2 . During a decline in tourism, one national park in Thailand has witnessed a dramatic rise in “visitors” recently. So many are the hermit crabs（寄居蟹）flooding into the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become in short supply.

The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200kg. On December 5 these were distributed around the park in a ceremony.

Hermit crabs rely on shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells maybe man-made: pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods. Crabs had begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.

The shell drive was part of a government initiative to “regain the balance of nature”. “I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes,” says Varawut Silpa-archa, the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by COVID-19. A ban on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover, bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.

The government has decided to try to copy the short break forced on it by COVID-19 in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for a short period during the off season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the short term, in the longer run more parks may help to keep the tourists coming.

1. What happened to the beaches of Koh Lanta recently?

A．They saw a constant stream of tourists.	B．They were packed with hermit crabs.
C．They became completely empty.	D．They got flooded by seawater.

2. What’s the author’s attitude towards human’s behaviors?

A．Supportive.	B．Indifferent.
C．Critical.	D．Not mentioned.

3. Why are turtles mentioned in Paragraph4?

A．To warn turtles are dying out.

B．To stress ecological diversity of Thailand.

C．To illustrate the birth of Varawut’s inspiration.

D．To prove beaches are their ideal habitats.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Authorities Help to Find Shelters for Homeless Hermit Crabs

B．Developing Economy or Protecting Animals?

C．Governments Are Responsible for the Balance of Nature

D．Closing National Parks or Drawing More Visitors?

3 . British artist Amy Sharrocks collects nearly all kinds of water. In 2013 she set up the Museum of Water, a live piece of artwork that travels all over the world and invited people to donate water—from spit to melted snow—in a bottle and discuss what it means to them.

The program aims to understand why people treasure water and help prepare them for a drier future and climate，Ms. Sharrocks told an audience of climate experts, activists and museum curators(馆长). ''For example, we show them how to have three minute showers to better deal with water shortages，'' she said.

Amy is not alone as a matter of fact. As world leaders increasingly face up to the serious results of climate change，curators are planning a new wave of museums, which are devoted to what many consider a vital issue of the times. In 2015, a former lawyer Miranda Massie created the first United States museum which was entirely devoted to climate change in New York City. ''Climate change is affecting virtually every aspect of our lives，'' Ms. Massie said. ''But we can't fight the problem with topdown policies alone. We need the public to participate and museums are a way to open people's mind to what matters. ''

Bridget McKenzie, director of Flow Associates, wanted to raise awareness of the dilemma of the Pacific island nations, which are particularly vulnerable(易受伤害的) to rising sea level. So with her team she set up a ''ghost boat'' made of old fish nets at the University of Cambridge's Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, and asked visitors what they would take with them if they were suddenly forced to leave their homes.

While museums can be a powerful way of communicating the effects of climate change, they should also practice what they spread and control their own emissions (排放物). ''Roughly half of cities' emissions come from energy use in buildings, '' said Elliot Goodger, a museums' association representative of the West Midlands in Britain，''museums have a duty to be energy efficient, for example, by using laser lighting for displays or improving their building materials. ''

1. Why did Amy Sharrocks set up the Museum of Water?

A．To help people get rid of water shortages.

B．To collect some special water worldwide.

C．To remind people to attach importance to water.

D．To warn people of the danger of a drier future.

2. What can we learn from Massie's words in Paragraph 3?

A．Fighting climate change demands joint efforts.

B．More climate museums should be built in future.

C．Climate change is a matter of concern to the public.

D．Policy responses to climate change need improving.

3. What can visitors learn when visiting the ''ghost boat''？

A．What is valuable to people.

B．What causes sea level to rise.

C．Rising sea level puts people's homes at risk.

D．The Earth's climate change endangers fishing.

4. What may Goodger advise climate museums to do?

A．Take the initiative.

B．Lead by example.

C．Change their traditional functions.

D．Add climate topics to their programs.