1 . Top ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine Museums in China
Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy(药房)( Hu Qing Yu ‘Tang) in Hangzhou
It was initially founded by Hu Xueyan who was a successful businessman and a high-ranking official in the Qing imperial court. Starting business in 1874 during the rule of Emperor Guangxu, Hu Qing Yu Tang is still open today, and known as “King of Medicine”inSouth China. Rather than a pharmacy, it is more like a museum of traditional Chinesemedicine.
Address : Qinghefang Street, Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province Opening hours: 9:00—17:00，every day
Bian Que Memorial Hall in Xi’an
Bian Que was born in the Spring and Autumn Period. Bian Que travelled through the several vassal states, practised medicine and saved many lives. The museum got the namebecause it was transformed from the site of Bian Que’s tomb in 1996. It has several halls, to introduce the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Bian Que stories.
Address :Lintong District, Xi’an City
Opening hours:8:00—18:00, closed on Mon.
Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
lt is made up of TCM History Museum, the Chinese Medicine Specimen(标本), Museum and the Institute ( Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine)History Museum. Shanghai Museum of TCM is an educational base in Shanghai and an ideal place for sciencetour in Shanghai. Built in 1938, the TCM History Museum is the first of its kind in China.
Opening hours:Tuesday—Sunday，9:00—16;00，closed on Mon.
Address:100 Cailun Lu, Pudong New Zone, near Jinke Lu, (inside Shanghai University of TCM)
Guangdong Museum of ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine
The museum was initially established in 1996, and reopened to the public in 2006 as partof Guangzhou University of TCM. It is made up of the University history museum, TCM history museum with over 5,000 TCM relics, Chinese medical specimen museum, and a55,000-square-metre herbal medicine plantation.
Address : University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou
Opening Hours:9:00—17:30, Tuesday—Saturday (reserved group activity on Sunday)
1. Which can be visited on Mondays?| A．Bian Que Memorial Hall in Xi’an. |
| B．Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine. |
| C．Guang dong Museum of Traditional Chin ese Medicine. |
| D．Hu Qing Yu Pharmacy (Hu Qing Yu Tang) in Hangzhou. |
| A．It was originally built by Bian Que. |
| B．It was named by the local government. |
| C．lt was changed from the site of Bian Que’s tomb. |
| D．It has many halls introducing Bian Que’s life stories. |
| A．Long history. |
| B．Opening hours. |
| C．Huge herbal medicine plantation. |
| D．Close relationship with university. |
2 . The National Health Service (NHS) in England is to pay for 10 people, to whom a “bionic eye” will be implanted (植入). It is a pioneering technology that can help those who have been blind for years to gain some sight.
Only a small number of people have received surgery in trials so far to equip them to use Argus Ⅱ, which uses a camera fixed in a pair of glasses and a tiny computer to send signals directly to the nerves (神经) controlling sight. Those who will get the equipment can currently see nothing more than the difference between daylight and darkness. The system allows the brain to decode (解读) flashes of light, so that they can learn to see movement.
One of three patients who have had the implant into the retina (视网膜) in trails at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital is Keith Hayman, 68, from Lancashire, who has five grandchildren. He was blind in his 20s. The disease causes cells in the retina gradually to stop working and die. Hayman was forced to give up his work. “Having spent half my life in darkness, I can now tell when my grandchildren run towards me and make out lights,” he said. “I would be talking to a friend, who might have walked off and I couldn’t tell and kept talking to myself. This doesn’t happen anymore, because I can tell when they have gone. They may seem like little things, but they make all the difference to me.”
After the surgery, 10 patients will be carefully followed, to gather data on their progress and assess how much the bionic eye improves their daily lives. If the results are good, more patients will be likely to receive the treatment in the future. The “bionic eye” treatment, including surgery, follow-up, equipment and recovery, costs £150,000.
1. What is Argus Ⅱ mainly made up of?| A．A camera, a pair of glasses and a bionic eye. |
| B．The nerves, a pair of glasses and some signals. |
| C．A camera, a pair of glasses and a tiny computer. |
| D．A new retina, a flash light and a tiny computer. |
| A．Hayman has become a normal person. |
| B．The retina is necessary for one to see well. |
| C．Blind people are eager to have a bionic eye. |
| D．The technology is of great importance to blind people. |
| A．They will be in very poor health after the surgery. |
| B．They won’t be used to the bionic eye for some time. |
| C．The exact result of the treatment needs to be known. |
| D．The bionic eye will be improved according to the data. |
| A．A Failure in Treating the Blind People |
| B．10 Blind Patients Will Be Fitted with a Bionic Eye |
| C．Blind People’s Daily Lives Improved with a Bionic Eye |
| D．The NHS in England Cares Much about the Blind People |
3 . Joseph Lister. born in 1827 in England, was best known as a popular British surgeon（外科医生）and a pioneer of antiseptic（抗菌的）operation. As a child. Lister attended a Quaker school, where he became very fluent in French and German. These two languages were the leading languages in medical research.
He later entered University College London. At first, he studied botany（植物学）After this, he became a medical student and managed to graduate with honors. At 26, he entered the Royal College of Surgeons. Lister became an assistant of James Syme, a surgeon at a university in Scotland.
In 1867. he invented the use of a kind of chemical as antiseptic. This became the first widely used antiseptic in surgery. Before Lister's research, many people believed chemical damage from exposures to bad air was the reason behind the infections in wounds. During this time, hospitals were at times letting air out during midday in order to prevent the spread on infections. However, hospitals also practiced surgery under someunsanitaryconditions compared with present medical conditions, which exposed patients to great risks.
While at University of Glasgow, Lister heard about Louis Pasteur's theory. Louis Pasteur suggested 3 methods to fight the micro-organism, filtration（过滤）exposure to chemical solutions and exposure to heat. Lister confirmed Pasteur s theory with his own experiments. He decided to use these findings to create some antiseptic techniques for wounds, which led to the reduction in post-operative infections, making surgery safe for patients. He published his findings in The Lancet.
In 1881, Lister moved to London where he was appointed president of Clinical Society of London and died in 1892.
1. Where did Lister learn the languages necessary for his medical career?| A．At a Quaker school. |
| B．At University of Glasgow. |
| C．In University College London. |
| D．In the Royal College of Surgeons. |
| A．Safe. | B．Comfortable. |
| C．Unlucky. | D．Unhealthy. |
| A．By consulting some experts. |
| B．By doing experiments himself. |
| C．By checking some records. |
| D．By observing Pasteur’s experiments. |
| A．Improving people's eyesight. |
| B．Making people feel more confident. |
| C．Reducing infections after operations. |
| D．Lowering the costs of making operations. |
| A．Traditional. | B．Outstanding. |
| C．Easygoing. | D．Generous. |
4 . One of the important, but seldom-discussed, problems in healthcare reform is how to take care of our aging population as people continue to live longer. According to a new study from the MacArthur Research Network on an Aging Society, by 2050 Americans may live 3.1 to 7. 9 years longer than the government expects. That would mean women would live 89 to 93 years and men 83 to nearly 86 years. The researchers base their conclusion on "rapid advances in biomedical（生物医药）technology that delay the start and progression of major deadly diseases or that slow the aging process・”
While this is good news, especially for the young, the life expectancy, which is in excess of（超过）the government's estimates, would raise costs sharply for Medicare and Social Security. If the study's predictions are accurate, the total cost for those two programs through 2050 could be between $ 3. 2 trillion and $ & 3 trillion higher than the US Census Bureau（人口普查局）and the Social Security Administration currently expect.
And that's only the beginning. With anticipated scientific breakthroughs in coming decades, people could eventually live to 150 years of age, says Dr. Steven Joyal, an official of the Life Extension Foundation (LEF) a nonprofit organization that promotes research on how we can live longer and healthier. The MacArthur paper, in fact, says that some experts believe the average life expectancy could hit 100 by 2060.
What's more, Joyal says, the conquest（战胜）of disease and the slowing of the aging process will lead to a sharp decline in disability, allowing people of advanced age to function as well as they did when they were much younger. "In other words, a 90-year-old person could have the same mental and physical capacity as somebody 40 or 50 years old."
1. What does the new study show?| A．Americans will live much longer by 2050 than they do now. |
| B．Great progress has been made in the US in public security. |
| C．Few people pay attention to the health care reform in the US. |
| D．Fewer Americans suffer from deadly disease now than before. |
| A．Social security. |
| B．Biomedical technology. |
| C．Healthcare reform. |
| D．New research in health cam. |
| A．The aging process will speed up. |
| B．It adds to the chance of being disabled. |
| C．The old will have some mental problems. |
| D．It will increase public costs for the government. |
| A．Life for Senior Citizens in the US |
| B．The Longer Life Expectancy in the Future |
| C．The Disadvantage of Longer Life Expectancy |
| D．What Can Be Done to Support So Many Aged People |
