1 . The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there’s a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.

Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can’t collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.

In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can produce more than 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.

This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.

Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution.” Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. Only one women’s clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.

1. What has happened during the past five years?

A．Fabric has become much stronger.	B．Plastic pollution has been less serious.
C．Many plastic bottles have been reused.	D．Microfibers have been greatly improved.

2. What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes?

A．It is adding microfibers to the clothes.

B．It is worsening environmental problems.

C．It is making synthetic clothes last longer.

D．It is doing great damage to washing machines.

3. What can be inferred about Browne’s Benign by Design research project?

A．It has achieved great success.	B．It hasn’t got anything done.
C．It is known to very few people.	D．It is facing some difficulties.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．It’s important to learn to recycle

B．It’s never easy to solve pollution problems

C．Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution?

D．Are human beings moving forward or backward?

3 . 你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Green Travel”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。
内容包括：
1. 汽车带来问题（如空气污染，交通堵塞等）；
2. 解决办法（如骑自行车等）。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear friends,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That’s all. Thank you for your listening.

4 . 假如你是班长李华，你们班举办了以“Protect Our Earth”为主题的班会活动，并邀请了王教授给同学们做了讲座，请你在活动结束后给王教授写一封信表示感谢。
内容包括：1. 表达感谢；2. 活动的反响和同学们的收获；3. 再次表达感谢。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Professor Wang,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

5 . 为了号召同学们积极参与社区服务活动，你校下周将组织一场英语演讲比赛，主题为Take Action to Serve Your Community，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 服务社区的重要性；
2. 你的倡议；
3. 呼吁大家行动起来。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Environment-friendly ideas have been created to supply people with helpful     1     (tip) on how they can help the environment     2     well as save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to help the environment, even if they do or do not believe in     3    （globe）warming.

With power bills, water bills and all other expenses     4     (continue) to rise, it’s very hard for the average worker. No matter what your financial position is, there is always something everyone can do     5     (help) save our environment. We are not the only ones that live on this     6     (amaze) planet. We also share it     7     a wide range of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they     8     (be) not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please do all     9     you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising animals.

I hope these environment-friendly ideas can help everyone to do     10     (they) bit for the environment and to make this world a better place.

7 . 假定你是国际学校学生李华，4月22日“世界地球日”(Earth Day)即将来临，请你代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关爱地球。内容包括：
1.现状说明；
2.具体措施；
3.发出倡议。     
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . Endangered polar bears are breeding with grizzly bears, creating “pizzly” bears, which is being driven by climate change, scientists say.

As the world warms and Arctic sea ice thins, starving polar bears are being forced ever further south, where they meet grizzlies, whose ranges are expanding northwards. And with that growing contact between the two come increasing hybrids (杂交种), “pizzly” bears.

With features that could give the hybrids an advantage in warming northern habitats, some scientists guess that they could be here to stay. “Usually, the hybrids,“pizzly” bears aren’t better suited to their environments than their parents, but these hybrids are able to search for a wider range of food sources, ” Larisa DeSantis, an associate professor of biological sciences at Vanderbilt University, told Live Science.

The rise of “pizzly” bears appears with polar bears’ decrease: their number is estimated to go down by more than 30% in the next 30 years. This sudden fall is related partly to “pizzly” bears taking up polar bears’ ranges, but also to polar bears’ highly specialized diets.

“Polar bears mainly consumed soft foods even during the Medieval Warm Period, a previous period of rapid warming,” DeSantis said, referring to fat meals such as seals. “Although all of these starving polar bears are trying to find alternative food sources like seabird eggs.” Actually, the calories they gain from these sources do not balance out(抵消) those they burn from searching for them. This could result in a habitat ready for the hybrids to move in and take over, leading to a loss in biodiversity if polar bears are replaced.

“We’re having massive impacts with climate change on species,” DeSantis said. “The polar bear is telling us how bad things are. In some sense, “pizzly” bears could be a sad but necessary compromise(妥协) given current warming trends.”

1. Why do polar bears move further south?

A．To create hybrids.	B．To expand territory.
C．To deal with hunger.	D．To contact grizzlies.

2. What makes “pizzly” bears adapt to natural surroundings better than their parents?

A．Wider habitats.	B．More food choices.
C．Climate preference.	D．Improved breeding ability.

3. What can we learn about polar bears from the passage?

A．Polar bears are increasing.	B．Polar bears like soft foods.
C．Polar bears hate fat meals such as seals.	D．Climate change can benefit polar bears.

4. What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Polar bears are changing diets for climate change.

B．Polar bears have already adjusted to climate change.

C．“Pizzly” bears are on the rise because of global warming.

D．“Pizzly” bears have replaced polar bears for global warming.