2 . Recycling is good for our planet, but it can be confusing. Can I recycle plastic bags? What about pizza cartons? Toothpaste tubes? Which bin should I use? There are so many questions, and more than half of Americans are unsure about how to recycle.     1     Here’s a handy four-step guide on how to recycle effectively:

Know what to put in the recycling bin. Keep it simple and focus on the most commonly recycled items, such as paper, glass, aluminum and plastic.     2     Don’t use the recycled symbol as a guide. “The number on the container is really for people to identify the type of resin (树脂). That’s not helpful for the common consumer,” said Cody Marshall, a strategist at nonprofit Recycling Partnership.

    3     It is really important to know what you cannot put in your bin. You can always check with your city or at BeRecycled.org. If you live in the US, just plug in your postcode to search. Recycling companies struggle with the same problem items: hoses (软管), cords, needles and clothing, according to Marshall, so don’t put those items in your bin.

Wash or clean items. Do a quick clean to make sure there is no food left in containers before you put them in the bin.     4     Save food for composting (堆肥) in your garden.

Don’t bag it. Unless you live in a place that requires it, like New York City, keep the recyclables lost in the bin. “A lot of the time, it’s not safe for our employees to tear those bags open, or it takes too much time,” said Keller. “    5    ”

A．Know what is not recyclable.

B．The answers are not hard to find.

C．A lot of bagged stuff goes right to the landfill.

D．Plastic bags can be used again or returned to grocery stores.

E．If you really don’t know if an item is recyclable, then just throw it in the garbage.

F．This is really important if you only use one bin because food items could ruin paper.

G．Hard plastics like water and soft drink bottles or anything like these can be recycled.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese scientists have developed a kind of plastic that degrades in sea water and could help slow down the     1    (increase) serious plastic pollution in the ocean.

The new plastic can degrade in sea water over a period ranging from a few days to several hundred days,     2    (leave) small parts that cause no pollution, said Wang Gexia,     3     is a senior engineer. 

For a long time, people focused     4     white pollution on land. Plastic pollution in the sea only caught people’s attention when more and more     5    (report) about marine animals dying from it appeared in recent years.

Scientists combined water dissolution and biodegradation processes     6    (design) and invent     7     new plastic.

The research     8    (select) as one of the winning projects at a contest. The contest encouraged young Chinese scientists to develop groundbreaking technologies and was intended to inspire creativity. 

China has given top attention to     9    (environment) protection, contributing Chinese wisdom to     10    (resolve) global pollution problems.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

17­-year­-old Jackson Hinkle, a surfer, has always been aware of     1     issue of plastic pollution and its effects on ocean ecosystems. This year, however, was a big year when it came to taking action, reports Teen Vogue. He became a Water Ambassador for The Water Effect at The Ecology Center, and     2     (organize) a march against the Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) in Orange County to raise people’s awareness of water rights and support the     3     (create) of a clean future. Besides, he     4     (present) serves as the founder and president of Team Zissou, an     5     (environment) club that has popped up in schools in California, Hawaii, Washington, and Canada. Jackson is also leading a campaign in his town called “Plastic Free SC,”     6     promotes the usage of reusable water bottles. “Our team is urging local restaurants and eateries     7     (join) our movement by transferring from carrying plastic water bottles to selling more sustainable paper water bottles, and is planning to equip our city     8     new water bottle refill stations and water fountains.”     9     (find) out simple ways you can start reducing your carbon footprint today and you’ll make contributions to stopping the earth from getting     10    (pollute).

6 . 请以“Change begins with you”为题目写一篇呼吁保护野生动物的演讲稿，内容如下：

⑴ 演讲目的；

⑵ 保护野生动物的原因；

⑶ 保护野生动物的建议；

⑷ 再次呼吁保护野生动物。

注意：词数在100左右，可以适当增加细节。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . If a sixth mass extinction occurs, scientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out. ...

    1    ? Experts say that it is not yet too late,     2    . This would mean we have to significantly change the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species,     3    . We need to change how we work and travel by using cleaner, more natural sources of energy,     4    . We also need to improve our farming methods to reduce water, air and land pollution.     5    .

A．if we take action now

B．such as wind and solar energy

C．What caused the sixth extinction

D．Can a sixth extinction be avoided

E．including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected

F．Our world and our lives depend on the balance in nature between animals and plants

G．In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.

8 . Alaska's Arctic is experiencing surprising changes with the effects of climate change occurring at twice the rate of the rest of the world. Significant loss of sea ice from a warming climate is one example of this change. Polar bears rely on sea ice — their primary habitat — to hunt seals, which are their primary food source. In certain regions of the Arctic, loss of sea ice has sharply reduced the ability of polar bears to hunt for seals, and it has resulted in polar bears coming to shore to look for food and den in greater numbers.

There are 19 polar bear populations throughout the circumpolar Arctic, two of which include the Chukchi and Southern Beaufort Sea Populations. The Southern Beaufort Sea population is considered the most endangered on the planet, and Defenders has prioritized our polar bear work to focus on this population.

Defenders has a multi-pronged approach to protecting the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears. We are working to protect its critical habitat, minimize climate change effects and reduce human-polar bear conflicts. To reduce human-polar bear conflicts, we promote and support a variety of coexistence measures, including the use of polar bear-proof food storage lockers and polar bear patrols in Arctic communities that use non-lethal hazing   and deterrence measures as a first line of defense.

The Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears has experienced such a dramatic rate of decline in the past few decades that it's possible that this population could be extinct within our lifetime. Clearly strong measures are needed to limit greenhouse gas emissions to lessen the effects of climate change and slow the loss of sea ice.

In the case of the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears, in addition to reducing climate impacts, we need to continue to work to reduce human-polar bear conflicts so that community residents remain safe and fewer of these polar bears are lost to “defense of life and property” kills. Defenders is grateful to be able to work with Arctic communities, families and residents to do what we can't to ensure community safety and preserve and ultimately recover this polar bear population.

1. How has climate change influenced polar bears?

A．It has threatened their freedom and security.

B．It has created increasing conflicts among them.

C．It has caused a dangerous population imbalance.

D．It has destroyed their habitats and food source access.

2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on?

A．The effects of human activities on polar bears.	B．The measures taken to preserve polar bears.
C．The current living situations of polar bears.	D．The favorable environment for polar bears.

3. What can be learned about the Southern Beaufort Sea population of polar bears?

A．Their population has recovered.

B．Their self-protection efforts have worked.

C．Some have lost their lives to residents' defense kills.

D．Some have adapted to changes in their surroundings.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Encountering polar bears	B．Coexisting with polar bears
C．Polar bears are making a comeback	D．Polar bears may survive the ice melt