2 . Tips for Green Travel with Kids

Travelling doesn’t mean letting go of all the eco-friendly choices we work so hard to achieve in our daily life. Here are a few tips for green travel with kids.

Booking nonstop flights whenever possible will reduce carbon emissions (碳排放). If the closest local airport doesn’t have nonstop flights to a certain place, check with other local airports to see if nonstop flights are available.     1    

It’s easy when travelling to pull in to fast food restaurants for snacks.     2     My kids love to help plan snacks. I let them create their own snacks for the trip at home.

    3     At the airport, keep your reusable bottles empty until you have passed through the security (机场安检区). Fill them up on the other side of the security checkpoint. Single-use plastic water bottles create unnecessary waste and the plastic can be harmful to your health.

    4     In addition, opening a few windows and turning off the air conditioner (空调) are also good ways to save energy. You should also help your children keep their good, green habits while travelling. Sometimes vacation can mean more than one shower each day-once in the morning and again after getting out of the pool. Pay attention to the number of showers (淋浴) and the length of showers.     5    

A．Walking is good for your health.

B．Try to cut back to save water and energy.

C．But you can pack healthy food from home.

D．Travelling is a great chance to introduce your kids to the world.

E．Reusable water bottles are easy to bring along wherever you travel.

F．Save energy by turning off the hotel room lights when you head out for the day.

G．You might have to drive a bit farther, but saving on carbon emissions makes it worthwhile.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A small town in England is teaching the world that it is important     1     (grow) your own food. Any open space     2     (use) to grow fruit and vegetables. There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrots, here and there. Everyone can pick them     3     free. Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden. She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden walls and put up a sign     4     (say), “Help yourself.” Today, Pam has     5     (complete) changed the town. A new town has been born,     6     is called “Incredible Edible Todmorden”. Pam explained why she thought the idea was popular. “It’s possible and positive. Many people know we have to change,     7     how we do that is a question.” So one day, gathered all the     8     (villager) together. They decided to do something different at once. They didn’t write reports. They didn’t ask for permission. They just did it. Only a short time later, Todmorden     9     (become) a big garden of fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a motto: If you eat, you are in. But that’s not all. There are     10     (many) than 700 edible towns popping up around the world, from Canada to Mali. People there think about food and protect the environment at the same time.

4 . Located in the Indian Ocean,the Maldives(马尔代夫) are among the most beautiful islands in the world,with white sandy beaches,clear water,and amazing coral reefs(珊瑚礁).The country depends on tourism,fishing,and shipping.But the rising sea level and the carbon pollution causing warming oceans are threatening(威胁) their existence.

The Maldives have asked for international help.They are a tiny country.The World Bank,the United States,the European Union,and many other groups have offered money to develop safeguards against climate change.

To protect the islands,the Maldives have built sea walls and increased the elevation(海拔) of important buildings and services such as the two international airports,which lie just 165 feet from the coastline.

They’re also building up islands such as the Hulhumale.The new island is surrounded by 9-foot sea walls.More than 40,000 people live there.The plan is to house 240,000,providing new opportunities for jobs.The goal is an excellent planned community with sustainable housing and buildings sensitive to the environment and needs of the people.

The government will move people living on smaller,lower-lying islands to the new built-up islands.The new islands offer free houses,new schools,health hospitals,fresh water,and waste treatment.Depending on tourism,the country hopes to build 50 more tourist islands.

“Climate change is happening,but we are not leaving the Maldives to the sea,” said Environment Minister Thoriq Ibrahim.The Maldives will protect their islands,people and tourism with new islands and ongoing island development against the rising sea level.

1. What do we fail to learn according to the passage?

A．The Maldives are a small country.

B．Many groups have helped the Maldives.

C．240,000 people live on the Hulhumale now.

D．The Hulhumale is surrounded by 9-foot sea walls.

2. Which of the following will Thoriq Ibrahim agree with?

A．The Maldives will be protected.

B．The Maldivians will leave all the islands.

C．The Maldives should give up tourism.

D．The Maldives will sink to the sea.

3. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A．The Maldives and Their Tourism

B．The Maldives and Their Rising Sea Level

C．The Maldives and Their Climate Change

D．The Maldives and Their Fight Against the Rising Sea Level

4. What makes it difficult for the Maldives to exist?

A．Their tourism,fishing and shipping.

B．Their rising sea level and carbon pollution.

C．Their sandy white beaches and coral reefs.

D．Their distant islands and warming oceans.

5 . The endangered pandas in the Qinling Mountains might face a new threat: the loss of their food, bamboo, which makes up 99% of their meals.

Adult pandas spend most part of the day eating bamboo and have to take in at least 40 pounds a day to stay healthy. However, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may soon find their food gone because most of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains might disappear by the end of the century as a result of rising temperature worldwide.

A team made up of researchers from Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has studied the effects of climate change on the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains. They have found that bamboo is very sensitive to climate changes. “80% to 100% of the bamboo would be gone if the average temperature rises 3.5 degrees worldwide by the end of the century,” said Liu Jianguo, one of the report’s authors.

He added, “This is how much the temperature would rise by 2100 even if all countries will keep their promises in the Paris Agreement. But you know what is happening all around the world.”

In recent years, China has been trying its best to protect the endangered pandas by setting up more and bigger natural reserves.

“But it is far from enough and the endangered pandas need cooperation from the rest of the world, because their future is not just in the hands of the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin from the World Wildlife Fund but not a member of the team.

The Qinling Mountains, in the southwest of China, are home to about 260 pandas. That is about 13% of China’s wild panda population. In addition, about 375 are living in research centers and zoos in China.

1. How many wild pandas are there in China?

A．About 260.	B．About 635.
C．About 2,635.	D．About 2,000.

2. What does Liu Jianguo mean in Paragraph 4?

A．China needs more help from the World Wildlife Fund.

B．It is difficult to control the temperature rise within 3.5℃.

C．Bamboo is sensitive to the changes of temperature.

D．China is making great efforts to protect the pandas.

3. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．The Qinling Mountains can provide enough bamboo for the pandas.

B．Pandas in the Qinling Mountains are only threatened by the loss of food.

C．Lots of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains will probably disappear.

D．Pandas have already eaten 99% of the bamboo in the Qinling Mountains.

4. Which can be the best title for the text?

A．The Disappearance of Bamboo

B．Necessity to Change Pandas’ Food

C．A New Threat Faced by the Pandas

D．Efforts Made to Save Pandas

6 . Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.

Traditional migration paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest and feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.

The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says “Many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”.

The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,” one of the scientists says.

The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might not. A bird might die.

One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.

He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.

1. What mainly caused the disappearing of birds’ habitats?

A．The decrease of awareness to protect birds.	B．Natural disasters.
C．Overuse of land by human beings.	D．The rising sea level.

2. What may be the main reason for many birds’ death on the way of migration?

A．Tiredness and hunger.	B．Beast attack on the ground.
C．Hunting of humans.	D．The long journey.

3. According to the last two paragraphs, how should we protect the migrating birds?

A．By keeping fewer cats or dogs.

B．By restoring their destroyed habitats.

C．By helping change the birds’ migration paths.

D．By preserving the ecological environments on their migration paths.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To call on people to protect the birds’ habitats.

B．To analyze the reasons for disappearing of birds’ habitats.

C．To offer some solutions to the problem of birds’ habitats.

D．To tell us a huge percentage of bird species are in danger.

7 . When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders,Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier.But the glacier was gone,melted by the warming climate.Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn’t there anymore.

Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change.And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson,a full-time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell,US,an idea for a class.

This term,she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies.She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落),scientists and activists,and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix—that “this is such an intractable problem that they’re going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”.

Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者).Then he did his own reading and research,and changed his mind.

Dillon wasn’t going into environmental work—he was a computer-science major.Yet,the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复) projects.

Six months into the work,he decided that Atkinson’s class was just what he was looking for—a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.

Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.

“We are already changing the planet—so many species are going to be lost,displaced or massively impacted,” she said.“The future isn’t going to be what they imagined.”

1. Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?

A．To lay a basis for Fawn Sharp’s further research.

B．To prove Fawn Sharp’s work is similar to Atkinson’s.

C．To lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.

D．To show scientists’ concern about the Mount Anderson glacier.

2. Which of the following words best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph 3?

A．Simple.	B．Difficult.
C．Common.	D．Interesting.

3. What’s the main purpose of Atkinson’s class?

A．To explore how different people deal with climate change.

B．To get students more concerned about the environmental issue.

C．To find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.

D．To teach students how to conduct research about environment.

4. How did Atkinson’s class influence Dillon?

A．It made him work as a part-time volunteer for restoration projects.

B．It made him realize a planet-wide climate disaster would happen.

C．It encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.

D．It discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.

8 . I don’t think I can recall a time when I wasn’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune to have the sea at my side. The first time I went to Half Moon Bay, I was struck by the magnificent scenery.

For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken to the Great Barrier Reef. There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral. They made such an impression on me. I have learned that less than 1 percent of the Coral Sea within Australian waters is protected, and I am shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs here have more marine species. But sadly, only less than half of the world’s reefs are considered healthy.

This is depressing, so it’s important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action. I’ve become involved in the Protect Our Coral Sea initiative (倡议), which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean’s species will all have a safe place forever.

Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hoped it would inspire people to be part of a movement for positive change for the protection of the Coral Sea. Angus also shared many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing and admiring the beauty of the ocean as it taught him to respect the treasure.

1. What can we know about Australian marine life according to the passage?
________________
2. Why did Angus and the author create a little video?
________________
3. 文本解读
Protect the Coral Sea
Para. 1
I ________ in Australia and have a deep love for the beauty of the ocean.
Para. 2
I am shocked that the Coral Sea within Australian waters lacks ________ and reefs may be under threat.
Para. 3
To protect the Coral Sea I ________ the Protect Our Coral Sea initiative.
Para. 4
Angus and I________ to inspire people to protect the Coral Sea.

9 . As a new mother in 2016, Tash Gorst was scrolling (滚动) through her phone when she fell down the rabbit hole of reading about plastic pollution. Fast-forward to 2019 and she had opened Gather, an organic zero-waste shop.

Customers come to Gather to refill their own containers with everything from rice to beauty products. And it’s not only the produce that is sustainable — the shop is powered by renewable energy and financed by a more sustainable bank, while all the units inside have been made from waste materials, mostly by Gorst herself.

Zero-waste shops have become an increasingly common feature on the streets in recent years. Wherever they have gone, supermarkets now look set to follow, with Morrisons, Marks & Spencer and Waitrose & Partners all recently agreeing to add “refill stations” in shops by the end of 2022. Meanwhile, Asda has introduced refill aisles (通道)to more of its supermarkets following successful trials.

As small startup businesses aiming to make responsible decisions without cutting ethical(道德上的) corners, refill shops tend to be more expensive than supermarkets and chains. Gorst admits that not everyone can afford to buy from them.

“But if you can, you should. You’ll feel good about the small decision that you’ve made on contributing to your local economy and doing something that’s better for the planet,” she says.

Emily Drabble is a regular Gather customer. She buys everything that would “normally be encased in plastic”, from cleaning products to food like pasta, which she puts into glass containers. “When I get home, I love unpacking my shopping, throwing nothing in the bin,” Drabble says.

And customers at refill shops get more than just physical goods, notes Gorst. Besides employing four local people, Gather, for example, holds free events, including a monthly book club for reading about sustainability, workshops for kids and so on. “I also see the refill shop as a place to bring people together,” she says.

1. Why does the author mention Gorst’s reading in paragraph 1?

A．To share a parenting experience.	B．To offer background information.
C．To attach importance to the motivation.	D．To show advantages of digital reading.

2. Which of the following is a significant feature of Gather?

A．It is run in an ecologically friendly way.

B．It sells sustainable goods at bargain prices.

C．It is only favored by customers with a green concept.

D．It differs from supermarkets in low-carbon awareness.

3. What is Drabble’s attitude towards refill shops?

A．Indifferent.

B．Critical.

C．Objective.

D．Enthusiastic.

4. What does the example in the last paragraph imply?

A．People may regard refill shops as fitness clubs.

B．Refill shops ought to share some social responsibilities.

C．People can benefit more from refill shops than expected.

D．Refill shops need to hold various events to increase sales.

10 . Due to climate change and changes in land use, wildfires are predicted to rise by up to 14 percent by 2030, 30 percent by 2050 and 50 percent by the end of the 21st century, and even areas previously unaffected by wildfires such as the Arctic face increased risk, according to a report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and GRID-Arendal.

The report, “Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires”, says that wildfires and climate change are “mutually worsening”. Wildfires are made more serious by climate change through increased drought, high air temperatures, low humidity, lightning and strong winds. Meanwhile, climate change is made worse by wildfires, mostly by damaging sensitive and carbon-rich ecosystems like rainforests.

Wildfires can threaten people’s health and lives, pollute water, destroy crops and reduce land available to grow food. Wildlife, as well as natural habitats, is also rarely spared (幸免). Costs of rebuilding the areas after they are struck by wildfires can be beyond the means of low-income countries. In developing countries, an increase in damaging wildfires may delay progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula”, with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness and recovery and with one-third left for response. Currently, direct response to wildfires typically receives over half of related expenditures (花费), while planning receives less than one percent. “We have to minimize the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fighting climate change,” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.

The restoration of ecosystems is an important means to reduce the risk of wildfires before they occur. Wetland restoration and the reintroduction of species, building at a distance from plants, and preserving open space buffers (缓冲物) are some examples of the essential investments in prevention, preparedness and recovery.

1. Why does the author speak of the Arctic?

A．To introduce the climate change of it.	B．To warn people of the wildfire damage.
C．To stress the importance of protecting it.	D．To show the rising tendency of wildfires.

2. What can we learn from the report by the UNEP and GRID-Arendal?

A．Wildfires and climate change have bad effects on each other.

B．The researchers are pessimistic about wildfire control.

C．Prevention receives half of related spending currently.

D．Many governments have adopted the new “Fire Ready Formula”.

3. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．Wildfire control	B．Reconstruction costs
C．The wildfire damage.	D．The slowing progress.

4. Which might be an example of investments in prevention and preparedness?

A．Calling on more people to donate money.

B．Surrounding busy towns with thick forests.

C．Investing more money in putting out wildfires.

D．Restoring wetlands as well as wildlife species.