3 . The ability of music to evoke (唤起) specific, often powerful feelings is no secret to anyone who has listened to Gustav Mahler’s “Symphony No.5”, Billie Holiday’s “God Bless the Child”, the Ramones’ “I Wanna Be Sedated”, Lizzo’s “Good as Hell” or any of the other countless compositions that have found their way onto Western playlists in the past few centuries.

The emotional effects of music are the point, of course. They are also the subject of a fast-growing field of research around the world in which scientists are exploring the nature of the many “subjective experiences” — such as joy, sadness, anxiety and calmness — that music evokes.

In a recent set of experiments, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and their colleagues sought to determine if the feelings that people experience when listening to music “show evidence of universality”. They compared and analyzed how more than 2,800 U. S. and Chinese study participants responded to 2,168 (mostly Western) samples of instrumental music. The team identified 13 distinct and very specific feelings that the Chinese and U. S. subjects shared when listening to music, despite their cultural differences.

The music used in the research, described in the paper as “the richest set of Western music samples ever studied,” included classical, pop, rock, indie, hip-hop, R&B, country, film soundtracks, and more. An additional 189 sample of traditional Chinese music was also used. In all, the researchers gathered 375,230 judgments of the samples from the study participants.

In the first experiment, subjects listened to Western music samples (each of which was just five seconds long) and reported on the specific feelings they evoked, choosing responses from a list of 28 “categories of subjective experience” provided by the researchers. Terms on the list included “victorious/heroic”, “sad/depressing”, “joyful/cheerful”, “awe-inspiring/amazing” and “dreamy”. The team then used data-driven statistical modeling to identify the 13 shared experiences. The second experiment, which included the Chinese music, involved broad evaluations of the samples by participants—such as whether the subjects liked or disliked them or found them exciting or not. A central finding of the study, the researchers write, is that specific feelings “drive the experience of music” more than the broader features.

1. Why does the author mention these songs in the first paragraph?

A．Because they all have strong musical emotional effects.

B．Because their loop playback rates are very high.

C．Because they have all become world-renowned songs.

D．Because they have won countless awards.

2. How to understand the underlined part in paragraph 2?

A．Music can directly express people’s true emotions.

B．Music should have a variety of styles.

C．Music will easily ease people’s various emotions.

D．Music can produce significant emotional effects.

3. What is the focus of the latest research experiments?

A．People’s taste in music.

B．Differences in Chinese and Western Music.

C．The universal feelings of different music.

D．The great influence of music on people.

4. What is the correct description of the two experiments?

A．In the first experiment, people shared their experiences with each other.

B．In the first experiment, people chose how they felt from a list provided by the researchers.

C．In the second experiment, people need to write down the types of songs.

D．In the second experiment, people need to sing the songs.

6 . This is a song millions of Americans will hear this New Year’s Eve. It is called Auld Lang Syne (《友谊地久天长》). It is the traditional music played during the New Year’s celebration. Auld Lang Syne is an old Scottish poem. It tells about the need to remember old friends.

The words “auld lang syne” mean “old long since”. No one knows who wrote the poem first. However, a version by Scottish poet Robert Bums was published (出版) in 1796. The words and music we know today first appeared in a songbook three years later.

The song is played in the United States mainly on New Year’s Eve. The version (译文) you are hearing today is by the Washington Saxophone Quartet. As we end our program with Auld Lang Syne. I would like to wish all of our radio friends a very Happy New Year! This is Buddy Thomas. (from www.zkenglish.com)

1. Where is this passage from?

A．A newspaper.	B．A magazine.
C．A TV program.	D．A radio program.

2. Who is introducing Auld Lang Syne to us?

A．Robert Bums.	B．The Washington Saxophone Quartet.
C．Buddy Thomas.	D．The passage doesn’t tell us.

3. When did the words and music of Auld Lang Syne we know today first appear?

A．In 1790.

B．In 1793.

C．In 1796.

D．In 1799.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began     1     (study) music at the University of Nevada in 1988. He fell in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir.     2     (move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.” He graduated     3     university in 1995 and then received a master’s degree in musical composition from the Juilliard School in New York in 1997. Over the next 10 years, Whitacre’s     4     (origin) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the creation of the virtual choir.

In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works.     5     (inspire), he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one     6     (perform). His first virtual choir, “Lux Aurumque”, had 185     7     (singer) from 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on     8     Internet. Since then, the virtual choir     9     (become) a worldwide phenomenon. Whitacre’s next effort was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF,     10     was first seen onstage on 23 July 2014 in the UK. Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countries joined in to sing Whitacre’s song “What If.”

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people while they are at home alone imagine having the opportunity     1     (sing) together with others,     2     was realized as a virtual choir. Anyone can take part in it from anywhere. It has proved to be a positive influence     3     the lives of many people. Award-winning composer and     4     (conduct) Eric Whitacre came up with the idea of a virtual choir, who began studying music in 1988.     5     (move) by Mozart’s classical music, he received     6    master’s degree in     7     (music) composition in 1997. In 2009, his first virtual choir received     8     (million) of views on the Internet and     9     (become) a worldwide phenomenon   since then. In 2014, he     10     (form)the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, and 2,292 young people from 80 countries sang his song “What If”. The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice and thus make the world a better place.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I have always enjoyed listening to music. It helps me calm down after    1    busy day, and I am also one of those    2    can listen and study at the same time. I am not interested    3    jazz music, but I like many other    4    (type) of music. When I was a child, I used to listen to music on the radios. With the    5    (invent) of personal computers and cellphones, I prefer to listen on the phone, as new functions    6    (add) to them in the past few years. The technology was developed in response to customer need. Some people affected by    7    (anxious) start to feel relaxed while    8    (listen) to music on the phone. Others worry about not being able to use it well. However, I am    9    dependent on the cellphones that I fail    10    (live) without them.