Rene Laennee was a French doctor who learned to tap on people’s chests     1    (find) out about illness from an Austrian doctor, Leopold Auenbrugger.     2     a boy, Leopold used to tap wine buckets in his father’s inn to see how much wine they held. A full one made a different sound from an empty one. When he became a doctor, he tapped people’s chests to see how much fluid was in their     3    (lung). Laennee did the same and learned to tell by tapping carefully on a chest     4     it was diseased or not. But he was even more interested in diseases of the heart, and he wished that he could hear heartbeats clearly. In those days, a doctor would place his head on a patient’s chest to listen, but if the patient was     5    (extreme) fat it was impossible to hear any heartbeat at all.

One day Laennee was walking in the park     6     he saw some girls playing with a see-saw. One of them scratched the end of the plank while the others placed their ears against the other end. Walking up, the doctor     7    (ask) why the sounds travelled along the wood. “The sounds are magnified, girls, er…” Suddenly he turned and rushed back to the hospital. On     8    (arrive) at his office, he took some thick paper, rolled it up like a tube and began listening to     9    (patient) chests. He heard the heartbeats and their breathing clearly. Laennee soon made a     10    (good) instrument of wood which he called a stethoscope. Later, they were made of steel and rubber.