1 . After a lifetime of bringing nature back. Sir David Attenborough wants us to get out of our comfort zones and help save the natural world. "I think it's terrible that children should
For so many years, he travelled with just a leather suitcase. His wife would see him off at the airport, never knowing
Despite his
So just be modest. Don't waste.”
1.| A．take off | B．grow up | C．live on | D．pass away |
| A．awful | B．amazing | C．courageous | D．excellent |
| A．spread | B．expanded | C．recovered | D．shrunk |
| A．nature | B．humans | C．rate | D．cities |
| A．click | B．remind | C．tip | D．fix |
| A．returned | B．fixed | C．pressed | D．seen |
| A．come out | B．take over | C．wipe out | D．bring out |
| A．quite | B．hard | C．fast | D．luckily |
| A．relief | B．series | C．text | D．reaction |
| A．chest | B．hand | C．face | D．hair |
| A．award | B．approached | C．recognized | D．threw |
| A．credit | B．reward | C．money | D．chance |
| A．stress | B．observation | C．fame | D．explanation |
| A．community | B．generation | C．race | D．species |
| A．precious | B．curious | C．attractive | D．powerful |
Nowadays, people are understanding the need to solve the climate and biodiversity problem. Poor ecosystems, forest fires, Covid-19 and more extreme weather events are showing us that the destruction of the natural world is greatly impacting on the planet.
Rainforest Concern
One of the most immediate threats to the bio-region is heavy industry, resulting in polluted rivers and the
To protect the cloud forests from threats, Rainforest Concern supports community reserves and has created a private reserve,
3 . The lives of sea turtles begin on a beach when hatchlings crawl up out of their sandy nests and try to get to the sea as fast as they can. Those that aren’t eaten by killers on their way to the water swim out into the ocean until they find somewhere they can hide, eat and grow.
Ten to fifty years later, depending on the species, the sea turtles mate in shallow waters. Then the females return to the same beach where they were born to lay their eggs, and the cycle begins again.
SAVE ENDANGERED SEA TURTLES! Here’s how YOU can make a difference! 1. Only buy ethically harvested seafood. Seafood Watch. org's app will help you choose seafood providers who don't harm sea turtles. 2. Use reusable bags and water containers.Reduce your use of plastics and refuse to use plastic bags, disposable straws and water bottles. 3. Volunteer for beach clean-up activities. Help make our coastlines safer for sea turtles by removing harmful garbage like plastic bags and disposable straws. 4. Clear the beach of obstacles at night. Remove chairs and sandcastles and turn off any lights so sea turtles can more easily travel between their nests and the water. |
Turtles that successfully avoid the numerous threats to their existence can live up to 100 years. But predators, fishing nets and garbage are major problems, and only one out of every 1,000 hatchlings will reach adulthood. There are seven sea turtle species, and six of them are either threatened, endangered or critically endangered. Many organizations around the world are working hard to ensure that sea turtles will not disappear from our oceans.
1. After leaving their nests, how long will it be before the sea turtles are old enough to reproduce?| A．Ten to fifty months, depending on environmental factors |
| B．Six months, if they can survive that long in the open ocean |
| C．One to five weeks, depending on how much they find to eat |
| D．One to five decades, depending on the kind of sea turtle |
| A．Water pollution that harms sea turtles |
| B．Fishing industry practices that harm sea turtles |
| C．Other animals that eat sea turtles |
| D．Turtle overpopulation that makes food short |
| A．It gives the turtles a clear path from their nests to the ocean. |
| B．Tourists won’t trip on anything in the dark when they’re looking for turtles. |
| C．Waste on the beach ruins the view at night. |
| D．It makes it more difficult for killers to hunt the turtles. |
In 2004, the junior high school student, now 13, launched the basketball-themed Hoops of Hope,
“I realized these kids weren’t any
Another participant, Li Yeqiao, a 15-year-old student at Beijing Bayi Middle School, told the conference how the group seeks to improve the way electronic waste
British animal behavior expert Jane Goodall introduced the Roots & Shoots concept to China in 2000 to promote environmental and humanitarian education programs to
5 . Plastic is the workhorse material of the modern economy. Light and durable, it’s been used to make a vast number of products since its introduction over 100 years ago.
However, a study carried out by the World Economic Forum, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation(基金会) and McKinsey &Company showed the breakdown of the status of the global plastic system. A full 32% of the 78 million tons of plastic packaging produced annually is left to flow into out oceans.
The Ocean Cleanup, a startup founded in 2013, is the brainchild of Boyan Slat, who came up with the idea for the company when he was just 17 years old. Since then, it has received more than $2 million in funding(基金). The company plans to use a large device that will be fixed to the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. This will have arms that spread out over 100 km, getting all of the plastic garbage pushed into its nets. This is then collected by a 10,000 metrecube container that will be emptied monthly.
Most recently, the Ocean Cleanup launched a team of explorers aboard a specially refitted C130 Hercules aircraft heavily loaded with specialized sensor equipment. It discovered that the problem was worse than expected with an abundance of plastics measuring up to 1.5m across and at a higher density than previously thought. The organization will continue to pilot the device and will start removing the pile before the end of the decade.
Once the plastic is out, what should we do with it? The foundation hopes that the plastic from the ocean will have a commercial value which can help to fund the project. Ocean plastic is not easy to use, for it’s mixed with everything from intact PET bottles to microplastics. However, some of the world’s biggest companies also see the chance to market products made of ocean plastic.
Transforming today’s plastic economy from its present form (takemakewaste) to a zero waste circular economy (takemaketakemake) is a difficult challenge. However, with cooperative action from producers, recyclers, governments and consumers alike and continuing innovation, it can be done.
1. What’s Boyan Slat’s idea about?| A．A way to collect ocean plastic waste. | B．A new product made of ocean plastic. |
| C．A machine to recycle plastic garbage. | D．An organization to research into plastic. |
| A．About 35 tons. | B．About 25 tons. | C．About 45 tons. | D．About 55 tons. |
| A．It’ll sponsor the foundation. | B．It’ll be recycled by the government. |
| C．It’ll be turned into treasure. | D．It’ll take the form of takemakewaste. |
| A．A diary. | B．A guidebook. | C．A novel. | D．A magazine. |
Following pressure from animal activist groups , Apsara, the management authority for the Angkor Archaeological Park in Siem Reap, Cambodia announced in June 2019 it would ban elephant rides in early 2020. Now the process has already begun.
An Apsara press
In 2016, an elephant named Sambo died at Angkor Archaeological Park,
The ban comes at a time when more and more travelers and tourism organizations around the world have moved to eliminate animal-related attractions. Most recently, Trip Advisor-one of the world’s biggest travel listings and booking sites--announced that
7 . Many of the New World supermarkets in New Zealand are letting their fruits and vegetables go packaging-free. In an innovative project pioneered by the New World supermarket located at Bishopdale in Christchurch, this change has led to an amazing increase in sales according to The New Zealand Herald. "We monitor them year on year and after we introduced the idea, we noticed sales of spring onions, for example, had increased by 300 percent," Bishopdale’s owner Nigel Bond told NZ Herald. "There may have been other factors at play, but we noticed similar increases in other vegetables." Bond explained, "When we first set up the new shelving, our customers were blown away. It reminded me of when I was a kid going to the fruiterer with my Dad you could smell the fresh oranges and spring onions. By wrapping products in plastic, we sanitize and keep people away from this experience, it was a huge regret for us."
This new project is part of the movement to do away with all single-use plastic packaging. There are actually government regulations that went into effect on July 1, 2019 for a phase out(强制逐步淘汰) of plastic bags by all retailers. Plastics take up as much as 20 percent of New Zealand's landfill space to 252,000 tons per year.
The idea for the unwrapped produce came from Bond. He went on a study tour in the US and was impressed by the sales at Whole Foods. Then he spoke to growers and suppliers who were more than happy to look at different ways to provide produce without the plastic packaging.
Now, most of the produce is plastic-free but some items - including grapes and some tomatoes - still come wrapped in plastic. Nine New World supermarkets in the South Island have followed the Bishop dales stores example. And New World is testing another new way to BYO (=bring your own) containers for the meat and seafood departments. All of this is a part of the supermarket chain commitment to sustainable practices.
1. What's the result of making vegetables go packaging-free?| A．An innovative project was carried out. |
| B．More vegetables have been sold. |
| C．Nigel Bond monitored sales stricter. |
| D．Other factors were found to play the role. |
| A．Not using all single-use plastic packaging. |
| B．Limiting the development of retailers. |
| C．Stopping using plastic bags gradually. |
| D．Building more New Zealand's landfill space. |
| A．Whole Foods’ sales. |
| B．His study in the college. |
| C．His impression from work. |
| D．Growers and suppliers' requirements. |
| A．New World's Fruits and Vegetables Going Packaging-Free. |
| B．New Zealand's Supermarkets Calling for Environmental protection. |
| C．New Zealand's Contribution to Reducing the Use of Plastics. |
| D．New World's Supermarkets' New Ways to Promote Sales. |
8 . Polyurethane(聚氨酯)'s durability (耐久性) has made it a desirable material in many industries that depend on its flexibility and light weight to mass-produce things. But its long length of service also makes it extremely difficult to break down or be recycled into new products. Therefore, many tons of polyurethane plastics end up in waste fields, where they pile up for decades, harming the health of wild animals and humans alike.
For most creatures, the build-up of polyurethane plastics means only bad news. But at least one of Earth's organisms sees them as a favor: a kind of bacterium called Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 that appears to love eating some parts of this kind of plastics. This organism seems to grow well in waste fields.
Other plastic-chewing bacteria have been discovered before, but each seems to have their own taste in types of chemicals they prefer to break down. Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 is one of only a few organisms known to be tolerant to the plastics' typically poisonous characters. What's more, the bacterium doesn’t just survive the plastics' unpleasant ingredients (成分): It uses some of them as a food source.
" While there is still much work to be done, this is exciting and necessary research that shows the power of valuable biocatalysts (生物催化剂) found in nature," John McGeehan, the director of the Centre for Enzyme Innovation said. "Understanding and using such natural processes will open the door for new recycling solutions. "
Mass microbial (微生物的) clean-ups of plastics aren't necessarily possible in our future, however. The bacterium doesn’t seem able to break down these products completely. But the study " author Hermann J. Heipieper hopes that in-depth studies of Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 will uncover the genes crucial to these plastic-attacking abilities. Understanding how these genes and their products work could help scientists engineer environmentally-friendly approaches to handling plastics in the future.
In the meantime, Heipieper stresses the importance of not worsening the plastic issue. As he tells The Guardian9 ”The main message should be to avoid using plastics which are later thrown into the environment in the first place."
1. What do we learn about polyurethane from Paragraph 1?| A．Its recycling takes decades. |
| B．It is not commonly seen in life. |
| C．It is not mass-produced in many industries. |
| D．Its durability makes it a double-edged sword. |
| A．Because it makes plastics less poisonous. |
| B．Because it feeds on polyurethane plastics. |
| C．Because it has a special taste for chemicals. |
| D．Because it removes plastics' unpleasant ingredients. |
| A．The breakthrough in plastic recycling. |
| B．The process of developing biocatalysts. |
| C．The reliability of new recycling solutions. |
| D．The significance of recycling used things. |
| A．Recycling plastics in a green way. |
| B．Finding more valuable biocatalysts. |
| C．Using fewer plastics in our daily life. |
| D．Setting up strict standards for producing plastics. |
1. 世界环境日的宗旨；
2. 你的做法；
3. 你的呼吁。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
10 . Fast fashion has changed the way we dress. We buy more clothes, more often, but wear them less. The average lifespan of a piece of clothing is just two years, and 87 percent of unwanted clothing ends up in landfill or incinerators (焚化炉).
Alina Bassi, founder, of Kleiderly, wants to give our clothing waste another chance of a useful life. The 30-year-old chemical engineer has always cared about the threat of climate change — in her teens she made a film highlighting the environmental impact of Heathrow Airport — but she actually started her career in the oil industry. “I learned so much there, but knew it wasn’t quite right for me,” Bassi says. As a junior engineer, it was difficult to affect change in large corporations and she wanted to make an impact. “I really wanted to work in sustainability. (可持续性).”
After a few more years in the energy industry, she landed a job with bio-bean, a company that turned waste coffee grounds from major UK cafe chains into products that could be burned for heat and fuel. After a year in Berlin as chief operating officer of Kaffeeform, another coffee recycling company, Bassi was eager to step into a different field — used coffee grounds are not the biggest threat faced by the planet. Instead, Bassi poured her efforts into tackling a much bigger polluter.
Kleiderly hopes to change the landscape of clothing waste. Using the principles of a circular (循环的) economy, Bassi has developed a low-energy, multi-stage process to turn clothing fibers into an alternative to oil-based plastic. She is reluctant to reveal any further details as the process is still being patented. This plastic can then be fed to manufacturers that can use it in their existing machines, so that your old T-shirts and jeans are reused as brand new products. “I wanted to take the fibers and turn them into something that would be used for many years to come.” Bassi says.
1. What do we learn about Bassi’s work in the oil industry?| A．It gave her much joy. |
| B．It inspired her to make a film. |
| C．It went against her personal goals. |
| D．It made her worry about the oil industry. |
| A．She should enter the energy industry. |
| B．She should do more to help prevent pollution. |
| C．She should take advantage of coffee grounds |
| D．She should accept the principles of a circular economy. |
| A．Determined. | B．Unwilling. |
| C．Unlucky. | D．Proud. |
| A．Engineers find a new way to produce oil-based plastic |
| B．A lady makes great efforts to promote the fashion industry |
| C．Engineers appeal to various industries to fight climate change |
| D．A lady devotes herself to giving clothing waste a second life |
