1.野生动物生存现状；
2.保护野生动物的措施。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
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Yours，
Li Hua
2 . Against the assumption that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.| A．result in a warming climate |
| B．cause the forest fires to occur more frequently |
| C．lead to a longer fire season |
| D．protect the forests and the environment there |
| A．analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate |
| B．indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere |
| C．suggest that people should take measures to protect environment |
| D．suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming |
| A．released | B．absorbed |
| C．created | D．disturbed |
| A．warm the climate as the assumption goes |
| B．allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate |
| C．destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice |
| D．help to gain more energy rather than release more energy |
3 . A new set of R's are here: Recycle, Reduce and Reuse. These three “Rs”，when used every day, can reduce the amount of waste going into landfills, reduce the litter polluting the land and water, conserve (节约) energy and save your money.
Recycling is one of the easiest ways to save energy, money and time while reducing the amount of garbage going into landfills.
Most communities have roadside pickup service to recycle common household items like glass, steel, aluminum, newspaper and cardboard. By separating out the recyclable items from normal household trash, you can reduce the amount of trash entering a landfill by more than 75 percent.
Recycling one aluminum beverage can saves enough energy to run your television for three hours. Even better, local recyclers or scrapmetal dealers may pay money for your metal recyclables.
It is estimated that the 54 billion cans recycled last year in the US saved 15 million barrels of oil. That is equivalent (相等的) to the US oil consumption for one day. Recycling other household items offers similar savings in money and energy.
Composting food waste will reduce your trash load even more. A basic compost pile built with the help of instructions from numerous resources on the web can be constructed over a weekend, using materials easily obtained from local hardware or home improvement stores. In addition to reducing your waste, this allnatural recycling provides safe, clean and organic fertilizer for your garden, eliminating the need to buy chemicalderived products.
Finally, recycling other household items like computers, televisions and monitors and household chemicals like pesticides (农药) and paints will remove dangerous chemicals like mercury (水银) and lead from the landfills.
If your community doesn't offer recycling programs, contact your local government to get one established.
1. What's NOT true about recycling in the eyes of the author?| A．It's energyefficient. |
| B．It's moneysaving. |
| C．It's timeconsuming. |
| D．It's environmentallyfriendly. |
| A．three | B．four |
| C．five | D．six |
| A．Turning waste into fertilizer. |
| B．Throwing waste into dustbin. |
| C．Making waste clean and useful. |
| D．Finding new land to put the rubbish in. |
| A．happy | B．rich |
| C．green | D．economical |
4 . The hottest“green”toy in Germany isn't made of organic or recycled materials.This one has a solar panel and only runs if kids remember to insert bright red “energy stones”that power the space station.Germany，a pioneer in many renewable energy initiatives，is also at the forefront of creating environmentfriendly toys aimed at making kids think about where energy comes from and how much of it they can use，raising awareness through play.A number of hightech green toys are on display at this year's Nuremberg toy fair，which runs through Sunday.
Among them，there are hydroelectricpowered(水电动力的)toy cars，and doll houses with wind turbines and rainwater catchers.The bright green “Future Planet”space station features an inner atrium(中庭)with a fan that is powered by a functioning solar cell.Its aim is to get kids to use their imagination about how energy will be created in the future.
Makers and retailers believe such toys will play an increasingly important role in their future—and that of our kids.“Energy is the question of the future and we are definitely thinking about this as we move ahead，”said Judith Schweinitz，a spokeswoman for Playmobil，maker of the solar panelfitted space station.“It is increasingly being brought into our play concept.”Green toys—which range from those made of sustainable materials to ones like the space station that just raise environmental awareness—make up only a sliver of the $ 84 billion international toy market，but their share is growing，studies indicate.Environmental research firm Earthsense，based in Syracuse，New York，predicts that green toys will account for about $ 1 billion，or 5 percent of U．S.toy sales in the next five years.Parents are smart and they want information about what's in the product.That's what's really driving the market.
1. The hottest “green”toy in Germany is ________.| A．made of rubbish |
| B．made of organic or recycled materials |
| C．equipped with a solar panel |
| D．driven by an advanced motor |
| A．raise kids' awareness about energy and environment |
| B．improve kids' imagination |
| C．give kids the knowledge of technology |
| D．improve the safety of toys |
| A．can help save little energy |
| B．are not accepted by parents |
| C．will sell well in the future |
| D．have not been produced |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Optimistic. |
| C．Disappointed. | D．Proud. |
