| A．He wants to be different. |
| B．He wants to be like his friends. |
| C．He thinks it is cool to play the guitar. |
| A．A video. | B．A book. | C．A news report. |
3 . Taste in music varies considerably, but whatever people enjoy listening to, they often report an emotional response that has a touch of the physical to it. Maybe you feel beautiful music gives you the feeling of being cold, or makes your hair stand on end.
By studying a rare person, named BW, who does not like or respond to music at all, psychologist Psyche Loui of Northeastern University has discovered that connectivity patterns in the brain link finding music rewarding with finding social interaction enjoyable.
“BW said he had never understood why people enjoy music,” Loui says. BW is not someone who doesn’t like art, Loui says. “He goes to museums. He’s an enthusiastic photographer. He likes good food. He likes long walks on the beach. He just doesn’t like music.” He told Loui that when he saw a person at the grocery store with headphones in their ears dancing to music, he could never understand why anyone would do that. “This really seems to be a somewhat socially weakening experience,” Loui says.
“Given that music is important for social bonding across different cultures and that music is a way for the hearing system to connect to the reward system, one strong prediction is that music reward sensitivity can partially explain individual differences in sensitivity to social reward.”
This newly discovered connectivity between the hearing and reward systems may be why we feel emotions in response to music, Loui says. “I think that there’s a role of music for social bonding.” She also thinks there are influences from this work for other conditions with low social reward. “If people who don’t love music have differences in specific systems in the brain, then that shows these specific systems are related to the love of music. Then we can examine what else engages these same systems and what other abilities or human capacities are linked to music.”
1. Why are “being cold” and “hair stand on end” mentioned in Paragraph 1?| A．To develop the plot. | B．To draw a conclusion. |
| C．To make comparisons. | D．To support the argument. |
| A．He thinks music is important in social bonding. |
| B．He enjoys music while wandering on the beach. |
| C．He figures music is less important than art and food. |
| D．He takes little interest in and is unresponsive to music. |
| A．What role music plays in social bonding. |
| B．How people respond to music emotionally. |
| C．Whether specific music influences brain system. |
| D．What other human abilities are linked with music. |
| A．People’s emotional and physical reactions to beautiful music. |
| B．Connections between enjoyment of music and social interaction. |
| C．Relationships among social bonding, diverse cultures and music. |
| D．Links among music sensibility, hearing system and reward system. |
4 . The arts, especially music, should be part of every school’s lessons at every grade level. Students would be much smarter if they had some musical experience. They could improve their classroom skills, like paying attention and following directions. People develop all these skills when they learn music. Making music also lets children use their imagination. It provides students with a chance to try out their own ideas.
Music not only makes children better students, but also gives them something positive (积极的) to do. In a music program, children can be part of a band. Parents can enjoy listening to their children’s music instead of seeing them glued to a computer or TV screen. In a school band, students get to be part of a team. They can get along well with old friends and make new friends through music.
Music builds self-confidence, too. It gives children a sense of achievement and success. Making music is something for them to be proud of, and it lets kids practice performing in front of audiences. Music gives children an opportunity for self-ex pression, and that helps develop their self-confidence. Once again, music is important because it can make children better students, give them something positive to do, and build their characters. That is why music should be offered in every single grade in every school.
1. How could music make students smarter?| A．By improving their memory and attention. |
| B．By improving their classroom skills and imagination. |
| C．By making them brave, knowledgeable and modest. |
| D．By learning music, making music and trying out their own ideas. |
| A．Unwilling to turn on. | B．Always turning off. | C．Unwilling to leave. | D．Always hating. |
| A．Music brings children success. | B．Music gives children self-expression. |
| C．Music helps children achieve their dream. | D．Music develops children’s self-confidence. |
| A．Music Is a Must as a Course at School | B．Music Builds Children’s Self-confidence |
| C．Music Makes Students Much Smarter | D．Learning Music Is Very Important |
| A．Exciting |
| B．Confusing. |
| C．Boring. |
6 . Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures. In today’s technological advanced society, however, people spread music online, sometimes without an artist’s permission. This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now cracking down on this practice. Sharing music online without permission is theft.
Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts. They say that sharing music online has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every piece of music downloaded. To truly understand the influence of music piracy (盗版行为) on creators, one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must be shared among musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business for all companies involved.
There are many people who don’t see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to share it without permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.
Although we don’t spread music the same way we did before, there’s no doubt that people around the world love to share music. However, Internet piracy will prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft. Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profits to continue their music careers.
1. What does the underlined phrase “cracking down on” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?| A．Bringing up carefully. |
| B．Speaking highly of. |
| C．Dealing seriously with. |
| D．Destroying completely. |
| A．All bloggers are acting like thieves. |
| B．Once paying for a CD, you can treat it at will. |
| C．Many people have difficulty understanding CDs. |
| D．People who share music online without permission can be called thieves. |
| A．Sharing music online affects a lot of people. |
| B．Artists are taking action to protect their right. |
| C．Sharing music online increases sales of music CDs. |
| D．A person who buys a CD has the right to share it online with others. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Favorable. | C．Disapproval. | D．Skeptical. |
7 . Can you imagine a world without music? Studies show that public schools across the country are cutting back on music classes to save money. Worse, some schools have never had music classes to begin with. But without them,students’ academic growth and emotional health could suffer. In fact, music classes are necessary for all students in schools.
Recent studies by Brown University have shown that students who received music education classes were better in maths and reading skills than those without music classes. Another study by the College Board found that students taking music and art classes got higher points. Students' academic success seems to depend on their taking part in music education.
Music programmes in public schools also help to add to a students sense of pride and self-confidence. Teens today have too many learning tasks. Besides, they have family problems, self-confidence problems, relationship troubles, and other troubles. All of these can stop academic success, but music education can help. A study by the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse found that students who took part in school music programmes were less likely to turn to drugs. Music programmes encourage students to work together to produce an excellent performance.
Music crosses language, class, cultural and political boundaries. Music allows students from different countries to connect. For example, at a school talent show, a new Japanese student played a piano duet with an American classmate. Although they could not communicate verbally, they were able to read the music in order to play the duet. Two students from different cultures worked as a team with self-confidence and common purpose through music.
The gift of music is priceless. We need to be sure to have necessary music classes for all students. The world is losing its music, and putting music into schools is the first step to get it back.
1. What can we learn about education with music classes?| A．It allows schools to make more profits. |
| B．It leads to a lot of emotional problems easily. |
| C．It helps students to improve their schoolwork. |
| D．It has a great influence on the culture of the country. |
| A．Not all students take part in music lessons. |
| B．Students with great success like to attend music lessons. |
| C．Music plays an important role in students’ success. |
| D．Students having music classes are better in all lessons. |
| A．different cultures have different styles of music |
| B．music makes cross-country communication possible |
| C．Japan has a good international relationship with America |
| D．Japanese and American students are good at playing the piano |
| A．How to Get Music Back | B．Music Education in Schools |
| C．Music—a Bridge to Understanding | D．The Importance of Listening to Music |
8 . Music festivals in Europe
Visiting a festival abroad can be a great reason to travel and a way to experience different cultures. These days there is such a number of choices that it’s possible to spend the whole summer watching live music in exciting places. Of course, it’s also a chance to meet people from across the world.
Melt! Festival, Germany
This festival takes place on the site of an open air museum for industrial machinery. There’s also a lake which can be used for swimming when it’s hot. This year’s line-up has over 120 different bands (乐队). Around 90% of the people attending the festival are German providing a perfect chance to practise speaking the language.
Exit Festival, Serbia
Set on the banks of the Danube in an old fortress (城堡), the festival began as a way to show people’s dissatisfaction with the government. These days it’s less political (政治的) but still worries about people who are poor, ill, old, etc and tries to help them. This year’s festival will host many famous bands. From electronic music and dance music to hard rock, there is something for everyone to enjoy.
Open’er Festival, Poland
Held in an airfield near the northern city of Gdansk, each year Open’er has a seriously good selection of bands. This year is no exception, with many famous bands set to play. Not only are there amazing artists, but both Poland and the festival itself also provide very excellent value for money.
Belladrum Tartan Heart Festival, Scotland
Set on a Scottish estate (庄园) near Inverness, this year Belladrum will welcome artists from around the world. The most enjoyable part of the weekend is the ceilidh (traditional Scottish dance and party) which is always a lively event. It doesn’t even matter if you’re a beginner because the band teaches you each dance.
1. What is special about Melt! Festival?| A．It provides German lessons. | B．It is held by a local museum. |
| C．The bands are from 120 countries. | D．Most of the festival goers are German. |
| A．For political reasons. | B．For personal reasons. |
| C．To help stop a fight. | D．To offer help to the poor. |
| A．It falls in summer. |
| B．It is a live music festival. |
| C．It teaches people Scottish dances. |
| D．It invites the most famous bands. |
9 . Background music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shops and restaurants in the US. But it soon spread to other parts of the world. Now it is becoming increasingly difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.
To begin with, “muzak” (音乐广播网) was intended simply to create a soothing (安慰) atmosphere. Recently, however，it has become big business—thanks in part to recent research. Dr. Ronald Milliman, an American marketing expert, has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third.
However, it has to be light music. A fast one has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 38%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they like to buy. Yet, slow music isn't always the answer. Dr. Milliman found, for example, that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant owners might be well advised to play uptempo_music to keep the customers moving—unless of course, the resulting indigestion (消化不良) leads to complaints!
1. Background music means ________.| A．light music that customers enjoy most |
| B．fast music that makes people move fast |
| C．slow music that can make customers enjoy their meals |
| D．the music you are listening to while you are doing something |
| A．it results in indigestion |
| B．it increases their sales |
| C．it keeps customers moving |
| D．it decreases their sales |
| A．background music was first used in big department stores |
| B．proper music can increase the selling of goods |
| C．light music has a bad effect on production |
| D．restaurant owners had better play slow music to comfort their customers |
| A．slow music | B．fast music |
| C．light music | D．classical music |
Depression（沮丧) is a state of mind that most of us experience at some point of time. There are some periods in our life when everything seems difficult. It seems that everything is getting worse and we have no control over our life. Studies have shown that music can be an important mood lifter in such situations. Music also plays a great role in making us feel less nervous or worried. Anxiety(焦虑) can often cause loss of sleep and other illnesses.
Music is often known as an international language. We may not know the language another person is speaking, but most of us respond to music in the same way. Music can often be the best way to connect with someone.
Music is one of the best ways to improve your moods, but this can depend largely on the kind of music you listen to. While happy music can certainly make you feel better, sad music can further lower your spirits. Listening to classical music can often make you feel a lot more powerful, while soft music can be the perfect way to relax at the end of a long way. If you want to use music to change the way how you are feeling, you need to understand the role of it, learn to recognize the kind of music that lifts your mood and helps you feel better. Once you realize the kind of music you can use, you can use it to change the way you feel. The right kind of music can be the perfect way to help us feel happier.
1. The passage is mainly about __________.
| A．what meanings music has |
| B．how we control our moods |
| C．how music affects our moods |
| D．what kind of music we listen to |
| A．welcome the customers |
| B．make customers feel good |
| C．make customers dance |
| D．make customers feel powerful |
| A．most of us suffer depression all the time |
| B．most of us respond to music in different ways |
| C．music can be a good way to connect with others |
| D．any kind of music will help us improve our moods |
| A．Soft music. | B．Classical music. |
| C．Sad music. | D．Rock music. |
