1 . Wu Ming, a young German born after 1995, is a big fan of Chinese culture. As he thought some diseases can’t be treated
Studying TCM also
Wu
Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “
| A．immediately | B．gradually | C．thoroughly | D．consistently |
| A．depend on | B．dig into | C．look up | D．work out |
| A．created | B．enjoyed | C．advanced | D．acknowledged |
| A．overcame | B．seized | C．divided | D．shifted |
| A．raised | B．sorted | C．cooked | D．tasted |
| A．aspects | B．standards | C．themes | D．means |
| A．enriched | B．secured | C．expanded | D．changed |
| A．exposed | B．reduced | C．restricted | D．addicted |
| A．businesses | B．recreations | C．routines | D．tasks |
| A．balanced | B．wealthy | C．humble | D．efficient |
| A．employs | B．promotes | C．outlines | D．conveys |
| A．scanning | B．checking | C．exploring | D．comparing |
| A．concern | B．wish | C．demand | D．passion |
| A．Misunderstanding | B．Destruction | C．Stress | D．Failure |
| A．source | B．basis | C．bridge | D．tool |
2 . Combining knowledge of chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering, scientists from McGill University develop a biomaterial tough enough to repair the heart, muscles, and vocal cords, representing a major advance in medicine.
“People recovering from heart damage often face a long and tricky journey. Healing is challenging because of the constant movement tissues must withstand (承受) as the heart beats. The same is true for vocal cords. Until now there was no injectable (可注射的) material strong enough for the job," says Guangyu Bao, a PhD candidate in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at McGill University.
The team, led by Professor Luc Mongeau and Assistant Professor Jianyu Li, developed a new injectable hydrogel (水凝胶) for wound repair, which is a type of biomaterial that provides room for cells to live and grow. Once injected into the body, the biomaterial forms a stable structure allowing live cells to grow or pass through to repair the injured organs.
“The results are promising, and we hope that one day the new hydrogel will be used to restore the voice of people with damaged vocal cords," says Guangyu Bao.
The scientists tested the durability of their hydrogel in a machine they developed to copy the extreme biomechanics of human vocal cords. Vibrating (振动) at 120 times a second for over 6 million cycles, the new biomaterial remained undamaged while other standard hydrogels broken into pieces, unable to deal with the stress of the load.
“We were incredibly excited to see it worked perfectly in our test. Before our work, no injectable hydrogels possessed both high porosity and toughness at the same time. To solve this issue, we introduced a pore-forming polymer to our formula (配方),”says Guangyu Bao.
The innovation opens new ways of making progress for other applications like tissue engineering. The team is also looking to use the hydrogel technology to create lungs to test COVID-19 drugs.
1. Why did the researchers develop the new biomaterial?| A．To experience a journey. | B．To repair wound. |
| C．To represent an advance. | D．To replace organs. |
| A．It is heavier. | B．It is more breakable. |
| C．It is changeable. | D．It is more injectable. |
| A．Make artificial organs for drug test. |
| B．Try hard to increase its toughness. |
| C．Apply it to the cure of COVID-19. |
| D．Adjust their formula to improve it. |
| A．To show his respect to the researchers. |
| B．To stress the importance of innovation. |
| C．To promote the sales of a new hydrogel. |
| D．To introduce a newly- developed material. |
3 . With the weather getting colder and the days becoming shorter, some people are noticing they have less energy and aren’t feeling as positive as they usually do.
Researchers aren’t yet clear on what causes SAD, but it's likely to be complex. Some research suggests it could be due to a malfunctioning hypothalamus (下丘脑功能不全) or producing too much melatonin (a hormone which controls our sleep-wake cycle). Some researchers theorize it could also be due to having a disrupted circadian rhythm(昼夜节奏混乱).
Some people notice that their symptoms start to improve when the seasons begin to change and spring approaches.
Aside from seeking professional help, there are a couple of other things that people can do to help them cope with SAD during their day.
| A．Colder weather and less daylight may have you feeling a bit more down lately. |
| B．Research also shows that lifestyle factors can play an important role in both causing and managing depression. |
| C．According to one study, getting more natural light during the day may help improve symptoms. |
| D．Of course, there may be other factors at play too. |
| E．But this doesn’t mean that there aren't many things people can do during the winter months to help them cope with their symptoms. |
| F．While these feelings may be temporary for some, around one in three people consistently struggle through the autumn and winter months. |
| G．Light therapy is also currently being investigated as a treatment for SAD. |
American College of Physicians 'stepped out of its lane" by placing gun control in medical education. Stanley Gold-farb, formerly the associate dean of curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine, argued that teaching social justice issues and population health comes "at the expense of strict training in medical science" at a time when sub-specialists are in short supply. But many physicians, ourselves included, think social issues should be at the heart of medical education.
Formal medical school typically takes four years, followed by several years of residency（住院医生实习期）and often a fellowship（研究员职位）, and during that short time students have a wide range of competing requirements. They must learn complex biological and chemical pathways that explain diseases and health. They must be educated on how to read the the scientific literature and apply it to their patients. They must master many therapies and know how to adapt them to patients' varied diseases states. On top of all this, they must learn to communicate effectively and compassionately with patients and colleagues.
Being a good doctor also demands that we understand the reasons behind poor health. Our mission is not simply to diagnose, manage and treat. Physicians should act to prevent the root causes of illness and improve well-being. Physicians are trained to tackle problems at their root. System and structural-level social issues are also drivers of poor health, and it is our duty to address them. Medical training must evolve to produce doctors who are able to not only treat the individual but also understand the larger influencers of health -- of which gun violence is most emphatically one. As medical professors, we would fail our students -- and our patients - if we expected any less.
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5 . Natural therapy (疗法)
The great outdoors: it's the place to head for when you're in need of peace and quiet, open spaces, beautiful scenery and exercise. Whether a huge mountain range or a local country park, these natural areas are perfect places to refresh us when we live a stressful life.
As an example, in the foothills of the Snowdonia National Park in the UK, specialist therapy sessions are held to help people who suffer from depression, anxiety and stress.
It is true that for most of us, connecting with the natural world definitely lifts our spirits. But the mental health charity Mind says eco-therapy has been recognized as a formal type of treatment that can sometimes be recommended to someone by a doctor. It doesn't involve medicine.
There is evidence that there are many benefits with this "green" therapy.
| A．Of course, eco-therapy won't cure everything. |
| B．Outdoor art-related activities are held for the participants. |
| C．Instead, it just develops a person's relationship with nature. |
| D．Here you can learn from other patients how to deal with stress. |
| E．These include improving social contact, social and work skills. |
| F．In nature you can do many things, including reading papers and watching TV. |
| G．Their calming and relieving power is being used more and more to treat mental health problems. |
Diana Rae of Tenino, Washington, demonstrates Virtua/（虚拟的）Urgent Care with Dr. Ben Green in Seattle, who consults with her via Skype.
Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.
Telemedicine has existed for a long time, but the rise of smartphone, tablets and webcam-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now offer Virtual Urgent Care, patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home.
Diana Rae recently demonstrated how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and Skype—-the video chat service.
Doctor Green first has the patient describe her symptoms. Then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is an infection and gives her some penicillin for medicine. He says about 3 out of 4 patients who have health problems can be treated like this—through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could substitute a visit to the doctor’s office.
Franciscan charges $35 for this kind of virtual house call, that is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic. After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be happy to pay the 35 dollars, when she was recently home with a bad cold. "I would have paid twice that for the convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get exposed to everyone else’s germs." Rae said.
But a company official says state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. The workers who provide Virtual Urgent Care must be licensed separately in each state where the company does business. For now, that means Franciscan doctors can treat patients in Washington state and California, for example, but not in neighboring Oregon or Idaho.
1. What is helping telemedicine to rise to new stages?（No more than 8 words）2. What does the underlined word "substitute" mean?（1 word）
3. Why would Diana Rae be happy to pay Virtual Urgent Care even more?（No more than 10 words）
4. Why can’t Virtual Urgent Care develop fast now?（No more than 10 words）
5. What do you think of Virtual Urgent Care’s future? Why?（No more than 20 words）
7 . A blocked airway can kill someone in three to four minutes, but it can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. So a simple procedure such as opening someone’s airway can save their life while they’re waiting for emergency medical help. This means you’re more likely to give first aid to someone you know than a stranger.
There are many misconceptions surrounding first aid. Below are the "most popular" ones with details of what you should do.
Top four first aid misconceptions:
You should put butter or cream on a burn. The only thing you should put on a burn is cold water—keep the butter for cooking. Put the affected area under cold running water for at least ten minutes
The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap. If you put a bleeding wound under a tap, you wash away the body`s clotting agents（凝血剂）and make it bleed more. Instead, put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood. As soon as possible call 911. Keep pressure on the wound until help arrives.
Nosebleeds are best treated by putting the head back. If you put the head back during a nosebleed, all the blood goes down the back of the airway. Instead, advise them to tilt（倾斜）their head forwards and ask them to pinch（捏）the end of their nose and breathe through their mouth.
You need lots of training to do first aid. You don’t—what you mostly need is common sense. You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes to save someone`s life—whether it`s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online.
Remember that anyone can save a life.
1. The most important point to save an airway blocked person’s life is to________.| A．keep his airway open |
| B．ensure the ambulance’s arriving time |
| C．keep the surroundings quiet |
| D．ask for emergency medical help immediately |
| A．put some cream on the burn area |
| B．heat up some butter for the burn |
| C．place the burn under cold running water |
| D．wash the affected area for a long time |
| A．It will help the bleeding stop at once. |
| B．The wound will help produce more clotting agents. |
| C．It will produce more pressure on the wound. |
| D．The wound will bleed more and it is hard to stop the bleeding. |
| A．When a person’s nose bleeds, please put the head back. |
| B．You can learn first aid quickly in different ways. |
| C．When a person is burnt, keep pressure on the burn until help arrives. |
| D．Not everyone can do first aid to save a life. |
| A．how to learn first aid by yourself |
| B．some misunderstandings about first aid |
| C．the importance of first aid |
| D．how to help the medical team save a life |
8 . It was in my first year of work as a doctor. My mouth was
A young girl had been rushed up to theatre (手术室) after a road traffic accident. I had spent some time in between
I
“It’s what she’d have wanted,” the mother said
The father nodded. While I had
Strangely, it was one of the most heart-warming conversations I have ever had.
1.| A．wet | B．dry | C．bitter | D．pale |
| A．focused | B．informed | C．attracted | D．excited |
| A．clearly | B．probably | C．much | D．largely |
| A．resulting | B．assisting | C．settling | D．occupying |
| A．unable | B．sure | C．surprised | D．hard |
| A．cried | B．chatted | C．sobbed | D．swore |
| A．shook | B．glanced | C．glared | D．stared |
| A．cruel | B．guilty | C．very | D．last |
| A．awkward | B．disappointing | C．urgent | D．dangerous |
| A．frustration | B．grief | C．horror | D．pressure |
| A．races | B．works | C．passes | D．counts |
| A．puzzled | B．convinced | C．scared | D．cautious |
| A．until | B．after | C．before | D．since |
| A．imagined | B．suspected | C．accepted | D．prepared |
| A．complex | B．formal | C．dull | D．delicate |
| A．in turn | B．in brief | C．in particular | D．in fact |
| A．brave | B．generous | C．responsible | D．innocent |
| A．seemed | B．appealed | C．occurred | D．happened |
| A．comforted | B．reminded | C．inspired | D．promised |
| A．soul | B．mind | C．spirit | D．recall |
9 . Driven by her passion for providing quality healthcare, a Latvian woman has won over the hearts of the elderly residing in the nursing home she oversees.
It is incredibly rare to find a Caucasian woman working as the director of a nursing home in Shanghai. But the fact that Anastasija Puzankova can even converse in Liantang, a Chinese dialect spoken only by residents in a small town in southwestern Shanghai, makes her one of a kind.
“I had always wondered how the elderly were getting along with others, or if they were well cared for. I realized that I could better serve them and understand their concerns if I spoke their dialect.” says the 35-year-old, who also speaks Russian, English, Latvian, French and Spanish.
Puzankova chose to study Sinology(汉学) out of her curiosity about China at the University of Latvia in 2003. The next year, she traveled to Shanghai as part of an exchange program and then she spent the next 10 years studying law at Fudan University, graduating with a master's degree in 2014.
Despite her qualifications, in 2018, Puzankova joined Haiyang Group, a Shanghai-based company that operates the nursing home, as an executive assistant. During that period, she performed so well in her nursing and management training that she was appointed the director of the home after just one year.
A caregiver, surnamed Cai, says the atmosphere at the home has changed since Puzankova took charge. “She makes life in the nursing home uplifting and purposeful.” says Cai.
“She throws monthly birthday parties for the elderly, creates a festive mood in the home for every traditional festival and frequently organizes handicrafts classes and activities to stimulate the minds of the residents.”
When family visits and group activities were delayed during the novel coronavirus outbreak, Puzankova came up with a similar idea at the home, purchasing vegetable seeds and growing them in the field near the nursing home so that the residents can observe the plants growing from their windows.
“Just watching the plants grow can lift their spirits. We can also serve these organic vegetables to them.” she explains.
Puzankova says, “I simply like communicating with people, understanding their personalities and offering help when they are in need. Making an elderly person happy isn't hard. It just takes a little time, love and thought.”
1. Why did Anastasija Puzankova learn the Chinese dialect Liantang?| A．To satisfy her superior. |
| B．To research its history and popularity. |
| C．To communicate with the elderly better. |
| D．To prove her language learning capacity. |
| A．forbade family visits forever. |
| B．created a festive mood in the home. |
| C．organized some outdoor activities for the elderly. |
| D．planted some vegetables for the elderly to watch indoors. |
| A．Time tests. |
| B．Hard work pays off. |
| C．Love breaks down barriers. |
| D．Education is the key to success. |
| A．A foreign face with a local soul |
| B．A language expert with a loving heart |
| C．A nursing home with a woman director |
| D．An executive assistant with a master’s degree |
10 . Each year, half a million people die from brain aneurysms（动脉瘤）—when a blood vessel（血管）bursts in the brain. An aneurysm is a bulge（膨胀）in a blood vessel that can burst. If that happens in the brain, it can be deadly. For survivors, physical disabilities are often severe. They may include memory problems, loss of balance, trouble speaking and even blindness. But new technologies are increasing survival rates and reducing disabilities.
Beaumont Bacon is a survivor who makes light of her experience because she is a comedian（喜剧演员）. She uses humor to make others laugh. Now she’s working on a new show. Michael Alexander is her doctor. He operated on Beaumont Bacon after her attack. “She had bleeding in the frontal area of her brain, so right above the eyes. The part that was in the brain was about maybe the size of an egg. So, that’s a fairly large bleed.”
Ms. Bacon had a better chance at survival than most people because of Dr. Alexander. He directs the Neurovascular Center in Los Angeles. The center offers new technologies that include placing a catheter（导管）into an aneurysm, then threading wires to promote blood clots（血栓）. This technique reduces the chances of another burst blood vessel. “You don’t have to open up the skull（头盖骨）or open up the brain to do surgery. It’s all done from inside the blood vessels. So it reduces the amount of blood loss, and the recovery is much faster.”
For Beaumont Bacon’s recovery, the hospital worked to prevent problems commonly found in patients with a burst aneurysm. The problems include brain swelling that can shut down blood vessels. She spent a month in a coma（昏迷）—unable to communicate with doctors, friends and loved ones. But with a year of treatment, she recovered. Now, she is making people laugh.
1. What do you know about aneurysms?| A．No technologies can treat them nowadays. |
| B．They may cause severe disabilities. |
| C．Few people die from them every year. |
| D．They are deadly wherever they happen. |
| A．it is much faster for the patient to recover |
| B．it brings no problems after the operation |
| C．it reduces the amount of blood loss |
| D．it doesn’t need to open up the brain to operate |
| A．was always in an unconscious state after the operation |
| B．recovered soon after the treatment |
| C．returned to work after the treatment |
| D．was the first to try the new technology |
| A．providing an example | B．making comparisons |
| C．offering data | D．giving explanations |
