3 . A 24-year-old female space commander(指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang'e-5 lunar probe(月球探测器) on 23 November. Social media users have been referring to her as a "source of pride" for the country.     1     Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison.

Starting in 2004, the Chang'e Programme consists of three stages of "orbiting", "landing" and "returning".       2     In December 2013, the goal of China's first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander and Yutu Lunar Rover of Chang'e-3. Last year, Chang'e-4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon.

The Chang'e-5 mission is China's third successful Moon landing in seven years.    3     If successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union.

Most Chinese know the story of the mythological Chang'e, the Chinese goddess of the moon. People can't hear the word "Chang'e" without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess.     4     And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over state media, with comments about how she is a "front-line soldier in the field of aerospace" and a "big sister" that young Chinese can look up to.

However, the huge amount of interest in the Guizhou Province native has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her.     5    

A．Her story in particular has inspired the public, considering her young age.

B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.

C．However, China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country.

D．Despite her young age, Zhou is now working at Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site.

E．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.

F．For this reason, China's mission to the moon was calling out for a strong female figure(女性形象).

G．China completed the "orbiting" phase by launching Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010.

4 . New observations of the Moon show that lunar water may be more accessible than originally thought. The new data is particularly exciting for NASA, which hopes to make use of the Moon’s resources — especially water ice existing in the soil — to help future astronauts live and work on the lunar surface.

In one study, researchers discovered water directly on the lunar surface, finding the molecule(分子) on areas of the Moon lighted by the Sun. A second study speculates （推测）that water ice might be trapped in tiny areas or small holes spread all over the Moon’s surface, making water more abundant (大量的) and more accessible than we could have imagined. The two studies were published in the journal Nature.

This isn’t the first time water has been discovered on the Moon. But the only water we’ve been able to find until now is really difficult to reach. It seems to be primarily located in large holes at the lunar south pole that are in continuous shadow. The freezing holes are dangerously cold — possibly reaching -400 ℉ — making them almost impossible to access with modern technology.

The research published today raises the possibility that astronauts can find water in other areas of the Moon that are far less deadly. “If we find that it’s abundant enough in certain locations, it would be easier to access versus going into these very cold, very dark places,” Casey Honniball, an expert at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and lead author on one of the studies, tells The Verge.

It seems to be good news for NASA. But there are still a lot of unknowns related to this research. Though the first study discovered water, the researchers didn’t find a lot. Besides, if the water is existing in the lunar dirt as expected, it’s going to take a lot of work to get it. “The method to get that water would be to melt the glass, so that the water can be released,” Honniball says. “This is a difficult process, compared to some other methods.”
1. Where can we read about the new studies？

A．From NASA.	B．In The Verge.
C．From Space Flight Center.	D．In the journal Nature.

2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A．The only water found is located on areas lighted by the Sun.

B．The deadly cold situation stops people from accessing the holes.

C．It is the first time that people have found water on the Moon.

D．It can reach a temperature of -400 ℃ in the holes.

3. What is the difficulty when we get the water according to Honniball?

A．Great efforts will be needed to melt the glass.

B．There is not enough water on the Moon.

C．We don’t know where to find the water.

D．We don’t know how to get the water.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．NASA plans to send astronauts to the Moon.

B．A lot of unknowns exist in making use of the Moon.

C．Using water on the Moon will be key to a future lunar base.

D．Water ice on the Moon may be easier to reach than we thought.

5 . Scientists who study the Sun watch for sunspots—violent storms that can affect communications，navigation systems and even electric power stations on the Earth.

Sunspots are a product of huge electromagnetic storms on the Sun. Scientists on the Earth are able to observe sunspots eight minutes after they happen. That is how long it takes for the Sun’s light to reach us.

The first electrically charged particles (颗粒）from a sunspot enter the Earth’s atmosphere about 20 to 30 minutes after the storm happens. These particles can harm human beings. So before they arrive, astronauts on the International Space Station move into special areas designed to protect them from their effects.

About a day or two later, the biggest part of the storm arrives. It is called a coronal mass ejection. “That is billions of tons of solar material that's blown away from the Sun. It’s traveling millions of kilometers an hour, but that is relatively slow.” says Alex Young, the Associate Director for Science at NASA's Heliophysics Science Division.

Several civilian government agencies and the U.S. Air Force watch weather conditions in space 24 hours a day. NASA does so because it must protect its astronauts and the electronic devices on its spacecraft.

Scientists are also trying to understand why the number of sunspots rises and falls at almost regular intervals every 11 years. In other words, scientists can almost predict the amount of solar activity. Sometimes the intensity (强度）is higher，sometimes lower，For example, the current solar cycle, as it is called, is much lower than the previous one.

Several satellites watch the Sun and the environment between the Sun and tho Earth. Pictures and other information from the satellites tell scientists what is happening on and near the Sun.

Alex Young says we have only been looking at the Sun with powerful instruments for about 30 to 40 years. Thai is a very short time compared to ll\o four billion years that tho star has been shining.

1. Why do astronauts on International Space Station move into special area?

A．To avoid being harmed.	B．To charge the battery.
C．To watch the Sun closely	D．To protect devices on the spacecraft.

2. How long does a solar cycle last?

A．About 8 minutes.	B．About 20 to 30 minutes
C．About 11 years.	D．About 30 to 40 minutes

3. What enables scientists to watch the Sun?

A．Environmental changes.	B．Good weather conditions
C．Advanced instruments.	D．Government agencies

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The role of satellites.	B．findings about sunpots
C．Observation of space.	D．Communication on the earth.

6 . Space is where our future is — trips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that apart from comets (彗星) and stars, there is little else out there.     1     Scientists are now concerned that if we don’t clean it up, we may all be in great danger.

The first piece of space junk was created in the year of 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard I stopped operating.     2     However, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things that no longer served any useful purpose in space.

    3     The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn Piper lost during a spacewalk.

The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage travelling spaceship. In addition to this, many pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth.     4     Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles.     5     They will stop littering in space and to clean up the trash already there.

A．Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations.

B．The junk floats slowly around the Earth.

C．However, since our space journey started, we have left much trash (垃圾) in space.

D．It is said that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting the Earth at speeds of up to 17, 500 miles per hour.

E．It lost its connection with the ground centre.

F．To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways for clearing the sky.

G．It hasn’t result in any serious problems up to now.