugs.
1. Why did the researchers develop the new biomaterial?| A．To experience a journey. | B．To repair wound. |
| C．To represent an advance. | D．To replace organs. |
| A．It is heavier. | B．It is more breakable. |
| C．It is changeable. | D．It is more injectable. |
| A．Make artificial organs for drug test. |
| B．Try hard to increase its toughness. |
| C．Apply it to the cure of COVID-19. |
| D．Adjust their formula to improve it. |
| A．To show his respect to the researchers. |
| B．To stress the importance of innovation. |
| C．To promote the sales of a new hydrogel. |
| D．To introduce a newly- developed material. |
5 . Covid-19 vaccines are starting to roll out in several countries, a momentous breakthrough that hopefully signals a light at the end of this dark pandemic. For Katalin Karikó, the moment is particularly special.
Karikó has spent decades of her career researching the therapeutic(治疗的)possibilities of mRNA, a component of DNA that is considered to be one of the main building blocks of life. Through multiple setbacks, job losses, doubt and transatlantic move, Karikó stood by her conviction(信念): That mRNA could be used for something truly groundbreaking. Now, that work is the basis of the Covid-19 vaccine.
From Hungary to the US
Karikó, 65, began her career in her native Hungary in the 1970s, when mRNA research was new and the possibilities seemed endless. But the call of the American dream(and more researching and funding opportunities)took root.
In 1985, she and her husband and young daughter left Hungary for the US after she got an invitation from Temple University in Philadelphia. They sold their car, Karikó told The Guardian, and stuffed the money—an equivalent of about $1, 200—in their daughter’s teddy bear for safekeeping.
“We had just moved into our new apartment, our daughter was 2 years old, everything was so good, we were happy,” Karikó told the Hungarian news site G7 of her family’s departure “But we had to go.”
She continued her research at Temple, and then at the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Medicine. But by then, the bloom was off the rose of mRNA research, and Karikó’s idea that it could be used to fight disease was considered too radical, too financially risky to fund. She applied for grant(拨款)after grant, but kept getting rejections, and in 1995, she was demoted(降级)from her position at UPenn. She also was diagnosed with cancer around the same time.
“Usually, at that point, people just say goodbye and leave because it’s so horrible,” she told Stat, a health news, in November. “I thought of going somewhere else, or doing something else. I also thought maybe I’m not good enough, not smart enough.”
From doubt to breakthrough
But she stuck with it.
Eventually, Karikó and her former colleague at the University of Pennsylvania, Drew Weissman, developed a method of utilizing synthetic mRNA to fight disease that involves changing the way the body produces virus-fighting material, she explained to CNN’s.
That discovery is now the basis of the Covid-19 vaccine, and some have said both Weissman and Karikó, now a senior vice president of the Germany-based BioNTech, deserve a Nobel Prize.
“If anyone asks me whom to vote for some day down the line, I would put them front and center,” Derek Rossi, one of the founders of pharmaceutical giant Moderna, told Stat. “That fundamental discovery is going to go into medicines that help the world.”
While recognition, after all of this time, must be nice, Karikó says scientific glory isn’t what’s on her mind right now.
“Really, we will celebrate when this human suffering is over, when the hardship and all of this terrible time will end, and hopefully in the summer when we will forget about virus and vaccine. And then I will be really celebrating,” she told CNN’s Chris Cuomo.
Karikó said she plans to get the vaccine soon, along with Weissman, and she said she’s “very, very confident” it will work. After all, it was their discoveries that contributed to it.
In the meantime, Karikó said she allowed herself a little treat to celebrate the vaccine news: a bag of Goobers, her favorite candy.
1. Why did Karikó say “But we had to go.”?| A．Because she was happy with her living conditions in the USA. |
| B．Because she wanted to realize her dream to be an American citizen. |
| C．Because she knew that the decision to go would benefit her research. |
| D．Because she got an invitation from Temple University in Philadelphia. |
| A．Her research made a hit the instant she arrived in the USA. |
| B．She gave up her research for while because of ap' the setbacks. |
| C．People doubted her research and she was denied grant again and again. |
| D．Her research won a let of researching and funding opportunities as expected. |
| A．Perseverance and care for mankind. |
| B．Courage and passion for glory. |
| C．Generosity and burning ambition. |
| D．Curiosity and pursuit of perfection |
| A．Her research on mRNA has won her Nobel Prize. |
| B．Her research establishes the basis of the Covid-19 vaccine. |
| C．She spends years researching mRNA in order to discover the Covid-19 vaccine. |
| D．Her research involves changing the way the body produces healing-itself material. |
| A．The promising future lying ahead. |
| B．The support from her family. |
| C．Her stubborn character. |
| D．Her deep-rooted belief in her research. |
6 . Everyone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases---clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived (复活). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta's heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous (自发的) breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seize d the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
1. Which word can be used to replace the underlined word “ceased”____________.| A．postponed. | B．prevented. | C．stopped. | D．lengthened. |
| A．cool the organism. |
| B．bring vital cells and tissues back to active life. |
| C．slow down the body's metabolism. |
| D．postpone the coming of biological death. |
| A．By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blood. |
| B．By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood. |
| C．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating. |
| D．By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing. |
| A．her heart beat again. |
| B．she rejected a penicillin injection. |
| C．she regained her normal breath. |
| D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey. |
词数：100左右
参考词汇：疟疾malaria；分离isolate；提取物extract
屠呦呦，1930年出生于浙江省，是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。1969年，屠呦呦领导了一个研究疟疾的小组。她收集了大量资料，查阅了中医古籍。1971年，她成功地将“青蒿”提取出来。为了解决遇到的问题，她和队员们自愿先对他们自己进行测试。1972年，他们成功地从该提取物中分离出最有效的部分，命名为青蒿素，它是许多疟疾药物的关键成分。屠呦呦鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医药的宝库，并将其提升到更高的水平。
Tu Youyou and her team
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1.年满十八周岁的鼓励打疫苗。
2.中国疫苗安全无副作用。
3.使人们生活恢复正常。
要求：
1.写作词数应为80左右
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
新冠疫苗——coronavirus vaccine 接种——vaccination
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The efforts of Tu and her team finally
Chinese vaccines（疫苗）were initially dismissed in Western and other media， partly because of a view that they were inferior
The development of Chinese vaccine within a short span of time after the sudden outbreak of COVID-19
China's efforts
