1 . A mobile(移动的)hospital for treating injured wildlife has just begun a journey to its new base in Byron Bay, on Australia's east coast.
Byron Bay Wildlife Hospital founder and Professor Stephen Van Mil said that Australia's annual disastrous(灾难性的)wildfire season could
By now, several charities, and help from animal protection groups have turned the mobile hospital into a
It is housed in a 16-meter
“Being able to work in a mobile hospital
Australia can be a
| A．protect | B．explore | C．destroy | D．improve |
| A．injured | B．homesick | C．rare | D．ordinary |
| A．inspiring | B．heartbreaking | C．frightening | D．encouraging |
| A．pleasure | B．choice | C．dream | D．reality |
| A．engine | B．truck | C．subway | D．car |
| A．founded | B．discovered | C．impressed | D．invented |
| A．in place of | B．in charge of | C．in support of | D．in spite of |
| A．doctors | B．knowledge | C．medicines | D．equipment |
| A．challenging | B．powerful | C．significant | D．confusing |
| A．minutes | B．days | C．months | D．years |
| A．proves | B．explains | C．means | D．assumes |
| A．comfort | B．passion | C．patience | D．treatment |
| A．perfect | B．dangerous | C．creative | D．individual |
| A．caught | B．limited | C．affected | D．prevented |
| A．former | B．right | C．specific | D．unique |
The 1975 film Jaws was a great success,
3 . Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, are interesting animals. They are the biggest cats in the world. A full-grown Amur tiger can weigh over 600 pounds. Unlike lions that live in groups, tigers are solitary animals. Tigers also have very good eyesight and hearing. Its eyesight is six times better than a human’s.
Amur tigers live in the forests located in the Russian Far East and northeastern China. They have a thick yellow fur coat with black stripes(条纹). Their stripes are like human fingerprints. Every tiger has a different and unique stripe pattern. Tigers use their striped coat to hide themselves from the animals they hunt. Their thick fur and a thick layer of fat keep them warm during the long, cold winters in the forest.
As powerful and quiet hunters, Amur tigers usually hunt at night. Sometimes these tigers travel hundreds of miles looking for food. They hunt deer and wild boar(野猪) that live in the forest. They also hunt smaller types of bears. A hungry Amur tiger can eat more than 50 pounds in one night.
Today, Amur tigers are an endangered species. People illegally hunt Amur tigers. Amur tigers are also still in danger because the forests they live in are being destroyed. Illegal logging(砍伐) and new roads destroy their forest homes. It makes it hard for the tigers to find food. It also makes it difficult for the tigers to travel for long distances. They almost disappeared forever at the beginning of the 20th century—They were hunted until only 40 tigers remained in the wild.
Countries like Russia then began to protect these big cats. They made it illegal to hunt them and tried to protect their forest habitat. After these changes, the number of Amur tigers living in the wild increased. Scientists believe there are about 540 Amur tigers living in the wild today.
1. What does the underlined word “solitary” in the first paragraph mean?| A．Scary. | B．Smart. | C．Nonsocial. | D．Big. |
| A．They feature the same stripe pattern. | B．They have bad eyesight and hearing. |
| C．They have no need to hide themselves. | D．They often go hunting when night falls. |
| A．Methods and effects of tiger protection. |
| B．The number of tigers in various countries. |
| C．The differences in the living habits of tigers. |
| D．Reasons for tigers becoming endangered animals. |
| A．Where Do Amur Tigers Live? | B．The Interesting but Endangered Amur Tigers |
| C．The World’s Largest Lions | D．How Many Tigers Are Left in the World? |
4 . Some animals enjoy playing just like humans do although researchers used to think that applied mostly to birds and mammals. An animal plays when it does something that doesn’t seem to be constructive to its survival so it’s not about food or shelter, for instance. The behavior is also often done again and again.
However, scientists have now conducted experiments that seems to prove bees play too. As far as the experts know, bees are the only insect to do so.
Researchers from Queen Mary University in London earned out an experiment in which bumble bees were taught to roll little balls with the aim of being rewarded with food. They then discovered the insects kept rolling balls even when they weren’t rewarded. They then did another experiment: a path was built from the beehive to a section containing food. Balls were placed on each side of the path leading to the food. The balls on one side were glued down and couldn’t move and the balls on the other side were free and capable of moving. The bees could stay on the path to get to their food, but they always went to the side of the moveable balls and rolled them along. One bee even rolled the balls 44 times in one day.
Researchers say the experiments may well show insects are more evolved than we think.
1. Which of the following best describes the animals’ behavior?| A．Recovered. | B．Repeated. | C．Responded. | D．Recommended. |
| A．The bees kept playing without reward. |
| B．The bees taught each other to roll balls. |
| C．The bees rolled little balls to get food. |
| D．The bees rewarded each other. |
| A．To show the balls were movable. |
| B．To show the bees enjoy food. |
| C．To show the bees enjoy playing. |
| D．To show the balls were important. |
| A．Insects’ evolution is out of control. |
| B．Insects’ behaviors are beyond imagination. |
| C．Insects’ behaviors are out of control. |
| D．Insects’ evolution is beyond imagination. |
5 . Biologist Marc Bekoff studies dogs, wolves and coyotes.
Playing together, for instance, helps animals bond and keeps them close to the group. “Coyote pups who don’t play together are more likely to go out on their own.
Why do animals have friends? “Mainly because in the long run they benefit from friendships,” scientist Franz de Waal says. “It is all give and take.
| A．Young animals often team up for protection |
| B．He believes that many animals do have friends |
| C．He thinks that many animals seldom have friends |
| D．Therefore, playing together sometimes is harmful |
| E．And leaving the protection of the group can be dangerous |
| F．This friendly behavior can be important to an animal’s survival |
| G．Sometimes one gives more, the other takes more, but in the end both parties gain |
6 . As the air cools and sunlight decreases each fall, thousands of western monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) return to California to spend winter. One of the best places to watch the colorful scene is Pismo Beach.
From now through February, over 10, 000 will fly to trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove, one of five locations in the state to host so many of the colorful creatures. Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.
The migration peaks in November, when the last of the western monarchs settle into the trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove. Some have flown over 1, 000 miles from as far away as Canada to escape winter's low temperatures. The butterflies gather on tree branches, where they mostly remain sitting, until sunlight bathes the trees and the western monarchs begin to beat their wings. Activity reaches its peak in February.
While this annual sight is wonderful, it pales in comparison to what used to be. Millions of western monarch butterflies used to spend winter in California and Mexico only a few decades ago. Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.
“In monarchs’ overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity. “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.”
Conservation efforts are underway in several states, including California, to help restore populations of monarch and western monarch butterflies. However, it is unknown how successful these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete collapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.
1. What attracts monarchs to Pismo Beach?| A．Its natural beauty. | B．Its stable weather. | C．Its variety of trees. | D．Its favorable climate. |
| A．The worsened environment. | B．The extreme climatic conditions. |
| C．The decreased number of monarchs. | D．The threats from butterflies’ enemies. |
| A．To draw a conclusion. | B．To make a comparison. |
| C．To make a prediction. | D．To draw readers’ attention. |
| A．It's unclear how effective the efforts will be. | B．Scientists don’t know what measures to take. |
| C．The number of the butterflies is sure to go up. | D．Measures have been taken to protect the insect. |
7 . The flying fox is not a fox at all. It is an extra large bat that has got a fox’s head, and that feeds on fruit instead of insects (昆虫). Like all bats, flying foxes hang themselves by their toes when at rest, and travel in great crowds when out flying. A group will live in one place for years. Sometimes several hundred of them occupy (占据) a single tree. As they return to the tree toward sunrise in the morning, they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight.
Flying foxes have babies once a year, giving birth to only one each time. At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes. Later she leaves it hanging up, and brings back food for it to eat. Sometimes a baby bat falls down to the ground and squeaks (尖叫) for help. Then the older ones swoop (俯冲) down and try to pick it up. If they fail to do so, it will die. Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree.
1. The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in________.| A．their size | B．the way they rest |
| C．the kind of food they eat | D．their appearance |
| A．lose a lot of their young |
| B．fight and kill a lot of themselves |
| C．move from place to place constantly |
| D．double (翻一番) their number every year |
| A．fly out toward the sun | B．look for a new resting place |
| C．come back to their home | D．go out and look for food |
| A．when there is not enough food | B．only when it is dark |
| C．to protect their homes from outsiders (外来者) | D．to occupy the best resting places |
Ever since he was a kid, Colin had taken great interest in hiking (远足）. To celebrate his 40th birthday, he planned to climb Mountain Sunshine.
The night before his journey, Colin filled his backpack with hiking poles, a homemade hamburger, and some other necessities. He drove off at 7 am the next day, his mountain bike in the trunk(后备箱）。When he was already on the way, he suddenly realized there was a possibility of bear attack.
About an hour later, he arrived at a camp and checked in.“Is there anything you need?”Vito,the camp manager, asked him.
“Bear spray(驱熊喷雾），”said Colin.
After finding a bottle, Vito offered him a ride. They trucked along a road until the forest got too thick. As Colin put his mountain bike against a bush so that he could recover it on the way back, Vito said, “I'll come for you if you're not back when the night falls." “Nothing to worry about,” Colin replied in a confident voice.
With the bear spray in one pocket,Colin started hiking.He marked his trail(足迹，踪迹） and made lots of noise to drive away any curious animals.
Before he knew it, it was getting dark. Not wanting to get caught in the dark, and satisfied with what he'd finished that day, he started to climb down the mountain, and soon recovered his bike.
As he passed a marker showing 3 kilometers away from the camp, he suddenly stopped his bike-a bear stood in the middle of the narrow road,some hundred meters away. Knowing it could easily attack him if he sped up, Colin decided not to anger the bear.
注意：1.写作词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The animal came in his direction, closer and closer.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________At that very moment, a truck stopped right in front of him.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9 . Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest(巢)and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or people as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
1. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?| A．It's small in size. |
| B．It's hidden in trees. |
| C．It's covered with wax. |
| D．It's hard to recognize. |
| A．A bee. | B．A bird. |
| C．A honey seeker. | D．A beekeeper. |
| A．it gets its food |
| B．it goes to church |
| C．it sings in the forest |
| D．it reaches into bees' nests |
| A．Wild Bees |
| B．Beekeeping in Africa |
| C．Wax and Honey |
| D．Honey-Lover's Helper |
10 . On a farm in England, Gavin and Alice Munro are taking sustainability to the next level: they harvest trees which they grow into chairs.
The couple have a furniture（家具）farm in Derbyshire where they are growing 250 chairs, 100 lamps and 550 tables. It is their answer to what they see as the inefficient（无效率的）process of cutting down mature trees to create furniture.
"Instead of force-growing a tree for 50 years and then cutting it down and making it into smaller and smaller bits…the idea is to grow the tree into the shape that you want directly. It’s like a kind of 3D printing, "said Gavin.
Part of the inspiration for the idea came when Gavin was a young boy. He spotted an overgrown bonsai tree（盆栽） which looked like chair.
The 44-year-old began experimenting in 2006. In 2012, Gavin and Alice set up the company Full Grown. Within several years, the couple developed the most effective way to shape a tree without limiting its growth. They guided shoots（嫩枝）already heading in the right direction, rather than force them the wrong way against their natural growth.
The average chair takes six to nine years to grow-and another year to dry out. The labor and time involved in producing the organic pieces means they do not come cheap. Chairs sell for ￡10,000 each, lamps for ￡900 to ￡2,300 and tables for ￡2,500 to ￡12,500.
1. How could the couple grow trees into a shape they needed?| A．They used 3D printing. |
| B．They limited their growth. |
| C．They forced trees into different shapes. |
| D．They guided their shoots in the right direction. |
| A．When he was a child. | B．When they got married. |
| C．When they bought the farm. | D．When they began experimenting in 2006. |
| A．Big and eco-friendly. | B．Natural but expensive. |
| C．Hand-made and creative. | D．Traditional but organic. |
| A．A Couple Grow Furniture | B．Expensive Grown Chairs |
| C．It’s A Good Try Of Sustainability | D．Grown Trees Gain Popularity |
